Plant Viruses Online   

Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database

Trichoviruses

Index

• Nomenclature
• Host range, transmission and symptoms
• Physical and biochemical properties
• Taxonomy and relationships
• Illustrations

Nomenclature

ICTV reference

ICTV decimal code 76.0.1.

Definitive species

• Apple chlorotic leaf spot trichovirus
• Heracleum latent trichovirus
• Potato T trichovirus

Tentative species

• Cherry mottle leaf (?) trichovirus
• Grapevine A (?) trichovirus
• Grapevine B (?) trichovirus

Host range and symptoms

Natural host range and symptoms

Symptoms persist (1/3), or vary seasonally (1/3), or disappear soon after infection (1/3).

Transmission

Transmitted by a vector (3/3); an insect (2/3), or a mite (1/3); Aphididae (1/2), or Pseudococcidae (1/2); Eriophyidae (1/1). Transmitted in a semi-persistent manner (1/1). Virus lost by the vector when it moults (1/1); does not multiply in the vector (1/1); requires, for vector transmission, a helper virus (1/1); transmitted by mechanical inoculation (5), or not transmitted by mechanical inoculation (1); transmitted by grafting (5/5); not transmitted by contact between plants (2/2); transmitted by seed (1/3), or not transmitted by seed (2/3); transmitted by pollen to the seed (1/1).

Experimental host range

Many (>9) families susceptible (1/4), or several (3-9) families susceptible (2/4), or few (<3) families susceptible (1/4).

Susceptible host species

• Amaranthus caudatus (1)
• Anethum graveolens (1)
• Anthriscus cerefolium (1)
• Apiaceae (1)
• Apium graveolens (1)
• Atriplex hortensis (1)
• Beta vulgaris (2)
• Browallia speciosa (1)
• Catharanthus roseus (1)
• Celosia plumosa (1)
• Chenopodium album (2)
• Chenopodium amaranticolor (4)
• Chenopodium ambrosioides (1)
• Chenopodium capitatum (1)
• Chenopodium foetidum (2)
• Chenopodium foliosum (2)
• Chenopodium murale (2)
• Chenopodium quinoa (4)
• Coriandrum sativum (1)
• Crataegus (1)
• Cucumis sativus (1)
• Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (1)
• Cydonia oblonga (1)
• Datura metel (1)
• Datura stramonium (1)
• Datura tatula (1)
• Daucus carota (1)
• Fedia cornucopiae (1)
• Gomphrena globosa (2)
• Heracleum sphondylium (1)
• Hyoscyamus niger (1)
• Lycopersicon chilense (2)
• Malus platycarpa (1)
• Malus sylvestris (1)
• Montia perfoliata (1)
• Nicandra physalodes (1)
• Nicotiana benthamiana (2)
• Nicotiana clevelandii (2)
• Nicotiana debneyi (1)
• Nicotiana glutinosa (1)
• Nicotiana tabacum (1)
• Pastinaca sativa (1)
• Petroselinum crispum (1)
• Phaseolus vulgaris (2)
• Physalis floridana (1)
• Pisum sativum (1)
• Prunus armeniaca (2)
• Prunus avium (1)
• Prunus cerasifera (1)
• Prunus domestica (1)
• Prunus mahaleb (1)
• Prunus persica (2)
• Prunus serrulata (1)
• Prunus spinosa (1)
• Pyronia veitchii (1)
• Pyrus communis (1)
• Scandix pecten-veneris (1)
• Solanum acaule (1)
• Solanum commersonii (1)
• Solanum demissum (1)
• Solanum melongena (1)
• Solanum rostratum (1)
• Solanum spegazzinii (1)
• Solanum tuberosum (1)
• Spinacia oleracea (2)
• Stellaria media (2)
• Tetragonia tetragonioides (1)
• Valerianella carinata (1)
• Vicia faba (1)
• Vigna unguiculata (2)
• Vigna unguiculata ssp. sesquipedalis (1)
• Vitis vinifera (2)
• Zea mays (1)

Insusceptible host species

• Allium porrum (1/5)
• Amaranthus caudatus (1/5)
• Amaranthus hypochondriacus (1/5)
• Anthriscus sylvestris (1/5)
• Apium graveolens (1/5)
• Apium nodiflorum (1/5)
• Avena sativa (1/5)
• Brassica campestris (1/5)
• Brassica campestris ssp. pekinensis (1/5)
• Brassica campestris ssp. rapa (1/5)
• Brassica perviridis (1/5)
• Capsicum annuum (1/5)
• Catharanthus roseus (1/5)
• Chenopodium amaranticolor (1/5)
• Chenopodium ambrosioides (1/5)
• Chenopodium foetidum (1/5)
• Chenopodium quinoa (1/5)
• Cucumis sativus (3/5)
• Cucurbita maxima (1/5)
• Cucurbita pepo (2/5)
• Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (1/5)
• Datura metel (1/5)
• Datura stramonium (2/5)
• Dianthus barbatus (2/5)
• Eryngium planum (1/5)
• Foeniculum vulgare (1/5)
• Fragaria vesca (1/5)
• Gomphrena globosa (1/5)
• Hordeum vulgare (2/5)
• Lactuca sativa (1/5)
• Levisticum officinale (1/5)
• Lycopersicon esculentum (3/5)
• Malus sylvestris (1/5)
• Nicandra physalodes (1/5)
• Nicotiana benthamiana (2/5)
• Nicotiana clevelandii (2/5)
• Nicotiana debneyi (1/5)
• Nicotiana forgetiana (1/5)
• Nicotiana glutinosa (4/5)
• Nicotiana glutinosa × N. clevelandii (1/5)
• Nicotiana knightiana (1/5)
• Nicotiana occidentalis (1/5)
• Nicotiana paniculata (1/5)
• Nicotiana repanda (1/5)
• Nicotiana rustica (2/5)
• Nicotiana tabacum (2/5)
• Ocimum basilicum (1/5)
• Oenanthe pimpinelloides (1/5)
• Petunia × hybrida (2/5)
• Phaseolus vulgaris (2/5)
• Physalis floridana (1/5)
• Physalis peruviana (1/5)
• Pimpinella anisum (1/5)
• Pimpinella saxifraga (1/5)
• Pisum sativum (2/5)
• Prunus persica (1/5)
• Senecio cineraria (1/5)
• Sesbania exaltata (1/5)
• Setaria italica (1/5)
• Solanum chacoense (1/5)
• Tetragonia tetragonioides (1/5)
• Trifolium pratense (2/5)
• Triticum aestivum (1/5)
• Triticum vulgare (1/5)
• Urtica pilulifera (1/5)
• Vicia faba (1/5)
• Vigna mungo (1/5)
• Vigna unguiculata ssp. cylindrica (1/5)
• Vigna unguiculata ssp. sesquipedalis (1/5)
• Zea mays (1/5)

Families containing susceptible hosts

• Amaranthaceae (2)
• Apocynaceae (1)
• Caryophyllaceae (2)
• Chenopodiaceae (4)
• Cucurbitaceae (1)
• Gramineae (1)
• Leguminosae-Papilionoideae (3)
• Portulacaceae (1)
• Rosaceae (2)
• Solanaceae (3)
• Tetragoniaceae (1)
• Umbelliferae (1)
• Valerianaceae (1)
• Vitidaceae (2)

Families containing insusceptible hosts

• Alliaceae (1/5)
• Amaranthaceae (3/5)
• Apocynaceae (1/5)
• Caryophyllaceae (2/5)
• Chenopodiaceae (3/5)
• Compositae (2/5)
• Cruciferae (2/5)
• Cucurbitaceae (4/5)
• Gramineae (2/5)
• Labiatae (1/5)
• Leguminosae-Papilionoideae (3/5)
• Rosaceae (1/5)
• Solanaceae (5/5)
• Tetragoniaceae (1/5)
• Umbelliferae (2/5)
• Urticaceae (1/5)

Physical and biochemical properties

Properties of particles in sap

TIP: 40-54-65 °C. LIV: 1-2.75-10 days. DEP: log₁₀ minus 4-5 (2/3). Infectivity of sap decreased by treatment with di-ethyl ether (1/1). Leaf sap contains few virions (2/4), or contains many virions (2/4).

Particle morphology

Virions filamentous; not enveloped (4/4); usually flexuous; with a clear modal length (4/4); of 637-909.5-1800 nm; 10.2-11.74-12.5 nm wide. Axial canal obscure (3/3). Basic helix obvious (5/5); pitch of basic helix 3.1-3.59-3.9 nm.

Physical properties

One sedimenting component in purified preparations (4/4); sedimentation coefficient 96-97-99 S. A₂₆₀/A₂₈₀ ratio 1.62.

Biochemical properties

Virions contain 95 % nucleic acid; 5 % protein; 0 % lipid.

Genome consists of RNA (4/4); single-stranded (4/4); linear (3/3). Total genome size 7.5-7.788-8.2 kb. Genome unipartite (3/3); largest (or only) genome part 7.5-7.651-7.9 kb. 5´ terminus of RNA has a methylated nucleotide cap (1/1). Infectivity retained when deproteinised with proteases (1/1); retained when deproteinised with phenol or detergent (1/1). Poly A region present (2/2). Additional factor not required for infectivity (1/1).

NCBI sequence data (Entrez search)

Features of the genome

Non-genomic nucleic acid not found in the virions (1/1). 5 virus specified dsRNA species found in infected cells. Size of largest virus specified dsRNA 7.56 kbp; 2nd largest 6.5 kbp; 3rd largest 5.5 kbp.

Features of proteins

Virion protein(s) one (4/4); M_r 20500-23620-27000. Virion proteins not glycosylated (1/1).

Virus-coded non-virion proteins isolated (1/1); two proteins found (1/1). M_r 199900. M_r of 2nd largest 45000.

Replication

Replication does not depend on a helper virus (3/3).

Cytopathology

Virions found in cytoplasm (2/2). Inclusions absent from infected cells (1/1).

Cite this publication as: Brunt, A.A., Crabtree, K., Dallwitz, M.J., Gibbs, A.J., Watson, L. and Zurcher, E.J. (eds.) (1996 onwards). `Plant Viruses Online: Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database. Version: 20^th August 1996.' URL http://biology.anu.edu.au/Groups/MES/vide/

Dallwitz (1980) and Dallwitz, Paine and Zurcher (1993) should also be cited.