Plant Viruses Online   

Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database

Tombusviruses: Tombusviridae

Index

• Nomenclature
• Host range, transmission and symptoms
• Physical and biochemical properties
• Taxonomy and relationships
• Illustrations

Nomenclature

ICTV reference

ICTV decimal code 74.0.1.

Definitive species

• Artichoke mottled crinkle tombusvirus
• Carnation Italian ringspot tombusvirus
• Cucumber necrosis tombusvirus
• Cymbidium ringspot tombusvirus
• Eggplant mottled crinkle tombusvirus
• Grapevine Algerian latent tombusvirus
• Lato River tombusvirus
• Neckar River tombusvirus
• Pelargonium leaf curl tombusvirus
• Pepper Moroccan tombusvirus
• Petunia asteroid mosaic tombusvirus
• Tomato bushy stunt tombusvirus

Tentative species

• Oat chlorotic stunt (?) tombusvirus
• Sitke waterborne (?) tombusvirus

Host range and symptoms

Natural host range and symptoms

Symptoms persist (5/6), or vary cyclically over a few weeks (1/6), or vary seasonally (2/6).

Transmission

Transmitted by a vector (1/6), or means not involving a vector (6/6); a fungus (1/1); Chytridiales (1/1). Virus transmitted by mechanical inoculation (12/12); transmitted by grafting (6/6); transmitted by contact between plants (2/3), or not transmitted by contact between plants (1/3); transmitted by seed (1/4), or not transmitted by seed (3/4); transmitted by pollen to the seed (1/2), or not transmitted by pollen (1/2).

Experimental host range

Many (>9) families susceptible (3/12), or several (3-9) families susceptible (7/12), or few (<3) families susceptible (2/12).

Susceptible host species

• Amaranthus caudatus (1)
• Antirrhinum majus (3)
• Arachis hypogaea (1)
• Atriplex hortensis (1)
• Avena sativa (1)
• Beta vulgaris (1)
• Capsicum annuum (2)
• Capsicum frutescens (2)
• Celosia argentea (2)
• Chenopodium album (1)
• Chenopodium amaranticolor (9)
• Chenopodium foetidum (1)
• Chenopodium murale (3)
• Chenopodium quinoa (10)
• Cornus sanguinea (1)
• Cucumis melo (1)
• Cucumis sativus (6)
• Cucurbita maxima (1)
• Cucurbita pepo (4)
• Cymbidium (1)
• Cynara scolymus (1)
• Datura metel (1)
• Datura stramonium (6)
• Dianthus barbatus (1)
• Dianthus caryophyllus (1)
• Emilia sagittata (1)
• Fagopyrum esculentum (1)
• Glycine max (1)
• Gomphrena globosa (8)
• Gypsophila elegans (1)
• Helianthus annuus (1)
• Humulus lupulus (1)
• Hyoscyamus niger (1)
• Lactuca sativa (1)
• Lathyrus odoratus (1)
• Lavatera trimestris (1)
• Ligustrum vulgare (1)
• Lupinus albus (1)
• Lupinus angustifolius (1)
• Lycopersicon esculentum (3)
• Malus (1)
• Myosotis sylvatica (1)
• Nicandra physalodes (1)
• Nicotiana benthamiana (9)
• Nicotiana bigelovii (1)
• Nicotiana clevelandii (10)
• Nicotiana debneyi (3)
• Nicotiana glutinosa (5)
• Nicotiana megalosiphon (2)
• Nicotiana rustica (2)
• Nicotiana tabacum (6)
• Ocimum basilicum (4)
• Pelargonium zonale (2)
• Petunia × hybrida (5)
• Phaseolus vulgaris (6)
• Phlox drummondii (1)
• Physalis floridana (4)
• Phytolacca americana (1)
• Pisum sativum (2)
• Prunus avium (1)
• Prunus domestica (1)
• Pyrus (1)
• Saponaria vaccaria (1)
• Senecio vulgaris (1)
• Solanum melongena (3)
• Solanum nigrum (2)
• Solanum tuberosum (1)
• Spinacia oleracea (4)
• Stellaria media (1)
• Tetragonia tetragonioides (2)
• Tolmiea menziesii (1)
• Torenia fournieri (1)
• Trifolium incarnatum (1)
• Trifolium repens (1)
• Tropaeolum majus (1)
• Tulipa (1)
• Vicia faba (3)
• Vigna radiata (1)
• Vigna unguiculata (5)
• Vigna unguiculata ssp. sesquipedalis (1)
• Vitis vinifera (2)
• Zinnia elegans (3)

Insusceptible host species

• Abelmoschus esculentus (1/5)
• Ageratum conyzoides (1/5)
• Apium graveolens (1/5)
• Avena sativa (1/5)
• Bellis perennis (1/5)
• Brassica campestris ssp. pekinensis (1/5)
• Brassica campestris ssp. rapa (1/5)
• Brassica oleracea var. capitata (1/5)
• Catharanthus roseus (1/5)
• Cheiranthus cheiri (1/5)
• Chenopodium amaranticolor (1/5)
• Chrysanthemum morifolium (1/5)
• Citrus limon (1/5)
• Cucumis melo (1/5)
• Dactylis glomerata (1/5)
• Dianthus barbatus (1/5)
• Hordeum vulgare (1/5)
• Hyoscyamus niger (1/5)
• Ipomoea nil (1/5)
• Lycopersicon pimpinellifolium (1/5)
• Nicotiana clevelandii (2/5)
• Nicotiana glutinosa (1/5)
• Nicotiana rustica (1/5)
• Nicotiana tabacum (1/5)
• Phaseolus vulgaris (1/5)
• Phleum pratense (1/5)
• Solanum melongena (1/5)
• Solanum tuberosum (1/5)
• Triticum aestivum (1/5)
• Zea mays (1/5)

Families containing susceptible hosts

• Amaranthaceae (8)
• Boraginaceae (1)
• Cannabidaceae (1)
• Caryophyllaceae (3)
• Chenopodiaceae (12)
• Compositae (4)
• Cornaceae (1)
• Cucurbitaceae (6)
• Geraniaceae (2)
• Gramineae (1)
• Labiatae (4)
• Leguminosae-Papilionoideae (7)
• Liliaceae (1)
• Malvaceae (1)
• Oleaceae (1)
• Orchidaceae (1)
• Phytolaccaceae (1)
• Polemoniaceae (1)
• Polygonaceae (1)
• Rosaceae (2)
• Saxifragaceae (1)
• Scrophulariaceae (3)
• Solanaceae (12)
• Tetragoniaceae (2)
• Tropaeolaceae (1)
• Vitidaceae (2)

Families containing insusceptible hosts

• Apocynaceae (1/5)
• Caryophyllaceae (1/5)
• Chenopodiaceae (1/5)
• Compositae (1/5)
• Convolvulaceae (1/5)
• Cruciferae (1/5)
• Cucurbitaceae (1/5)
• Gramineae (1/5)
• Leguminosae-Papilionoideae (1/5)
• Malvaceae (1/5)
• Rutaceae (1/5)
• Solanaceae (5/5)
• Umbelliferae (1/5)

Physical and biochemical properties

Properties of particles in sap

TIP: 75-85-90 °C. LIV: 21-104.5-300 days. DEP: log₁₀ minus 4-5 (2/6), or 6 (4/6), or 7 (1/6). Leaf sap contains many virions (7/7).

Particle morphology

Virions isometric; not enveloped (11/11); 28-30.57-35 nm in diameter; rounded in profile (4/7), or angular in profile (2/7), or neither clearly angular or nor rounded in profile (1/7); with a conspicuous capsomere arrangement (2/5), or without a conspicuous capsomere arrangement (3/5).

Physical properties

One sedimenting component in purified preparations (10/11), or two sedimenting components in purified preparations (1/11); sedimentation coefficient 130-134.2-140 S. Density 1.28-1.346-1.36 g cm^-3 in CsCl. Isoelectric point pH 3.9-4-4.1. A₂₆₀/A₂₈₀ ratio 1.64.

Biochemical properties

Virions contain 14-16.92-18 % nucleic acid; 82-82.66-84 % protein; 0 % lipid.

Genome consists of RNA (13/13); single-stranded (13/13); linear (5/5). Total genome size 4.114-4.673-4.8 kb. Genome unipartite (12/12); largest (or only) genome part 4.6-4.702-4.8 kb. Base composition 27.8-28.13-28.6 % G; 24.9-26.06-27 % A; 21.2-21.5-22 % C; 23-25.13-26.3 % U. 5´ terminus of RNA has a methylated nucleotide cap (1/1). Infectivity retained when deproteinised with proteases (2/2); retained when deproteinised with phenol or detergent (5/5). Poly A region absent (5/5). Additional factor not required for infectivity (5/5). Genome has no tRNA-like activity (2/2).

NCBI sequence data (Entrez search)

Features of the genome

Non-genomic nucleic acid found in the virions (4/5), or not found in the virions (1/5); is subgenomic mRNA (4/4), or satellite RNA (2/4), or of an unusual type of structure (2/4). Sub-genomic mRNA found in infected cells (3/3). 3-3.5-4 virus specified dsRNA species found in infected cells. Size of largest virus specified dsRNA 4.7-4.716-4.733 kbp; 2nd largest 2.1-2.144-2.188 kbp; 3rd largest 0.9-0.918-0.936 kbp; 4th largest 0.62 kbp; 5th largest 0.499 kbp.

Features of proteins

Virion protein(s) one; M_r 35800-40960-48200. Virion proteins not glycosylated (2/2). Virion proteins not phosphorylated (2/2).

Virus-coded non-virion proteins isolated (1/1); three proteins found (1/1). M_r 92000. M_r of 2nd largest 33000. M_r of 3rd 22000.

Replication

Genome replicates in cytoplasm (2/2). Replication does not depend on a helper virus (4/4). Acts as helper for a satellite RNA (2/2).

Cytopathology

Virions found in cytoplasm (11/11), or in nuclei (4/11), or in nucleoli (2/11), or in the perinuclear space (1/11), or in chloroplasts (2/11), or in mitochondria (2/11), or in cell vacuoles (5/11). Inclusions present in infected cells (6/7), or absent from infected cells (1/7); are crystals in the cytoplasm (3/6), or crystals in the nucleus (1/6), or membranous bodies (2/6), or unusual in shape (3/6); they contain virions (1/5), or they do not contain virions (4/5).

Taxonomy and relationships

Viral family : Tombusviridae.

Illustrations

Electron micrograph.

---

Cite this publication as: Brunt, A.A., Crabtree, K., Dallwitz, M.J., Gibbs, A.J., Watson, L. and Zurcher, E.J. (eds.) (1996 onwards). `Plant Viruses Online: Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database. Version: 20^th August 1996.' URL http://biology.anu.edu.au/Groups/MES/vide/

Dallwitz (1980) and Dallwitz, Paine and Zurcher (1993) should also be cited.

Please send comments, corrections and suggestions to: vide-manager@biology.anu.edu.au