Plant Viruses Online   

Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database

Cytorhabdoviruses: Rhabdoviridae

Index

• Nomenclature
• Host range, transmission and symptoms
• Physical and biochemical properties
• Taxonomy and relationships
• Illustrations

Nomenclature

ICTV reference

ICTV decimal code 62.0.4.

Definitive species

• Barley yellow striate mosaic cytorhabdovirus
• Broad bean yellow vein cytorhabdovirus
• Broccoli necrotic yellows cytorhabdovirus
• Cereal northern mosaic cytorhabdovirus
• Festuca leaf streak cytorhabdovirus
• Lettuce necrotic yellows cytorhabdovirus
• Sonchus cytorhabdovirus
• Strawberry crinkle cytorhabdovirus

Tentative species

• Celery T (?) cytorhabdovirus
• Digitaria striate (?) cytorhabdovirus
• Ivy vein clearing (?) cytorhabdovirus
• Melon variegation (?) cytorhabdovirus
• Pelargonium vein clearing (?) cytorhabdovirus
• Pisum (?) cytorhabdovirus
• Raphanus (?) cytorhabdovirus
• Soursop yellow blotch (?) cytorhabdovirus
• Winter wheat Russian mosaic (?) cytorhabdovirus

Host range and symptoms

Natural host range and symptoms

Symptoms persist (6/7), or vary seasonally (1/7), or disappear soon after infection (1/7).

Transmission

Transmitted by a vector (7/7); an insect (7/7); Aphididae (3/7), or Delphacidae (4/7). Transmitted in a persistent manner (6/6). Virus retained when the vector moults (5/5); multiplies in the vector (5/5); transmitted congenitally to the progeny of the vector (3/5), or not transmitted congenitally to the progeny of the vector (2/5); transmitted by mechanical inoculation (9/15), or not transmitted by mechanical inoculation (6/15); transmitted by grafting (3/3); not transmitted by contact between plants (3/3); not transmitted by seed (8/8); not transmitted by pollen (2/2).

Experimental host range

Several (3-9) families susceptible (4/11), or few (<3) families susceptible (7/11).

Susceptible host species

• Alopecurus aequalis (1)
• Alopecurus geniculatus (1)
• Alopecurus japonicus (1)
• Alopecurus pratensis (1)
• Annona muricata (1)
• Annona squamosa (1)
• Anthoxanthum odoratum (1)
• Apium graveolens (1)
• Apium graveolens var. rapaceum (1)
• Avena (1)
• Avena byzantina (1)
• Avena fatua (1)
• Avena sativa (3)
• Avena strigosa (1)
• Beckmannia syzigachne (1)
• Brachiaria miliiformis (1)
• Brassica oleracea (1)
• Brassica oleracea var. botrytis (1)
• Brassica oleracea var. gemmifera (1)
• Briza (1)
• Bromus (1)
• Bromus aleutensis (1)
• Bromus arvensis (1)
• Bromus mollis (1)
• Bromus rigidus (1)
• Calamagrostis epigejos (1)
• Capsicum annuum (1)
• Chenopodium quinoa (1)
• Chloris virgata (1)
• Cucumis melo (1)
• Dactylis (1)
• Dactylis glomerata (1)
• Datura metel (1)
• Datura stramonium (4)
• Digitaria ciliaris (1)
• Digitaria decumbens (1)
• Digitaria sanguinalis (1)
• Dinebra retroflexa (1)
• Diplachne fusca (1)
• Echinochloa crus-galli (1)
• Eleusine indica (1)
• Elytrigia repens (1)
• Embergeria megalocarpa (1)
• Eragrostis cilianensis (1)
• Eragrostis multicaulis (1)
• Eragrostis pilosa (1)
• Eragrostis poaeoides (1)
• Festuca elatior (1)
• Festuca gigantea (1)
• Fragaria chiloensis (1)
• Fragaria vesca (1)
• Fragaria vesca var. semperflorens (1)
• Fragaria virginiana (1)
• Fragaria × ananassa (1)
• Gomphrena globosa (4)
• Hedera helix (1)
• Holcus lanatus (1)
• Hordeum (1)
• Hordeum vulgare (3)
• Lactuca sativa (2)
• Lactuca serriola (1)
• Lagurus (1)
• Lolium (1)
• Lolium multiflorum (2)
• Lolium perenne (1)
• Lolium vulgare (1)
• Lycopersicon esculentum (1)
• Matthiola incana (1)
• Nicotiana benthamiana (2)
• Nicotiana clevelandii (4)
• Nicotiana debneyi (1)
• Nicotiana glutinosa (5)
• Nicotiana glutinosa × N. clevelandii (1)
• Nicotiana megalosiphon (2)
• Nicotiana rustica (1)
• Nicotiana sylvestris (1)
• Nicotiana tabacum (3)
• Panicum (1)
• Panicum bisulcatum (1)
• Panicum maximum (1)
• Pelargonium peltatum (1)
• Pelargonium zonale (1)
• Pennisetum alopecuroides (1)
• Petunia × hybrida (3)
• Phleum paniculatum (1)
• Physalis floridana (1)
• Pisum sativum (1)
• Poa (1)
• Poa annua (1)
• Polypogon fugax (1)
• Raphanus (1)
• Reichardia tingitana (1)
• Rollinia deliciosa (1)
• Sanguisorba minor (1)
• Secale (1)
• Secale cereale (2)
• Setaria faberi (1)
• Setaria italica (2)
• Setaria viridis (2)
• Sonchus hydrophilus (1)
• Sonchus oleraceus (2)
• Spinacia oleracea (1)
• Trisetum (1)
• Triticum (1)
• Triticum aestivum (3)
• Triticum compactum (1)
• Triticum durum (1)
• Vicia faba (1)
• Vigna unguiculata ssp. unguiculata (1)
• Zea (1)
• Zea mays (2)

Insusceptible host species

• Agrostis palustris (1/8)
• Antirrhinum majus (1/8)
• Beta vulgaris (2/8)
• Brassica campestris ssp. rapa (1/8)
• Brassica oleracea var. acephala (1/8)
• Brassica oleracea var. botrytis (2/8)
• Bromus inermis (1/8)
• Calendula officinalis (1/8)
• Callistephus chinensis (1/8)
• Capsella bursa-pastoris (1/8)
• Capsicum annuum (2/8)
• Capsicum frutescens (1/8)
• Chenopodium amaranticolor (3/8)
• Chenopodium quinoa (3/8)
• Chloris gayana (1/8)
• Cucumis melo (1/8)
• Cucumis sativus (3/8)
• Cynodon dactylon (1/8)
• Dactylis glomerata (1/8)
• Datura stramonium (1/8)
• Digitaria sanguinalis (1/8)
• Echinochloa colona (1/8)
• Echinochloa crus-galli (1/8)
• Eleusine coracana (1/8)
• Eleusine indica (1/8)
• Festuca ovina (1/8)
• Festuca pratensis (1/8)
• Festuca rubra (1/8)
• Glycine max (1/8)
• Gomphrena globosa (1/8)
• Holcus lanatus (1/8)
• Holcus mollis (1/8)
• Lactuca sativa (1/8)
• Leersia japonica (1/8)
• Leptochloa filiformis (1/8)
• Lycopersicon esculentum (2/8)
• Nicandra physalodes (1/8)
• Nicotiana benthamiana (1/8)
• Nicotiana debneyi (1/8)
• Nicotiana glutinosa (1/8)
• Nicotiana rustica (3/8)
• Nicotiana tabacum (3/8)
• Oryza sativa (2/8)
• Phaseolus vulgaris (2/8)
• Phleum pratense (2/8)
• Physalis peruviana (1/8)
• Pisum sativum (1/8)
• Poa compressa (1/8)
• Poa pratensis (1/8)
• Poa trivialis (1/8)
• Setaria faberi (1/8)
• Solanum melongena (1/8)
• Solanum nigrum (1/8)
• Sorghum bicolor (1/8)
• Sorghum vulgare (1/8)
• Spinacia oleracea (1/8)
• Sporobolus elongatus (1/8)
• Trifolium subterraneum (1/8)
• Vicia faba (2/8)
• Vigna unguiculata (3/8)
• Zea mays (1/8)
• Zinnia elegans (2/8)

Families containing susceptible hosts

• Amaranthaceae (4)
• Annonaceae (1)
• Araliaceae (1)
• Chenopodiaceae (2)
• Compositae (2)
• Cruciferae (3)
• Cucurbitaceae (1)
• Geraniaceae (1)
• Gramineae (5)
• Leguminosae-Papilionoideae (3)
• Rosaceae (1)
• Solanaceae (5)
• Umbelliferae (1)

Families containing insusceptible hosts

• Amaranthaceae (1/8)
• Chenopodiaceae (4/8)
• Compositae (3/8)
• Cruciferae (3/8)
• Cucurbitaceae (3/8)
• Gramineae (3/8)
• Leguminosae-Papilionoideae (4/8)
• Scrophulariaceae (1/8)
• Solanaceae (4/8)

Physical and biochemical properties

Properties of particles in sap

TIP: 50-52.78-60 °C. LIV: 0.1-1.328-5 days. DEP: log₁₀ minus 2 (2/7), or 3-4 (3/7), or 5-6 (1/7). Infectivity of sap decreased by treatment with di-ethyl ether (3/3). Leaf sap contains few virions (8/9), or contains many virions (2/9).

Particle morphology

Virions rhabdo- or bullet-shaped; enveloped (12/12); usually straight (3/3); with a clear modal length (12/13), or with no clear modal length (1/13); of 100-278.2-360 nm; 42-63.32-130 nm wide. Axial canal obvious (5/5); 14-20.5-35 nm in diameter. Basic helix obvious (6/7), or obscure (1/7); pitch of basic helix 4.2-4.633-5.5 nm.

Physical properties

One sedimenting component in purified preparations (5/5); sedimentation coefficient 704-839.3-940 S. Density 1.19-1.194-1.2 g cm^-3 in sucrose.

Biochemical properties

Genome consists of RNA (5/5); single-stranded (5/5); linear (1/1). Total genome size 10.5-12.34-14 kb. Genome unipartite (3/3); largest (or only) genome part 10.5-12.34-14 kb. Base composition 16.3 % G; 30.3 % A; 16.7 % C; 36.6 % U. Infectivity lost when deproteinised with phenol or detergent (2/2).

NCBI sequence data (Entrez search)

Features of the genome

Non-genomic nucleic acid found in the virions (1/1); is rRNA (1/1). Sub-genomic mRNA found in infected cells (1/1).

Features of proteins

Virion protein(s) three (1/3), or five (1/3), or six (1/3); M_r 50000-108200-189900. M_r of 2nd largest 49000-62160-76000. M_r of 3rd largest 20000-40160-54000. M_r of 4th largest 38000-39000-40000. M_r of 5th largest 19000. Virion proteins glycosylated (4/4).

Replication

Genome replicates in cytoplasm (1/1). Replication does not depend on a helper virus (3/3).

Cytopathology

Virions found in cytoplasm, or in the perinuclear space (1). Inclusions present in infected cells (5/7), or absent from infected cells (2/7); are membranous bodies (2/5), or viroplasms (3/5), or unusual in shape (1/5); they contain virions (2/4), or they do not contain virions (2/4).

Taxonomy and relationships

Viral family : Rhabdoviridae.

Cite this publication as: Brunt, A.A., Crabtree, K., Dallwitz, M.J., Gibbs, A.J., Watson, L. and Zurcher, E.J. (eds.) (1996 onwards). `Plant Viruses Online: Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database. Version: 20^th August 1996.' URL http://biology.anu.edu.au/Groups/MES/vide/

Dallwitz (1980) and Dallwitz, Paine and Zurcher (1993) should also be cited.