Plant Viruses Online   

Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database

Wild cucumber mosaic tymovirus

Index

• Nomenclature
• Host range, transmission and symptoms
• Physical and biochemical properties
• Taxonomy and relationships
• Comments and References

Data collated by A.A. Brunt and A.J. Gibbs, 1989.

Nomenclature

Synonyms

cucumber wild mosaic tymovirus.

Acronym

WCMV

ICTV decimal code

77.0.1.0.018

Host range and symptoms

Natural host range and symptoms

Symptoms persist.
• Marah macrocarpus, Marah oreganus, Echinocystis sp. - mild leaf chlorosis.

Transmission

Transmitted by a vector; an insect; Acalymma trivittata; Coleoptera. Virus transmitted by mechanical inoculation; transmitted by grafting; not transmitted by contact between plants.

Geographical distribution

Spreads in the USA (California and Oregon).

Experimental host range

Several (3-9) families susceptible.

Diagnostically susceptible host species and symptoms

• Cucurbita pepo, C. maxima, Citrullus lanatus, Cucumis sativus - chlorotic local lesions and systemic chlorosis.
• Catharanthus roseus - symptomless systemic infection.

Diagnostically insusceptible host species

Nicotiana tabacum, N. glutinosa, Datura stramonium, Vigna unguiculata, Chenopodium amaranticolor.

Maintenance and propagation hosts

Cucurbita pepo (pumpkin and zucchini), Citrullus lanatus.

Assay hosts (Local lesions or Whole plants)

Citrullus vulgaris (L) for some isolates, Cucumis melo (L) for some isolates.

Susceptible host species

• Catharanthus roseus
• Citrullus lanatus
• Citrullus vulgaris
• Cucumis melo
• Cucumis sativus
• Cucurbita maxima
• Cucurbita pepo
• Echinocystis
• Marah macrocarpus
• Marah oreganus

Insusceptible host species

• Brassica campestris ssp. pekinensis
• Chenopodium amaranticolor
• Datura stramonium
• Nicotiana glutinosa
• Nicotiana tabacum
• Vigna unguiculata

Families containing susceptible hosts

• Apocynaceae (1/1)
• Cucurbitaceae (9/9)

Families containing insusceptible hosts

• Chenopodiaceae (1/1)
• Cruciferae (1/1)
• Leguminosae-Papilionoideae (1/1)
• Solanaceae (3/3)

Sources of host-range data

Lindberg et al. (1956); Milne et al. (1969).

Physical and biochemical properties

Properties of particles in sap

TIP: 70 °C. LIV: more than 28 days (at 20ºC). DEP: log₁₀ minus 4. Infectivity of sap not changed by treatment with di-ethyl ether. Leaf sap contains many virions. Electron microscopy: stable in all stains.

Purification method

Chloroform/n-butanol clarification, concentrated by PEG then differentail centrifugation.

Particle morphology

Virions isometric; not enveloped; 28 nm in diameter; rounded in profile; with a conspicuous capsomere arrangement.

Physical properties

Two sedimenting components in purified preparations; sedimentation coefficient of the fastest 119 S (possibly); of the other(s) 53 S (possibly). Isoelectric point pH 5.2.

Biochemical properties

Virions contain 35 % nucleic acid (B); 65 % protein (B).

Genome consists of RNA; single-stranded; linear. Total genome size 2 kb (6.3 kilobases). Genome unipartite; largest (or only) genome part 2 kb. Genomic nucleic acid isolated by : standard methods. Base composition 16.4 % G; 17 % A; 41 % C; 25.6 % U. Infectivity retained when deproteinised with phenol or detergent.

Features of proteins

Virion protein(s) one; M_r 22200; coat protein.

Cytopathology

Virions found in mesophyll and all parts of the host plant; in cytoplasm and in chloroplasts (in chronically infected leaves). Inclusions present in infected cells; are crystals in the cytoplasm; they contain virions. Other cellular changes: development of vesicles in chloroplasts.

Taxonomy and relationships

Tymovirus

Virus(es) with serologically related virions

Ononis yellow mosaic and turnip yellow mosaic viruses are most closely related; eggplant mosaic, Andean potato latent, belladona mottle, dulcamara mottle, scrophularia mottle, okra mosaic and desmodium yellow mottle viruses are related.

Virus(es) with serologically unrelated virions

Kennedya yellow mosaic, clitoria yellow vein and cacao yellow mosaic viruses.

Comments and References

References

• Allen, T.C. (1972). Virology 47: 467.
• Allen, T.C. and Fernald, E.K. (1971). Pl. Dis. Reptr 55: 546.
• Brunt, A.A., Kenten, R.H., Gibbs, A.J. and Nixon, H. (1965). J. gen. Microbiol. 33: 81.
• Freitag, J.H. (1952). Phytopathology 42: 8.
• Koenig, R. (1976). Virology 72: 1.
• Lindberg, G.D., Hall, D.H. and Walker, J.C. (1956). Phytopathology 46: 489.
• Macleod, R. and Markham, R. (1963). Virology 19: 190.
• Milne, K.S., Grogan, R.G. and Kimble, K.A. (1969). Phytopathology 59: 819.
• Sinclair, J.B., Geil, P.H. and Kaesberg, P. (1957). Phytopathology 47: 372.
• Walkers, H.J. (1969). Adv. Virus Res. 15: 339.
• Van Regenmortel, M.H.V. (1972). CMI/AAB Descr. Pl. Viruses No. 105, 4 pp.

Cite this publication as: Brunt, A.A., Crabtree, K., Dallwitz, M.J., Gibbs, A.J., Watson, L. and Zurcher, E.J. (eds.) (1996 onwards). `Plant Viruses Online: Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database. Version: 20^th August 1996.' URL http://biology.anu.edu.au/Groups/MES/vide/

Dallwitz (1980) and Dallwitz, Paine and Zurcher (1993) should also be cited.