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Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database

Watermelon mosaic 2 potyvirus

Index

• Nomenclature
• Host range, transmission and symptoms
• Physical and biochemical properties
• Taxonomy and relationships
• Comments and References

Data collated by D. Purcifull, 1981.

Nomenclature

Synonyms

marrow mosaic virus (Raychaudhuri and Varma, 1975; Varma, 1988), melon mosaic virus (Iwaki et al., 1984; Komuro, 1962), watermelon mosaic virus.

Acronym

WMV-2

Strains

soybean mosaic virus (Frenkel et al., 1989; Yu et al., 1989; and D.D. Shukla, personal communication), indeed it is proposed that all are a single species and should be called soybean mosaic virus.

ICTV decimal code

57.0.1.0.073

Host range and symptoms

Natural host range and symptoms

Symptoms persist.
• Cucurbita pepo, Cucumis melo, C. sativus, Citrullus lanatus and some legumes - mosaic, mottling, leaf shape malformation.

Transmission

Transmitted by a vector; an insect; Myzus persicae, Aphis craccivora; at least 29 species of aphids transmit watermelon mosaic 2 potyvirus (Edwardson and Christie, 1986); Aphididae. Virus transmitted by mechanical inoculation; not transmitted by seed.

Geographical distribution

Probably distributed worldwide.

Experimental host range

Many (>9) families susceptible.

Diagnostically susceptible host species and symptoms

• Chenopodium amaranticolor - chlorotic local lesions; not systemic.
• Cucurbita pepo - systemic mosaic and occasional leaf malformation.
• Pisum sativum cv. Alaska - necrotic local lesions; systemic mottling and necrosis.
• Nicotiana benthamiana - systemic mosaic.

Diagnostically insusceptible host species

Pisum sativum cv. Little Marvel, Nicotiana glutinosa.

Maintenance and propagation hosts

Cucurbita pepo cvs Small Sugar, Zucchini, Nicotiana benthamiana.

Assay hosts (Local lesions or Whole plants)

Abelmoschus esculentus, Chenopodium amaranticolor, C. quinoa, Lavatera trimestris (L).

Susceptible host species

• Abelmoschus esculentus
• Amaranthus caudatus
• Astragalus sinicus
• Atriplex hortensis
• Capsella bursa-pastoris
• Cassia occidentalis
• Catharanthus roseus
• Celosia argentea
• Chenopodium album
• Chenopodium amaranticolor
• Chenopodium foetidum
• Chenopodium foliosum
• Chenopodium hybridum
• Chenopodium murale
• Chenopodium quinoa
• Cichorium endiva
• Citrullus lanatus
• Coriandrum sativum
• Crotalaria spectabilis
• Cucumis melo
• Cucumis metuliferus
• Cucumis sativus
• Cucurbita maxima
• Cucurbita moschata
• Cucurbita okeechobeensis
• Cucurbita pepo
• Cyamopsis tetragonoloba
• Datura stramonium
• Euphorbia marginata
• Glycine max
• Gomphrena globosa
• Ipomoea nil
• Lathyrus odoratus
• Lavatera trimestris
• Luffa acutangula
• Lupinus albus
• Lupinus angustifolius
• Macroptilium lathyroides
• Macrotyloma uniflorum
• Medicago hispida
• Medicago sativa
• Melilotus albus
• Melilotus officinalis
• Nicotiana benthamiana
• Nicotiana clevelandii
• Nicotiana glutinosa
• Nicotiana megalosiphon
• Nicotiana tabacum
• Phaseolus vulgaris
• Pisum sativum
• Senecio vulgaris
• Sesamum indicum
• Sonchus oleraceus
• Spinacia oleracea
• Tetragonia tetragonioides
• Torenia fournieri
• Trifolium incarnatum
• Trifolium pratense
• Valeriana officinalis
• Vicia faba
• Vicia sativa
• Vigna unguiculata
• Vigna unguiculata ssp. cylindrica
• Zinnia elegans

Insusceptible host species

• Beta macrocarpa
• Beta vulgaris
• Capsicum annuum
• Cheiranthus cheiri
• Nicotiana glutinosa
• Ocimum basilicum
• Petunia × hybrida
• Pisum sativum (cv. Little Marvel)
• Tropaeolum majus
• Vigna angularis

Families containing susceptible hosts

• Amaranthaceae (3/3)
• Apocynaceae (1/1)
• Chenopodiaceae (9/11)
• Compositae (4/4)
• Convolvulaceae (1/1)
• Cruciferae (1/2)
• Cucurbitaceae (9/9)
• Euphorbiaceae (1/1)
• Leguminosae-Caesalpinioideae (1/1)
• Leguminosae-Papilionoideae (21 /22)
• Malvaceae (2/2)
• Pedaliaceae (1/1)
• Scrophulariaceae (1/1)
• Solanaceae (6/8)
• Tetragoniaceae (1/1)
• Umbelliferae (1/1)
• Valerianaceae (1/1)

Families containing insusceptible hosts

• Chenopodiaceae (2/11)
• Cruciferae (1/2)
• Labiatae (1/1)
• Leguminosae-Papilionoideae (2/22)
• Solanaceae (3/8)
• Tropaeolaceae (1/1)

Sources of host-range data

Edwardson (1974); Horváth et al. (1975); Greber (1978); Hampton et al. (1978); Horváth (1979); Lecoq et al. (1981); Edwardson and Christie (1986).

Physical and biochemical properties

Properties of particles in sap

TIP: 55-65 °C. LIV: 10-50 days. DEP: log₁₀ minus 3-5. Leaf sap contains few virions.

Purification method

Purcifull et al. (1979).

Particle morphology

Virions filamentous; not enveloped; usually flexuous; of 730-765 nm. Axial canal obscure. Basic helix obscure.

Physical properties

One sedimenting component in purified preparations; sedimentation coefficient 150 S. Density 1.32 g cm^-3 in CsCl.

Biochemical properties

Virions contain 5 % nucleic acid; 95 % protein.

Genome consists of RNA; single-stranded; linear; unipartite. Genomic nucleic acid isolated by Purcifull et al. (1984).

NCBI sequence data (Entrez search)

Sequence database accession code(s)

• D00535 Em(40)_vi:WMVCOAT Gb(84)_vi:WMVCOAT Watermelon mosaic virus 2 coat protein gene. 3/91 1,157bp.
• D00592 Em(40)_vi:MTWCP Watermelon mosaic virus 2 49kda protease, nuclear inclusion protein and coat protein genes. 3
• D13913 Em(40)_vi:WMVCP Gb(84)_vi:WMVCP Watermelon mosaic virus 2 49kda protease, nuclear inclusion protein and coat protein genes. 1
• L22907 Em(40)_vi:WMVCOATA Gb(84)_vi:WMVCOATA Watermelon mosaic virus 2 coat protein gene, complete cds. 5/94 1,656bp. 4 sequences.

Features of proteins

Virion protein(s) one; M_r 34000.

Virus-coded non-virion proteins identified by genomic sequence analysis (Purcifull et al. (1984)); seven proteins found. M_r of the largest 58000. M_r of 2nd largest 51000; helper component. M_r of 3rd 50000. M_r of 4th 69000; cylindrical inclusions. M_r of 5th and smaller 49000, or 54000, or 34000, or 69000; protease, polymerase, coat protein, cylindrical inclusions.

Cytopathology

Virions found in mesophyll and epidermis; in cytoplasm. Inclusions present in infected cells; are unusual in shape; scrolls and laminated aggregates (Edwardson's Type III inclusions) in the cytoplasm and thin plates, of unknown nature, in the nucleus; they do not contain virions and they contain virions (in cytoplasmic aggregates associated with membranes).

Taxonomy and relationships

Potyvirus: Potyviridae

Virus(es) with serologically related virions

Soybean mosaic and blackeye cowpea mosaic viruses, but distantly.

Comments and References

References

• Broderode, F.Th., Koper-Zwarthoff, C.E. and Bol, J.F. (1980). Nucl. Acids Res. 8: 2213:
• Edwardson, J.R. (1974). Fla Agric. Exp. Stn Monog. No. 5, p. 131.
• Edwardson, J.R. and Christie, R.G. (1986). Fla Agric. Exp. Stn Monog. No. 14, p. 454.
• Frenkel, M.J., Ward, C.W. and Shukla, D.D. (1989). J. gen. Virol. 70: 2775.
• Greber, R.S. (1978). Aust. J. agric. Res. 29: 1235.
• Hampton, R., Beczner, L., Hagedorn, D., Bos, L., Inouye, T., Barnett, O.W., Musil, M. and Meiners, J. (1978). Phytopathology 68: 989.
• Horváth, J. (1979). Acta Phytop. Acad. Sci. Hung. 14: 157.
• Horváth, J., Juretic, N., Besada, W.H. and Kuroli, G. (1975). Acta Phytopath. Acad. Sci. Hung. 10: 93.
• Iwaki, M., Honda, Y., Hanada, K., Tochihara, H., Yonaha, T., Hokama, K. and Yokoyama, T. (1984). Plant Dis. 68: 1006.
• Komuro, Y. (1962). Ann. Phytopath. Soc. Japan 27: 31.
• Lecoq, H., Pitrat, M. and Clement, M. (1981). Agronomie 1: 827.
• Milne, K.S. and Grogan, R.G. (1969). Phytopathology 59: 809.
• Milne, K.S., Grogan, R.G. and Kimble, K.A. (1969). Phytopathology 59: 819.
• Purcifull, D.E. and Hiebert, E. (1979). Phytopathology 69: 112.
• Purcifull, D., Hiebert, E. and Edwardson, J.R. (1984). CMI/AAB Descr. Pl. Viruses No. 293, 7 pp.
• Raychaudhuri, M. and Varma, A. (1975). Indian J. Ent. 37: 247.
• Thomas, W. (1971). N.Z. Jl agric. Res. 14: 235.
• Van Regenmortel, M.H.V. (1971). CMI/AAB Descr. Pl. Viruses No. 63, 4 pp.
• Varma, A. (1988). In: The Plant Viruses Vol. 4, The Filamentous Plant Viruses, p. 371; ed. R.G. Milne. Plenum Press, New York.
• Webb, R.E. and Scott, H.A. (1965). Phytopathology 55: 895.
• Yu, M., Frenkel, M.J., McKern, N.M., Shukla, D.D., Strike, P.M. and Ward, C.M. (1989). Arch. Virol. 105: 55.

Cite this publication as: Brunt, A.A., Crabtree, K., Dallwitz, M.J., Gibbs, A.J., Watson, L. and Zurcher, E.J. (eds.) (1996 onwards). `Plant Viruses Online: Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database. Version: 20^th August 1996.' URL http://biology.anu.edu.au/Groups/MES/vide/

Dallwitz (1980) and Dallwitz, Paine and Zurcher (1993) should also be cited.