Plant Viruses Online   

Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database

Tomato golden mosaic bigeminivirus

Index

• Nomenclature
• Host range, transmission and symptoms
• Physical and biochemical properties
• Taxonomy and relationships
• Comments and References

Data collated by K.W. Buck, 1987.

Nomenclature

Synonyms

virus do mosaico dourado do tomateiro, possibly tomato yellow mosaic virus.

Acronym

TGMV

ICTV decimal code

29.0.3.0.038

Host range and symptoms

Natural host range and symptoms

• Lycopersicon esculentum - stunting and severely deformed young leaves and shoots; bright yellow mosaic.

Transmission

Transmitted by a vector; an insect; Bemisia tabaci; Aleyrodidae. Virus transmitted by mechanical inoculation; transmitted by grafting.

Ecology and control

Studies reported by Costa et al. (1976).

Geographical distribution

Spreads in Brazil.

Diagnostically susceptible host species and symptoms

• Nicotiana benthamiana - faint chlorotic systemic mottling then golden yellow mosaic, curling and malformation.
• Datura stramonium - yellow local lesions, then a systemic golden yellow mosaic especially around veins.

Diagnostically insusceptible host species

virus only known to infect Solanaceae; few other species tested.

Maintenance and propagation hosts

Nicotiana benthamiana, Nicotiana tabacum cv. Xanthi-nc.

Susceptible host species

• Datura stramonium
• Lycopersicon esculentum
• Nicotiana benthamiana
• Nicotiana clevelandii
• Nicotiana debneyi
• Nicotiana glutinosa
• Nicotiana tabacum
• Petunia × hybrida
• Physalis floridana
• Solanum pennellii

Insusceptible host species

• Phaseolus vulgaris
• Solanum nigrum
• Solanum tuberosum

Families containing susceptible hosts

• Solanaceae (10/12)

Families containing insusceptible hosts

• Leguminosae-Papilionoideae (1/1)
• Solanaceae (2/12)

Comments on host-range

Species listed as insusceptible have been tested by mechanical inoculation or grafting; infection by whitefly has not been tested.

Sources of host-range data

Costa et al. (1975); Costa (1976); Hamilton et al. (1981); Matyis et al. (1975).

Physical and biochemical properties

Properties of particles in sap

Leaf sap contains few virions.

Purification method

Stein et al. (1983).

Particle morphology

Virions geminate; not enveloped; 25 nm in diameter.

Physical properties

One sedimenting component in purified preparations. Density 1.34 in Cs₂SO₄; (unstable in CsCl).

Biochemical properties

Genome consists of DNA; single-stranded; circular. Total genome size 5.1 kb. Genome of two parts; largest (or only) genome part the larger 2.59 kb; the 2nd largest 2.51 kb. Genomic nucleic acid isolated by Hamilton et al. (1981). Base composition 23.4 % G (DNA A), or 21.5 % G (DNA B); 26 % A (DNA A), or 29 % A (DNA B); 19.8 % C (DNA A), or 18.7 % C (DNA B); 30.8 % T (DNA A), or 30.8 % T (DNA B). Infectivity retained when deproteinised with proteases; retained when deproteinised with phenol or detergent. Poly A region absent. Nucleotide sequence references: Hamilton et al. (1984).

NCBI sequence data (Entrez search)

Sequence database accession code(s)

• K02029 Em(40)_vi:GETGMVA Gb(84)_vi:MTGA Tomato golden mosaic virus, component A of complete genome. 4/90 2,588bp.
• K02030 Em(40)_vi:GETGMVB Gb(84)_vi:MTGB Tomato golden mosaic virus, component B of complete genome. 4/90 2,508bp.
• M73794 Em(40)_vi:GEMTGDNAB Gb(84)_vi:MTGDNAB Tomato golden mosaic virus DNA B gene, complete cds. 2/94 2,524bp.
• S44878 Em(40)_un:S44878 Gb(84)_vi:S44878 (5´end of AL61 RNA) tomato golden mosaic virus TGMV, mRNA Partial, 50 nt. 2/93 50bp.
• S44879 Em(40)_un:S44879 Gb(84)_vi:S44879 (5´end of AL2540 RNA) tomato golden mosaic virus TGMV, mRNA Partial, 50 nt. 2/93 50bp.
• S44890 Em(40)_un:S44890 Gb(84)_vi:S44890 (5´end of AL2515 RNA) tomato golden mosaic virus TGMV, mRNA Partial, 50 nt. 2/93 50bp.
• S44891 Em(40)_un:S44891 Gb(84)_vi:S44891 (5´end of AL1935 RNA) tomato golden mosaic virus TGMV, mRNA Partial, 50 nt. 2/93 50bp
• S44892 Em(40)_un:S44892 Gb(84)_vi:S44892 (5´end of AL1629 RNA) tomato golden mosaic virus TGMV, mRNA Partial, 50 nt. 2/93 50bp.
• X04485 Em(40)_vi:GETGMVS1 Gb(84)_vi:GETGMVS1 Tomato golden mosaic virus subgenomic DNA derived from DNA B cccds = covalently closed circul 9 sequences.

Features of the genome

Non-genomic nucleic acid found in the virions; is of an unusual type of structure; subgenomic DNA; single stranded DNA circles, formed by specific deletions in DNA B (Macdowell et al., 1986).

Features of proteins

Virion protein(s) one; M_r 28500; coat protein. Method of preparation: Stein (1985). Amino acid sequence: Stein (1985) and Hamilton et al. (1984).

Replication

Genome replicates in nuclei. Replication does not depend on a helper virus (DNA A will replicate alone and form virions in petunia plants transformed with dimers of DNA A using a Ti plasmid vector without causing symptoms; Rogers et al., 1986; Sunter et al., 1987).

Cytopathology

Virions found in phloem; in nuclei.

Taxonomy and relationships

bigeminivirus: Geminiviridae

Virus(es) with serologically related virions

African cassava mosaic, bean golden mosaic, euphorbia mosaic and squash leaf curl viruses, but distantly.

Virus(es) with serologically unrelated virions

Wheat dwarf, chloris striate mosaic, maize streak and tobacco yellow dwarf viruses.

Additional comments on relationships

Does not form pseudo-recombinants with African cassava mosaic virus. No host shared with bean golden mosaic virus. The DNAs of tomato golden mosaic and euphorbia mosaic viruses will hybridize. Nucleotide sequence of DNA A related to those of wheat dwarf, maize streak and beet curly top viruses (Macdowell et al., 1985; Mullineaux et al., 1985; Stanley et al., 1986).

Best tests for diagnosis

Monoclonal antibodies may be useful for diagnosis, see Thomas et al. (1986).

Comments and References

References

• Bisaro, O.M., Hamilton, W.D.O., Coutts, R.H.A. and Buck, K.W. (1982). Nucl. Acids Res. 10: 4913.
• Buck, K.W. and Coutts, R.H.A. (1985). CMI/AAB Descr. Pl. Viruses No. 303, 6 pp.
• Costa, A.S. (1976). Ann. Rev. Phytopath. 14: 429.
• Costa, A.S., Oliveira, A.R. and Silva, D.M. (1975). Abstr. 8th Congr. Soc. Bras. Fitopatol. Mossoro, Brazil.
• Hamilton, W.D.O., Sanders, R. and Coutts, R.H.A. (1981). FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 11: 263.
• Hamilton, W.D.O., Stein, V.E., Coutts, R.H.A. and Buck, K.W. (1984). EMBO. J. 3: 2197.
• Matyis, J.C., Silva, D.M., Oliveira, A.R. and Costa, A.S. (1975). Summa Phytopath. 1: 267.
• Macdowell, S.W., Macdonald, H., Hamilton, W.D.O., Coutts, R.H.A. and Buck, K.W. (1985) EMBO J. 4: 2173.
• Macdowell, S.W., Coutts, R.H.A. and Buck, K.W. (1986). Nucl. Acids Res. 14: 7967.
• Mullineaux, P.M., Donson, J., Stanley, J., Boulton, M.I., Morris-Krsinich, B.A.M., Markham, P.G. and Davies, J.W. (1985). Pl. Mol. Biol. 5: 125.
• Rogers, S.G., Bisaro, D.M., Horsch, R.B., Fraley, R.T., Hoffman, N.L., Brand, L., Elmer, J.S. and Lloyd, A.M. (1986). Cell 45: 593.
• Stanley, J., Markham, P.G., Callis, R.J. and Pinner, M.S. (1986). EMBO J. 5: 1761.
• Stein, V.E. (1985). Ph.D. Thesis, University of London, U.K..
• Stein, V.E., Coutts, R.H.A. and Buck, K.W. (1983). J. gen. Virol. 64: 2493.
• Sunter, G., Gardiner, W.E., Rushing, A.E., Rogers, S.G. and Bisaro, D.M. (1987). Pl. mol. Biol. 8: 477.
• Thomas, J.E., Massalski, P.R. and Harrison, B.D. (1986). J. gen. Virol. 67: 2739.

Cite this publication as: Brunt, A.A., Crabtree, K., Dallwitz, M.J., Gibbs, A.J., Watson, L. and Zurcher, E.J. (eds.) (1996 onwards). `Plant Viruses Online: Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database. Version: 20^th August 1996.' URL http://biology.anu.edu.au/Groups/MES/vide/

Dallwitz (1980) and Dallwitz, Paine and Zurcher (1993) should also be cited.