Plant Viruses Online   

Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database

Tomato black ring nepovirus

Index

• Nomenclature
• Host range, transmission and symptoms
• Physical and biochemical properties
• Taxonomy and relationships
• Comments and References

Data collated by B.D. Harrison, 1982. Revised 1983.

Nomenclature

Synonyms

bean ringspot virus, beet ringspot virus (Harrison, 1958), celery yellow vein virus (Hollings, 1960; 1965), lettuce ringspot virus (Hollings, 1965), potato bouquet virus, potato pseudo-aucuba virus.

Acronym

TBRV

ICTV decimal code

18.0.3.0.028

Host range and symptoms

Natural host range and symptoms

Symptoms disappear soon after infection.
• Allium porrum, Beta vulgaris, Lactuca sativa, Phaseolus vulgaris, Robinia pseudoacacia, Fraxinus sp., Rubus sp., Lycopersicon esculentum, Solanum tuberosum, Apium graveolens, Narcissus pseudonarcissus, Tulipa sp., Vitis sp., and many weed and endemic species. - necrotic rings, spots and flecks, systemic chlorotic ringspots, mottle, stunting, leaf malformation, vein yellowing.

Transmission

Transmitted by a vector; a nematode; Longidorus elongatus, L. attenuatus; Dorylamidae. Virus transmitted by mechanical inoculation; transmitted by grafting; transmitted by seed (10-100% depending on host); transmitted by pollen to the seed, or transmitted by pollen to the pollinated plant.

Geographical distribution

Spreads in Brazil, Canada, the former Czechoslovakia, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, India, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Kenya, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Romania, Sweden, Turkey, the UK, the USA, the former USSR, the former Yugoslavia. Found, but with no evidence of spread, in Japan.

Experimental host range

Many (>9) families susceptible.

Diagnostically susceptible host species and symptoms

• Beta vulgaris, Chenopodium amaranticolor, C. quinoa - necrotic local lesions, systemic chlorotic mottling, necrosis.
• Cucumis sativus - necrotic local lesions, systemic mottling, necrosis.
• Phaseolus vulgaris - chlorotic local lesions, systemic chlorotic mottling, necrosis, malformation.
• Lycopersicon esculentum - necrotic local lesions, systemic necrotic spotting, streaking, mottling and malformation.
• Nicotiana clevelandii - necrotic local lesions, systemic necrotic streaking, mottling and stunting.
• N. rustica, N. tabacum cvs White Burley, Xanthi-nc - necrotic and chlorotic local lesions, systemic necrotic spotting and streaking, mottling.
• Petunia × hybrida - chlorotic local lesions, systemic veinal necrosis or chlorosis.

Maintenance and propagation hosts

Cucumis sativus, Nicotiana clevelandii, N. tabacum.

Assay hosts (Local lesions or Whole plants)

Chenopodium amaranticolor, C. quinoa, Nicotiana tabacum.

Susceptible host species

• Allium porrum
• Amaranthus caudatus
• Amaranthus retroflexus
• Antirrhinum majus
• Apium graveolens
• Atriplex hortensis
• Bellis perennis
• Beta vulgaris
• Calendula officinalis
• Capsella bursa-pastoris
• Celosia argentea
• Chenopodium amaranticolor
• Chenopodium foetidum
• Chenopodium quinoa
• Coriandrum sativum
• Cucumis melo
• Cucumis sativus
• Cucurbita pepo (var. medullosa)
• Datura stramonium
• Daucus carota
• Emilia sagittata
• Fagopyrum esculentum
• Fraxinus
• Glycine max
• Gomphrena globosa
• Helianthus annuus
• Hyoscyamus niger
• Lactuca sativa
• Lens culinaris
• Lobelia erinus
• Lycopersicon esculentum
• Matthiola incana
• Myosotis sylvatica
• Narcissus pseudonarcissus
• Nicandra physalodes
• Nicotiana clevelandii
• Nicotiana rustica
• Nicotiana sylvestris
• Nicotiana tabacum
• Petunia × hybrida
• Phaseolus vulgaris
• Physalis floridana
• Phytolacca americana
• Pisum sativum
• Robinia pseudoacacia
• Rubus
• Salvia splendens
• Senecio vulgaris
• Solanum tuberosum
• Sonchus oleraceus
• Spinacia oleracea
• Stellaria media
• Tetragonia tetragonioides
• Torenia fournieri
• Trifolium repens
• Tropaeolum majus
• Tulipa
• Vicia faba
• Vigna unguiculata
• Vitis
• Zinnia elegans

Insusceptible host species

• Ageratum conyzoides
• Avena sativa
• Brassica campestris ssp. pekinensis
• Brassica campestris ssp. rapa
• Capsicum frutescens
• Cheiranthus cheiri
• Chenopodium album
• Chenopodium amaranticolor
• Chloris gayana
• Chrysanthemum morifolium
• Dahlia pinnata
• Dianthus barbatus
• Lathyrus odoratus
• Lycopersicon pimpinellifolium
• Medicago sativa
• Melilotus albus
• Nicotiana glutinosa
• Pastinaca sativa
• Petroselinum crispum
• Petunia × hybrida
• Trifolium pratense

Families containing susceptible hosts

• Alliaceae (1/1)
• Amaranthaceae (4/4)
• Amaryllidaceae (1/1)
• Boraginaceae (1/1)
• Campanulaceae (1/1)
• Caryophyllaceae (1/2)
• Chenopodiaceae (6/7)
• Compositae (8/11)
• Cruciferae (2/5)
• Cucurbitaceae (3 /3)
• Labiatae (1/1)
• Leguminosae-Papilionoideae (8/12)
• Liliaceae (1/1)
• Oleaceae (1/1)
• Phytolaccaceae (1/1)
• Polygonaceae (1/1)
• Rosaceae (1/1)
• Scrophulariaceae (2/2)
• Solanaceae (11 /14)
• Tetragoniaceae (1/1)
• Tropaeolaceae (1/1)
• Umbelliferae (3/5)
• Vitidaceae (1/1)

Families containing insusceptible hosts

• Caryophyllaceae (1/2)
• Chenopodiaceae (2/7)
• Compositae (3/11)
• Cruciferae (3/5)
• Gramineae (2/2)
• Leguminosae-Papilionoideae (4/12)
• Solanaceae (4/14)
• Umbelliferae (2/5)

Sources of host-range data

Schmelzer (1963); Hollings (1965); Thornberry (1966).

Physical and biochemical properties

Properties of particles in sap

TIP: 60-65 °C. LIV: 14-21 days. DEP: log₁₀ minus 3-4. Infectivity of sap not changed by treatment with di-ethyl ether. Leaf sap contains few virions.

Purification method

Mayo et al. (1979).

Particle morphology

Virions isometric; not enveloped; 26 nm in diameter; angular in profile; without a conspicuous capsomere arrangement.

Physical properties

Three sedimenting components in purified preparations; sedimentation coefficient of the fastest 121 S (B). Density 1.5 g cm^-3 in CsCl (B), or 1.44 g cm^-3 in CsCl (M), or 1.285 g cm^-3 in CsCl (T). A₂₆₀/A₂₈₀ ratio 1.78 (B), or 1.62 (M).

Biochemical properties

Virions contain 44 % nucleic acid (B), or 32 % nucleic acid (M), or 0 % nucleic acid (T); 56 % protein (B), or 68 % protein (M), or 100 % protein (T); 0 % lipid.

Genome consists of RNA; single-stranded; linear. Total genome size 13 kb. Genome of two parts; largest (or only) genome part the larger 8.2 kb; the 2nd largest 4.8 kb. 5´ terminus of RNA has a VPg. Infectivity lost when deproteinised with proteases; retained when deproteinised with phenol or detergent. Poly A region present; at 3´ end and 100 adjacent nucleotides of RNA-2. Nucleotide sequence references: Harrison (unpublished).

NCBI sequence data (Entrez search)

Sequence database accession code(s)

• D00322 Em(40)_vi:TBRRNA1 Gb(84)_vi:TBRRNA1 Tomato black ring virus (TBRV), RNA-1, complete cds. 3/91 7,356bp.
• X04062 Em(40)_vi:NETBRVR2 Gb(84)_vi:NETBRVR2 Tomato black ring virus strain S RNA-2. 9/93 4,662bp.
• X05304 Em(40)_vi:NETBRVC1 Gb(84)_vi:NETBRVC1 Tomato black ring virus strain C RNA-1 3´terminal region. 7/89 166bp.
• X05305 Em(40)_vi:NETBRVC2 Gb(84)_vi:NETBRVC2 Tomato black ring virus strain C RNA-2 3´terminal region. 7/89 151bp.
• X05306 Em(40)_vi:NETBRVG2 Gb(84)_vi:NETBRVG2 Tomato black ring virus strain G RNA-2 3´terminal region. 7/89 100bp.
• X05307 Em(40)_vi:NETBRVA2 Gb(84)_vi:NETBRVA2 Tomato black ring virus strain A RNA-1 3´terminal region. 7/89 163bp.
• X05308 Em(40)_vi:NETBRVA1 Gb(84)_vi:NETBRVA1 Tomato black ring virus strain A RNA-2 3´terminal region. 11/87 127bp.
• X80831 Gb(84)n:TBRVEDRN2 Tomato black ring Virus (strain ED) genomic RNA-2. 8/94 4,618bp.

Features of the genome

Non-genomic nucleic acid found in the virions; is satellite RNA (1.515kb in size; satellite RNAs of TBRV-G and TBRV-S differ in nucleotide sequence).

Features of proteins

Virion protein(s) two, or one (possibly); M_r of the larger 58000; coat protein. M_r of 2nd largest 4000; VPg.

Replication

Replication does not depend on a helper virus.

Cytopathology

Virions found in all parts of the host plant and particularly in the mesophyll; in cytoplasm and in cell vacuoles; tubules extending through plasmodesmata, which is possibly a sign of degenerating nuclei. Inclusions present in infected cells; are unusual in shape; vesicles; they contain virions. Other cellular changes: virions in single files and tubules which are surrounded by a single membrane.

Taxonomy and relationships

Nepovirus: Comoviridae

Virus(es) with serologically related virions

Cacao necrosis and grapevine chrome mosaic viruses, but distantly.

Comments and References

References

• Greif, C., Hemmer, O. and Fritsch, C. (1988). J. gen. Virol. 69: 1517.
• Harrison, B.D. (1957). Ann. appl. Biol. 45: 462.
• Harrison, B.D. (1958). J. gen. Microbiol. 18: 450.
• Harrison, B.D., Mowat, W.P. and Taylor, W.P. (1961). Virology 14: 480.
• Hollings, M. (1960). Rep. Glasshouse Crops Res. Inst. 1959, p. 73.
• Hollings, M. (1965). Ann. appl. Biol. 55: 459.
• Mayo, M.A., Barker, H. and Harrison, B.D. (1979). J. gen. Virol. 43: 603.
• Meyer, M., Hemmer, O., Mayo, M.A. and Fritsch, C. (1986). J. gen. Virol. 67: 1257.
• Murant, A.F. (1970). CMI/AAB Descr. Pl. Viruses No. 38, 4 pp.
• Murant, A.F., Mayo, M.A., Harrison, B.D. and Goold, R.A. (1973). J. gen. Virol. 19: 275.
• Murant, A.F., Taylor, M., Duncan, G.H. and Raschke, S.H. (1981). J. gen. Virol. 53: 321.
• Najarian, R.C. and Bruening, G. (1980). Virology 106: 301.
• Randles, J.W., Harrison, B.D., Murant, A.F. and Mayo, M.A. (1977). J. gen. Virol. 36: 187.
• Schmelzer, K.M. (1963). Phytopath. Z. 46: 235.
• Smith (1946). Parasitol. 37: 126.
• Stace-Smith, R. (1970). CMI/AAB Descr. Pl. Viruses No. 18, 4 pp.
• Thornberry, H.H. (1966). In: Index of Plant Virus Diseases. U.S. Dep. Agric. Hdbk No. 307, p.323.

Cite this publication as: Brunt, A.A., Crabtree, K., Dallwitz, M.J., Gibbs, A.J., Watson, L. and Zurcher, E.J. (eds.) (1996 onwards). `Plant Viruses Online: Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database. Version: 20^th August 1996.' URL http://biology.anu.edu.au/Groups/MES/vide/

Dallwitz (1980) and Dallwitz, Paine and Zurcher (1993) should also be cited.