Plant Viruses Online   

Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database

Tobacco stunt varicosavirus

Index

• Nomenclature
• Host range, transmission and symptoms
• Physical and biochemical properties
• Taxonomy and relationships
• Comments and References

Data collated by S. Kuwata, 1985. Revised 1989.

Nomenclature

Acronym

TStV

ICTV decimal code

79.0.P.3.001

Host range and symptoms

Natural host range and symptoms

Symptoms vary seasonally.
• Nicotiana tabacum - stunting, vein necrosis, necrotic leaf spotting.

Transmission

Transmitted by a vector; a fungus; Olpidium brassicae; Chytridiales. Virus does not require a helper virus for vector transmission; transmitted by mechanical inoculation; transmitted by grafting; not transmitted by contact between plants; not transmitted by seed; not transmitted by pollen.

Geographical distribution

Spreads in Japan.

Experimental host range

Several (3-9) families susceptible.

Diagnostically susceptible host species and symptoms

• Chenopodium amaranticolor, Cyamopsis tetragonoloba, Nicotiana tabacum cv. Burley 21 - necrotic leaf spotting.
• Nicotiana tabacum cv. Xanthi-nc - faint leaf spotting.
• Tetragonia tetragonioides - yellow leaf spotting; not systemic.

Diagnostically insusceptible host species

Brassica oleracea, Lactuca sativa, Capsicum annuum.

Maintenance and propagation hosts

Nicotiana tabacum cvs Burley 21, Bright Yellow.

Assay hosts (Local lesions or Whole plants)

Chenopodium amaranticolor (L), Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L), Nicotiana glutinosa (L,W), N. tabacum (L,W), Tetragonia tetragonioides (L).

Susceptible host species

• Beta vulgaris
• Catharanthus roseus
• Chenopodium album
• Chenopodium amaranticolor
• Chenopodium quinoa
• Cucumis sativus
• Cyamopsis tetragonoloba
• Datura stramonium
• Datura tatula
• Dianthus caryophyllus
• Glycine max
• Gomphrena globosa
• Lycopersicon esculentum
• Nicotiana benthamiana
• Nicotiana debneyi
• Nicotiana glutinosa
• Nicotiana megalosiphon
• Nicotiana rustica
• Nicotiana sylvestris
• Nicotiana tabacum
• Petunia × hybrida
• Physalis floridana
• Pisum sativum
• Solanum tuberosum
• Spinacia oleracea
• Tetragonia tetragonioides

Insusceptible host species

• Antirrhinum majus
• Apium graveolens
• Arachis hypogaea
• Brassica campestris ssp. napus
• Brassica oleracea
• Brassica oleracea var. botrytis
• Brassica oleracea var. capitata
• Calendula officinalis
• Capsicum annuum
• Celosia argentea
• Cucurbita pepo
• Cyamopsis tetragonoloba
• Daucus carota
• Lactuca sativa
• Medicago sativa
• Nicotiana bigelovii
• Nicotiana clevelandii
• Petroselinum crispum
• Phaseolus vulgaris
• Phytolacca americana
• Raphanus sativus
• Solanum demissum
• Trifolium hybridum
• Trifolium pratense
• Triticum aestivum
• Vicia faba
• Zea mays
• Zinnia elegans

Families containing susceptible hosts

• Amaranthaceae (1/2)
• Apocynaceae (1/1)
• Caryophyllaceae (1/1)
• Chenopodiaceae (5/5)
• Cucurbitaceae (1/2)
• Leguminosae-Papilionoideae (3/9)
• Solanaceae (13/17)
• Tetragoniaceae (1/1)

Families containing insusceptible hosts

• Amaranthaceae (1/2)
• Compositae (3/3)
• Cruciferae (5/5)
• Cucurbitaceae (1/2)
• Gramineae (2/2)
• Leguminosae-Papilionoideae (7/9)
• Phytolaccaceae (1/1)
• Scrophulariaceae (1/1)
• Solanaceae (4 /17)
• Umbelliferae (3/3)

Sources of host-range data

Hiruki (1975).

Physical and biochemical properties

Properties of particles in sap

TIP: 40-50 °C (sap transmissible only after addition of reducing agents such as 0.01M Na₂SO₃). LIV: 1 days. DEP: log₁₀ minus 3-4. Leaf sap contains few virions. Electron microscopy: fixation with glutaraldehyde necessary.

Purification method

Kuwata and Kubo (1981).

Particle morphology

Virions rod-shaped; not enveloped; usually straight; with a clear modal length; of 300 and 340 nm; 18 nm wide. Axial canal obvious; 3.5 nm in diameter. Basic helix obvious; pitch of basic helix 5 nm.

Physical properties

Density 1.27 in Cs₂SO₄.

Biochemical properties

Genome consists of RNA; double-stranded; linear. Total genome size 11.98 kb (pairs). Genome of two parts; largest (or only) genome part the larger 6.35 kb (pairs); the 2nd largest 5.63 kb (pairs).

Features of proteins

Virion protein(s) one; M_r 48000; coat protein.

Replication

Replication does not depend on a helper virus.

Cytopathology

Virions found in all parts of the host plant; in cytoplasm. Inclusions absent from infected cells.

Taxonomy and relationships

varicosavirus

Additional comments on relationships

Virions of the virus are closely serologically related to those of lettuce big vein virus, but as the two differ in host range, they are considered as distinct species, rather than related strains (Kuwata and Kubo, 1986).

Comments and References

References

• Hidaka, Z. (1950). Ann. Phytopath. Soc. Japan 15: 40.
• Hidaka, Z., Hiruki, C., Nakano, K., Shimizu, T. and Uozumi, T. (1956). Bull. Hatano Tobacco Exp. Stn 40: 1.
• Hiruki, C. (1965). Virology 25: 288.
• Hiruki, C. (1975). Can. J. Bot. 53: 2425.
• Kuwata, S. and Kubo, S. (1981). Ann. Phytopath. Soc. Japan 47: 264.
• Kuwata, S. and Kubo, S. (1986). AAB Descr. Pl. Viruses No. 313, 4 pp.

Cite this publication as: Brunt, A.A., Crabtree, K., Dallwitz, M.J., Gibbs, A.J., Watson, L. and Zurcher, E.J. (eds.) (1996 onwards). `Plant Viruses Online: Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database. Version: 20^th August 1996.' URL http://biology.anu.edu.au/Groups/MES/vide/

Dallwitz (1980) and Dallwitz, Paine and Zurcher (1993) should also be cited.