Plant Viruses Online   

Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database

Tamarillo mosaic potyvirus

Index

• Nomenclature
• Host range, transmission and symptoms
• Physical and biochemical properties
• Taxonomy and relationships
• Comments and References

Data collated by D.W. Mossop, 1988.

Nomenclature

Synonyms

tomato tree virus, Cyphomandra virus.

Acronym

TamMV

ICTV decimal code

57.0.1.0.065

Host range and symptoms

Natural host range and symptoms

Symptoms vary seasonally.
• Cyphomandra betacea - vein-banding and mosaic, fruit blotching.
• Solanum nigrum - usually symptomless, sometimes leaf blotching.

Transmission

Transmitted by a vector; an insect; Myzus persicae; Aphididae. Transmitted in a non-persistent manner. Virus transmitted by mechanical inoculation; transmitted by grafting; not transmitted by contact between plants; not transmitted by seed; not transmitted by pollen.

Ecology and control

Studies reported by Mossop (1977).

Geographical distribution

Spreads in New Zealand.

Experimental host range

Few (<3) families susceptible.

Diagnostically susceptible host species and symptoms

• Nicotiana glutinosa - systemic necrosis and, usually, plant death.
• N. clevelandii, N. rustica and N. tabacum - systemic vein-clearing and mosaic.

Maintenance and propagation hosts

Nicotiana clevelandii, N. glutinosa.

Assay hosts (Local lesions or Whole plants)

Nicotiana glutinosa (W).

Susceptible host species

• Cyphomandra betacea
• Lycopersicon esculentum
• Nicotiana clevelandii
• Nicotiana glutinosa
• Nicotiana rustica
• Nicotiana tabacum
• Nicotiana × edwardsonii
• Petunia × hybrida
• Solanum nigrum

Insusceptible host species

• Beta vulgaris
• Brassica campestris ssp. pekinensis
• Calendula officinalis
• Capsicum annuum
• Chenopodium amaranticolor
• Chenopodium quinoa
• Cucumis sativus
• Datura stramonium
• Ipomoea setosa
• Lactuca sativa
• Lupinus angustifolius
• Nicotiana sylvestris
• Phaseolus vulgaris
• Pisum sativum
• Solanum melongena
• Solanum tuberosum
• Spinacia oleracea
• Trifolium repens
• Vicia faba
• Zea mays
• Zinnia elegans

Families containing susceptible hosts

• Solanaceae (9/14)

Families containing insusceptible hosts

• Chenopodiaceae (4/4)
• Compositae (3/3)
• Convolvulaceae (1/1)
• Cruciferae (1/1)
• Cucurbitaceae (1/1)
• Gramineae (1/1)
• Leguminosae-Papilionoideae (5/5)
• Solanaceae (5/14)

Sources of host-range data

Mossop (1977).

Physical and biochemical properties

Properties of particles in sap

TIP: 55-60 °C. LIV: 2 days. DEP: log₁₀ minus 3-4. Leaf sap contains few virions.

Purification method

Mossop (1977).

Particle morphology

Virions filamentous; not enveloped; usually flexuous; with a clear modal length; of 745 nm; 12 nm wide. Axial canal obscure. Basic helix obscure.

Physical properties

One sedimenting component in purified preparations; sedimentation coefficient 148 S (»3).

Biochemical properties

Virions contain 6 % nucleic acid (based on A₂₆₀/A₂₈₀ values).

Genome consists of RNA; single-stranded; linear; unipartite. Infectivity retained when deproteinised with phenol or detergent. Poly A region present; probably at the 3´ end. Additional factor not required for infectivity.

NCBI sequence data (Entrez search)

Sequence database accession code(s)

• X54804 Em(40)_vi:TAMVCPG Gb(84)_vi:TAMVCPG Tamarillo mosaic virus gene for the coat protein. 4/91 1,066bp 1 sequence.

Features of proteins

Virion protein(s) one; M_r 30000; coat protein.

Replication

Replication does not depend on a helper virus.

Cytopathology

Virions found in all parts of the host plant; in cytoplasm. Inclusions present in infected cells; are pinwheels; they do not contain virions.

Taxonomy and relationships

Potyvirus: Potyviridae

Virus(es) with serologically unrelated virions

Potato Y, turnip mosaic, bean yellow mosaic, lettuce mosaic, passionfruit woodiness and tobacco etch viruses.

Additional comments on relationships

Originally incorrectly identified as potato virus Y in tree tomato, furthermore PVY does not protect tamarillo against tamarillo mosaic potyvirus.

Best tests for diagnosis

Tamarillo mosaic virus is often in mixed infections with potato aucuba mosaic virus, which depends on TaMV for aphid transmission. PaMV causes severe necrosis of Capsicum frutescens, but no host species is known that separates them.

Comments and References

References

• Chamberlain, E.E. (1954). Plant Viruses in New Zealand. Bulletin DSIR, No.108, p.129.
• Mossop, D.W. (1977). N. Z. Jl agric. Res. 20: 535.
• McLean, G.D. and Mossop, D.W. (1988). In: The Plant Viruses; Vol. 4, The Filamentous Viruses, p. 401; ed R.G. Milne. Plenum Press, New York.

Cite this publication as: Brunt, A.A., Crabtree, K., Dallwitz, M.J., Gibbs, A.J., Watson, L. and Zurcher, E.J. (eds.) (1996 onwards). `Plant Viruses Online: Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database. Version: 20^th August 1996.' URL http://biology.anu.edu.au/Groups/MES/vide/

Dallwitz (1980) and Dallwitz, Paine and Zurcher (1993) should also be cited.