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Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database

Swordbean distortion mosaic potyvirus

Index

• Nomenclature
• Host range, transmission and symptoms
• Physical and biochemical properties
• Taxonomy and relationships
• Comments and References

Data collated by V.R. Mali, 1987. Revised 1989.

Nomenclature

Synonyms

swordbean mosaic virus.

Acronym

SBDMV

ICTV decimal code

57.0.1.T.080

Host range and symptoms

Natural host range and symptoms

• Canavalia ensiformis, C. virosa, C. ensiformis × C. virosa - mosaic, leaf deformation, shoe-stringing, small deformed pods, stunting.
• Canavalia gladiata - mosaic, mottling and slight leaf deformation.

Transmission

Transmitted by a vector; an insect; Aphis gossypii, Dactynotus sonchi, Myzus persicae, Rhopalosiphum maidis; Aphididae. Transmitted in a non-persistent manner. Virus transmitted by mechanical inoculation; transmitted by grafting; not transmitted by contact between plants; not transmitted by seed.

Ecology and control

Studies reported by Mali (1979, 1985); Mali et al. (1983); Raut (1981).

Geographical distribution

Spreads in India (Maharashtra and Karnataka States).

Experimental host range

Several (3-9) families susceptible.

Diagnostically susceptible host species and symptoms

• Canavalia gladiata - veinal necrosis; systemic mosaic, mottling, veinal necrosis and slight leaf deformation.
• Canavalia virosa - veinal chlorosis; mosaic and systemic leaf deformation.
• Phaseolus vulgaris, Glycine max - chlorotic or necrotic local lesions, veinal necrosis; systemic mosaic mottling and slight puckering.
• Cicer arietinum, Trigonella foenum-graecum - systemic mosaic and leaf deformation.
• Vigna unguiculata - systemic mosaic.
• Chenopodium album - faint chlorotic local lesions; not systemic.

Diagnostically insusceptible host species

Chenopodium amaranticolor, C. quinoa, Arachis hypogaea, Nicotiana glutinosa, Phaseolus vulgaris cv. Top Crop, Solanum nigrum.

Maintenance and propagation hosts

Canavalia ensiformis, Phaseolus vulgaris, Cicer arietinum.

Assay hosts (Local lesions or Whole plants)

Phaseolus vulgaris (W), Cicer arietinum (W).

Susceptible host species

• Cajanus cajan
• Canavalia ensiformis
• Canavalia ensiformis × C. virosa
• Canavalia gladiata
• Canavalia virosa
• Chenopodium album
• Cicer arietinum
• Cyamopsis tetragonoloba
• Glycine max
• Phaseolus lunatus
• Phaseolus vulgaris
• Pisum sativum
• Trigonella foenum-graecum
• Vigna radiata
• Vigna unguiculata
• Vigna unguiculata ssp. cylindrica
• Vigna unguiculata ssp. sesquipedalis

Insusceptible host species

• Arachis hypogaea
• Beta vulgaris
• Capsicum annuum
• Carthamus tinctorius
• Chenopodium amaranticolor
• Chenopodium murale
• Chenopodium quinoa
• Cucumis sativus
• Helianthus annuus
• Lablab purpureus
• Lactuca sativa
• Lens culinaris
• Lycopersicon esculentum
• Medicago sativa
• Nicotiana glutinosa
• Nicotiana rustica
• Nicotiana tabacum
• Ocimum basilicum
• Petunia × hybrida
• Phaseolus vulgaris (cv. Top Crop)
• Sesamum indicum
• Solanum melongena
• Solanum nigrum
• Spinacia oleracea
• Vicia faba

Families containing susceptible hosts

• Chenopodiaceae (1/6)
• Leguminosae-Papilionoideae (16/21)

Families containing insusceptible hosts

• Chenopodiaceae (5/6)
• Compositae (3/3)
• Cucurbitaceae (1/1)
• Labiatae (1/1)
• Leguminosae-Papilionoideae (6/21)
• Pedaliaceae (1/1)
• Solanaceae (8/8)

Sources of host-range data

Mali (1979, 1985); Mali et al. (1985); Raut (1981).

Physical and biochemical properties

Properties of particles in sap

TIP: 65-70 °C. LIV: 2 days. DEP: log₁₀ minus 5-6. Leaf sap contains few virions.

Purification method

Mali (1985).

Particle morphology

Virions filamentous; not enveloped; usually flexuous; with a clear modal length; of 790 nm; 11 nm wide. Axial canal obscure.

Cytopathology

Inclusions cytoplasmic cylindrical present in infected cells; are pinwheels and unusual in shape; scrolls, resembling those of sub-division I type (Edwardson, 1974).

Taxonomy and relationships

Potyvirus: Potyviridae

Virus(es) with serologically related virions

Bean common mosaic, bean yellow mosaic, peanut mottle, soybean mosaic and wisteria vein mosaic viruses.

Virus(es) with serologically unrelated virions

Blackeye cowpea mosaic, celery mosaic, datura distortion mosaic, henbane mosaic, papaya ringspot, potato Y and watermelon mosaic 2 viruses.

Additional comments on relationships

Although serologically related to five potyviruses, swordbean distortion mosaic virus is distinguished from them by its host range and symptomatology.

Best tests for diagnosis

Insusceptibility of Chenopodium amaranticolor and C. quinoa aids the distinction of the swordbean distortion mosaic virus from a similar virus (probably caused by a strain of bean yellow mosaic virus) infecting Canavalia ensiformis in India.

Comments and References

References

• Edwardson, J.R. (1974). Fla Agric. Exp. Stn Monog. No. 4, p. 1.
• Hollings, M. and Brunt, A.A. (1981). CMI/AAB Descr. Pl. Viruses No. 245, 7 pp.
• Mali, V.R. (1979). Curr. Sci. 48: 162.
• Mali, V.R. (1985). Int. J. Trop. Pl. Dis. 3: 93.
• Mali, V.R., Nirmal, D.D., Mundhe, G.E., Vyanjane, N.T. and Raut, K.G. (1983). Abstr. Papers Virol. Conf. Publ. HAU, Hissar p. 41.
• Raut, K.G. (1981). M.Sc. Thesis, M.A.U., Parbhani, M.S., India.
• Rodriguez, R.L., Bird, J., Monllor, A.C., Waterworth, H.E., Kimura, M. and Maramorosch, K. (1975). In: Tropical Diseases of Legumes p. 91; eds J. Bird and K. Maramorosch. Academic Press, New York.
• Silberschmidt, K. and Nobrega, N.R. (1943). O. Biologica 8: 129.

Cite this publication as: Brunt, A.A., Crabtree, K., Dallwitz, M.J., Gibbs, A.J., Watson, L. and Zurcher, E.J. (eds.) (1996 onwards). `Plant Viruses Online: Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database. Version: 20^th August 1996.' URL http://biology.anu.edu.au/Groups/MES/vide/

Dallwitz (1980) and Dallwitz, Paine and Zurcher (1993) should also be cited.