Plant Viruses Online   

Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database

Sugarcane streak monogeminivirus

Index

• Nomenclature
• Host range, transmission and symptoms
• Physical and biochemical properties
• Taxonomy and relationships
• Comments and References

Data collated by F. Hughes, 1991.

Nomenclature

Acronym

SSV

Strains

Natal (type) and Mauritius.

ICTV decimal code

29.0.1.0.010

Host range and symptoms

Natural host range and symptoms

Symptoms persist. Symptoms chlorotic spots and narrow chlorotic streaks.
• Cenchrus echinatus, Saccharum officinarum - narrow, elongated chlorotic spots and streaks.

Transmission

Transmitted by a vector; an insect; Cicadulina mbila, C. bipunctata bipunctata. C. bipunctella-zeae; Cicadellidae. Principal natural vector(s): Cicadulina mbila, C. bipunctata bipunctata, C. bipunctella-zeae. Transmitted in a non-persistent manner, or in a semi-persistent manner. Virus retained when the vector moults; does not multiply in the vector; not transmitted congenitally to the progeny of the vector; does not require a helper virus for vector transmission; not transmitted by mechanical inoculation; not transmitted by grafting; not transmitted by contact between plants; not transmitted by seed; not transmitted by pollen.

Geographical distribution

Spreads in Benin, Cape Verde, Cote d'Ivoire, Egypt, India, Kenya, Malawi, Mauritius, Mozambique, Pakistan, Reunion, Sudan, Uganda, and Zimbabwe.

Experimental host range

Several (3-9) families susceptible. Experimentally infected plants mostly show mild chlorotic streaks and spots.

Diagnostically susceptible host species and symptoms

• Saccharum officinarum - yellow and white streaks.
• Cenchrus echinatus.
• Eleusine indica - mild permanent leaf streaks.
• Zea mays - mild, short, pale streaks.

Diagnostically insusceptible host species

Digitaria horizontalis.

Maintenance and propagation hosts

Saccharum officinarum, Zea mays.

Susceptible host species

• Cenchrus echinatus
• Eleusine indica
• Saccharum officinarum
• Zea mays

Insusceptible host species

• Digitaria horizontalis

Families containing susceptible hosts

• Gramineae (4/5)

Families containing insusceptible hosts

• Gramineae (1/5)

Sources of host-range data

McClean (1947); Pinner et al. (1988).

Physical and biochemical properties

Properties of particles in sap

LIV: 7 days. Leaf sap contains many virions.

Purification method

Bock and Bailey (1989); Pinner et al. (1988).

Particle morphology

Virions geminate; not enveloped; 20 nm in diameter; 30 nm in length.

Physical properties

Sedimentation coefficient 76 S.

Biochemical properties

Virions 0 % lipid.

Genome consists of DNA; single-stranded; circular. Total genome size 2.76 kb. Genome unipartite; largest (or only) genome part 2.76 kb. Genomic nucleic acid isolated by Hayes et al. (1988). Base composition 27.7 % G; 21.8 % A; 23.1 % C; 28.1 % T. Nucleotide sequence references: GENBANK database accession number M33829.

NCBI sequence data (Entrez search)

Sequence database accession code(s)

• D00597 Em(40)_vi:SSVL1 Gb(84)_vi:SSVL1 Sugarcane streak virus, L1'' gene encoding replication associated protein. 3/91 254bp.
• M82918 Em(40)_vi:GESSV4ORF Gb(84)_vi:SSV4ORFS Sugarcane streak virus (strain Natal) DNA. 2/94 2,758bp.
• S64567 Em(40)_vi:S64567 Gb(84)_un:S64567 11.16 kda orf(V1)...34.9 kda orf(C1) sugarcane streak virus SSV, Genomic Complete, 4 genes, 3 sequences.

Features of the genome

Features of the genome: 2 virion sense ORFs encoding proteins of 11,000 and 27,000 Mr; the smaller ORF has homology with V1 of MSV (transport protein), and the larger with V2 of MSV (capsid protein). There are two ORFs in the complementary strand; C1 encoding a protein of 34,940 Mr and C2 of 17,000 Mr, these, like other monogeminiviruses, may be spliced to give c', which encodes the replicase protein of 41,000 Mr. There is a TATA box upstream of V1 and upstream of C1, and a AATAA consensus polyadenylation signal downstream of C2 and of V2. Sequence with homology to the core upstream activator sequence of MSV is upstream of C1. There are two intergenic regions. The large one is between the starts of C1 and V1 and contains promoter sequences and a conserved stem and loop structure with the TAATATTAC sequence common to all geminivirus genomes. The small intergenic region lies between the termini of V2 and C2 and contains AATAA sequences and a possible binding site of about 72 nucleotides in the genomic strand for an endogenous DNA primer molecule.

Non-genomic nucleic acid not found in the virions.

Features of proteins

Virion protein(s) one; M_r 28000; capsid protein.

Replication

Genome replicates in nuclei. Replication does not depend on a helper virus.

Cytopathology

Virions found in leaves, mesophyll, meristem and phloem; in nuclei. Inclusions present in infected cells; are unusual in shape; non-crystalline.

Taxonomy and relationships

monogeminivirus: Geminiviridae

Virus(es) with serologically related virions

Digitaria streak and maize streak viruses.

Differences between type strain and others

The Mauritius strain is milder and induces finer streak symptoms.

Additional comments on relationships

Until recently sugarcane streak geminivirus was considered to be a strain of maize streak virus.

Best tests for diagnosis

Serology (Pinner and Markham, 1990; Peterschmitt et al., 1991), transmission to maize and sugarcane and symptoms (Bock and Bailey, 1989).

Comments and References

References

• Bock, K.R. and Bailey, R.A. (1989). In: Diseases of Sugarcane; Major Diseases, p. 322; eds C. Ricaud, B.T. Egan, A.G. Gillespie Jr. and G.C. Hughes. Elsevier/North Holland, Amsterdam, Oxford, New York, Tokyo.
• Hatta, T. and Francki, R.I.B. (1979). Virology 92: 428.
• Hayes, R.J., MacDonald, H., Coutts, R.H.A. and Buck, K.W. (1988). J. gen. Virol. 69: 1345.
• Hughes, F.L., Rybicki, E.P., Kirby, R. and Von Wechmar, M.B. (1990). Intervirology 32: 19.
• McClean, A.P.D. (1947). S.A. Dep. Agric. Sci. Bull. 265: 33 pp.
• Peterschmitt, M., Reynaud, B., Sommermeyer, G. and Baudin, P. (1991). Plant Dis. 75: 27.
• Pinner, M.S., Markham, P.G., Markham, R.H. and Dekker, E.L. (1988). Pl. Path. 37: 74.
• Storey, H.H (1925). S. Afr. Sugar Technol. Assoc. 4: 69.

Cite this publication as: Brunt, A.A., Crabtree, K., Dallwitz, M.J., Gibbs, A.J., Watson, L. and Zurcher, E.J. (eds.) (1996 onwards). `Plant Viruses Online: Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database. Version: 20^th August 1996.' URL http://biology.anu.edu.au/Groups/MES/vide/

Dallwitz (1980) and Dallwitz, Paine and Zurcher (1993) should also be cited.