Plant Viruses Online   

Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database

Subterranean clover red leaf luteovirus

Index

• Nomenclature
• Host range, transmission and symptoms
• Physical and biochemical properties
• Taxonomy and relationships
• Comments and References

Data collated by G.R. Johnstone, P.M. Waterhouse, 1980; J.W. Ashby 1980. Revised 1984.

Nomenclature

Synonyms

clover subterranean red leaf virus, soybean dwarf luteovirus (Ashby and Kyriakou, 1982; Johnstone and McLean, 1987).

ICTV decimal code

39.0.1.0.015

Host range and symptoms

Natural host range and symptoms

Symptoms persist.
• Erodium moschatum, Trifolium repens, T. subterraneum, Pisum sativum, Vicia faba, Lupinus spp., Glycine max, Lens culinaris - mild yellowing, stunting and reddening.

Transmission

Transmitted by a vector; an insect; Acyrthosiphon (Aulacorthum) solani, Neomyzus circumflexus, Acyrthosiphon pisum, Macrosiphum euphorbiae (in New Zealand); Aphididae. Transmitted in a persistent manner. Virus retained when the vector moults; does not multiply in the vector; not transmitted congenitally to the progeny of the vector; not transmitted by mechanical inoculation; not transmitted by contact between plants; not transmitted by seed; not transmitted by pollen.

Geographical distribution

Spreads in Australia, New Zealand, and the USA (in California).

Experimental host range

Several (3-9) families susceptible.

Diagnostically susceptible host species and symptoms

• Gomphrena globosa - slight leaf reddening.
• Beta vulgaris - systemic yellowing.
• Erodium cicutarium - systemic reddening.
• Glycine max cv. Shirotsuronoko - interveinal yellowing, leaves rolled down.
• Lupinus cosentinii - systemic yellowing and reddening.
• Phaseolus vulgaris cvs Galatin 50, Tendergreen, Top Crop - interveinal chlorosis, leaf puckering, leaves rolled down.
• Pisum sativum cvs Laxton superb, Onyx, Puget - general yellowing, leaves brittle, leaves rolled.
• Trifolium hybridum and T. repens - systemic infection but few or no symptoms.
• T. subterraneum - leaf reddening.

Diagnostically insusceptible host species

Brassica campestris ssp. rapa, Capsella bursa-pastoris, Arachis hypogaea, Lathyrus odoratus, Trifolium pratense.

Maintenance and propagation hosts

Pisum sativum cvs Onyx, Puget.

Assay hosts (Local lesions or Whole plants)

Pisum sativum cvs Onyx, Puget, Trifolium subterraneum cvs Bacchus Marsh, Geraldton, Mt Barker (W).

Susceptible host species

• Astragalus sinicus
• Beta vulgaris
• Erodium cicutarium
• Erodium moschatum
• Glycine max
• Gomphrena globosa
• Lactuca sativa
• Lens culinaris
• Lupinus albus
• Lupinus cosentinii
• Medicago hispida
• Phaseolus vulgaris
• Pisum sativum
• Senecio vulgaris
• Trifolium hybridum
• Trifolium repens
• Trifolium subterraneum
• Vicia faba
• Vicia sativa
• Zinnia elegans

Insusceptible host species

• Arachis hypogaea
• Brassica campestris ssp. napus
• Brassica campestris ssp. rapa
• Capsella bursa-pastoris
• Chenopodium amaranticolor
• Chenopodium quinoa
• Cicer arietinum
• Lathyrus odoratus
• Linum usitatissimum
• Medicago sativa
• Melilotus albus
• Stellaria media
• Trifolium hybridum
• Trifolium incarnatum
• Trifolium pratense
• Vigna unguiculata

Families containing susceptible hosts

• Amaranthaceae (1/1)
• Chenopodiaceae (1/3)
• Compositae (3/3)
• Geraniaceae (2/2)
• Leguminosae-Papilionoideae (13/21)

Families containing insusceptible hosts

• Caryophyllaceae (1/1)
• Chenopodiaceae (2/3)
• Cruciferae (3/3)
• Leguminosae-Papilionoideae (9/21)
• Linaceae (1/1)

Sources of host-range data

Kellock (1971); Kellock (unpublished data).

Physical and biochemical properties

Properties of particles in sap

TIP: 55-60 °C. LIV: 14 days. DEP: log₁₀ minus 2. Leaf sap contains few virions.

Purification method

Waterhouse and Helms (1984); Ashby and Kyriakou (1982). Add 1-1.5% cellulase when using standard luteovirus purification method.

Particle morphology

Virions isometric; not enveloped; 27 nm in diameter, or 30 nm in diameter; angular in profile; without a conspicuous capsomere arrangement.

Physical properties

One sedimenting component in purified preparations (dimers often found); sedimentation coefficient 114 S. Density 1.39 g cm^-3 in CsCl.

Biochemical properties

Virions contain 28-30 % nucleic acid; 70-72 % protein; 0 % lipid.

Genome consists of RNA; single-stranded; linear. Total genome size 5.86 kb. Genome unipartite; largest (or only) genome part 5.86 kb.

NCBI sequence data (Entrez search)

Features of proteins

Virion protein(s) one; M_r 22600, or 25000. Method of preparation: Ashby and Kyriakou (1982). Amino acid composition: Waterhouse and Kortt in Waterhouse et al. (1987).

Replication

Replication does not depend on a helper virus.

Cytopathology

Virions found in phloem and companion cells in transfer cells; in cytoplasm, in nuclei, and in cell vacuoles. Inclusions absent from infected cells. Other cellular changes: small vesicles with stranded material.

Taxonomy and relationships

Luteovirus

Virus(es) with serologically related virions

Soybean dwarf virus, so closely that it is probably the same species; bean leaf roll, beet western yellows and potato leafroll more distantly.

Comments and References

References

• Anon. (1968). J. Dep. Agric. Vic. 66: 182.
• Ashby, J.W. and Kyriakou, A. (1982). N.Z. Jl agric. Res. 25: 607.
• Ashby, J.W., Teh, P.B. and Close, R.C. (1979). N.Z. Jl agric. Res. 22: 361.
• Jayasena, K.W., Hatta, T., Francki, R.I.B. and Randles, J.W. (1981). J. gen. Virol. 57: 205.
• Johnstone, G.R. (1978). Aust. J. agric. Res. 29: 1003.
• Johnstone, G.R., Duffus, J.E., Munro, D. and Ashby, J.W. (1982). Aust. J. agric. Res. 33: 697.
• Johnstone, G.R. and McLean, G.D. (1987). Ann. appl. Biol. 110: 421.
• Johnstone, G.R. and Rapley, P.E.L. (1979). Ann. appl. Biol. 91: 345.
• Kellock, A.W. (1971). Aust. J. agric. Res. 22: 615.
• Waterhouse, P.M. and Helms, K. (1984). J. Virol. Meth. 8: 321.
• Waterhouse, P.M., Gildow, F.E. and Johnstone, G.R. (1987). AAB Descr. Pl. Viruses No. 339.
• Wilson, J. and Close, R.C. (1973). N.Z. Jl agric. Res. 16: 305.

Cite this publication as: Brunt, A.A., Crabtree, K., Dallwitz, M.J., Gibbs, A.J., Watson, L. and Zurcher, E.J. (eds.) (1996 onwards). `Plant Viruses Online: Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database. Version: 20^th August 1996.' URL http://biology.anu.edu.au/Groups/MES/vide/

Dallwitz (1980) and Dallwitz, Paine and Zurcher (1993) should also be cited.