Plant Viruses Online   

Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database

Shallot latent carlavirus

Index

• Nomenclature
• Host range, transmission and symptoms
• Physical and biochemical properties
• Taxonomy and relationships
• Comments and References

Data collated by L. Bos, 1987.

Nomenclature

Synonyms

garlic laent virus (Van Dijk, 1993).

Acronym

SLV

Strains

type, garlic and Asian shallot strains recognized (Van Dijk, 1993).

ICTV decimal code

14.0.1.0.028

Host range and symptoms

Natural host range and symptoms

• Allium porrum - mild chlorotic streaking.
• Allium cepa var. cepa, A. sativum, A. cepa var. ascalonicum - symptomless.

Transmission

Transmitted by a vector; an insect; Myzus (Sciamyzus) ascolonicus and, perhaps, Aphis fabae; Aphididae. Transmitted in a non-persistent manner. Virus transmitted by mechanical inoculation.

Ecology and control

Studies reported by Bos et al. (1978); Paludan (1980).

Geographical distribution

Probably distributed worldwide (all shallots tested have been found to be infected). Spreads in Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Japan, and the UK.

Experimental host range

Few (<3) families susceptible.

Diagnostically susceptible host species and symptoms

• Chenopodium album, C. amaranticolor, C. quinoa - small dry local lesions in yellowing leaves, often developing green rings.

Diagnostically insusceptible host species

Gomphrena globosa, Nicotiana clevelandii, N. tabacum, Petunia × hybrida, Phaseolus vulgaris, Pisum sativum.

Maintenance and propagation hosts

Allium porrum, A. fistulosum (`filter host' to separate the leek yellow stripe virus).

Assay hosts (Local lesions or Whole plants)

Chenopodium amaranticolor (L), C. quinoa (L).

Susceptible host species

• Allium cepa
• Allium cepa var. ascalonicum
• Allium cepa var. cepa
• Allium fistulosum
• Allium porrum
• Allium sativum
• Chenopodium album
• Chenopodium amaranticolor
• Chenopodium quinoa

Insusceptible host species

• Chrysanthemum
• Cichorium endiva
• Crotalaria
• Gomphrena globosa
• Lilium formosanum
• Lycopersicon esculentum
• Narcissus pseudonarcissus
• Nicotiana clevelandii
• Nicotiana glutinosa
• Nicotiana tabacum
• Petunia × hybrida
• Phaseolus vulgaris
• Pisum sativum
• Tetragonia tetragonioides
• Tulipa
• Vicia faba
• Vigna unguiculata
• Zea mays

Families containing susceptible hosts

• Alliaceae (6/6)
• Chenopodiaceae (3/3)

Families containing insusceptible hosts

• Amaranthaceae (1/1)
• Amaryllidaceae (1/1)
• Compositae (2/2)
• Gramineae (1/1)
• Leguminosae-Papilionoideae (5/5)
• Liliaceae (2/2)
• Solanaceae (5/5)
• Tetragoniaceae (1/1)

Sources of host-range data

Bos et al. (1978).

Physical and biochemical properties

Properties of particles in sap

TIP: about 80 °C. LIV: 8-11 days. DEP: log₁₀ minus 4-5. Leaf sap contains many virions. Electron microscopy: virions best seen in PTA, often aggregated end-to-end.

Purification method

Bos et al. (1978); molecular sieving through Sephadex G-200, then equilibrium density gradient centrifuging in CsCl (Bos et al., 1978).

Particle morphology

Virions filamentous; not enveloped; usually straight (or slightly curved); with a clear modal length; of 650 nm. Axial canal obscure. Basic helix obscure.

Physical properties

One sedimenting component in purified preparations; sedimentation coefficient 147.5 S. Density 1.313 g cm^-3 in CsCl.

NCBI sequence data (Entrez search)

Features of proteins

Virion protein(s) one; M_r 23200; coat protein. Method of preparation: Huttinga (1975).

Cytopathology

Virions found in leaves; in cytoplasm (Paludan, 1980). Inclusions absent from infected cells.

Taxonomy and relationships

Carlavirus

Virus(es) with serologically related virions

Narcissus latent and lonicera latent viruses.

Virus(es) with serologically unrelated virions

Chrysanthemum B, nerine latent, pea streak, poplar mosaic, potato S, potato M, red clover vein mosaic, lily symptomless and carnation latent viruses.

Best tests for diagnosis

ISEM with antiserum or shallot latent virus, rapid formation of local lesions on Chenopodium amaranticolor and C. quinoa and local lesions more numerous and smaller than those of leek yellow stripe virus.

Comments and References

References

• Bos, L. (1972). Gewasbesch. 3:81.
• Bos, L. (1982). CMI/AAB Descr. Pl. Viruses No. 250, 4 pp.
• Bos, L., Huttinga, H. and Maat, D.Z. (1975). Neth. J. Pl. Path. 84: 227.
• Huttinga, H. (1975). Neth. J. Pl. Path. 81: 81.
• Paludan, N. (1980). Tidsskr. PlAvl. 84: 371.
• Van Dijk, P. (1993). Neth. J. Pl. Path. 99: 233.

Cite this publication as: Brunt, A.A., Crabtree, K., Dallwitz, M.J., Gibbs, A.J., Watson, L. and Zurcher, E.J. (eds.) (1996 onwards). `Plant Viruses Online: Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database. Version: 20^th August 1996.' URL http://biology.anu.edu.au/Groups/MES/vide/

Dallwitz (1980) and Dallwitz, Paine and Zurcher (1993) should also be cited.