Plant Viruses
Online 
Descriptions and Lists from
the VIDE Database
Ryegrass mosaic
rymovirus
Index
Data collated by R.T. Plumb, 1980. Revised 1984.
Nomenclature
Synonyms
ryegrass streak mosaic virus.
Acronym
ICTV decimal code
Host range and symptoms
First reported
in Lolium multiflorum; from Washington state U.S.A; by Bruehl et
al. (1957).
Natural host range and symptoms
Symptoms persist.
- Lolium spp. in Europe, Lolium spp. and Dactylis
glomerata in North America - chlorotic flecking, mosaic, necrosis with
some isolates, stunting and fewer tillers. Symptoms usually more obvious in
L. multiflorum and L. multiflorum × L. perenne than in L.
perenne. Necrosis rare in L. perenne.
Transmission
Transmitted by a vector; a mite; Abacarus
hystrix; Eriophyidae. Virus transmitted by mechanical inoculation; not
transmitted by seed; not transmitted by pollen.
Geographical
distribution
Spreads in the Eurasian region and the North American
region; Australia.
Experimental host range
Few (<3) families susceptible.
Diagnostically susceptible host species and symptoms
- Avena sativa, Lolium multiflorum - systemic mosaic,
necrotic flecking and striping.
- L. perenne - systemic mosaic.
Susceptible host species
Insusceptible host species
Families containing susceptible hosts
Families containing
insusceptible hosts
Sources of host-range data
Physical and
biochemical properties
Properties of particles in sap
TIP: 60
°C. LIV: 1 days. DEP: log10 minus 3. Leaf sap contains few virions.
Purification method
Particle morphology
Virions filamentous; not enveloped;
usually flexuous; with a clear modal length; of 700 nm; 15 nm wide. Axial canal
obscure. Basic helix obscure.
Physical properties
One sedimenting component in purified
preparations; sedimentation coefficient 166 S. Density 1.325 g cm-3
in CsCl (at 25ºC), or 1.3049 g cm-3 in CsCl (when fixed with
glutaraldehyde).
Biochemical properties
Virions contain 5.3 % nucleic
acid; 0 % lipid.
Genome consists of RNA; single-stranded. Total genome size 9-10 kb.
Genome unipartite; largest (or only) genome part 9-10 kb. Base composition 31 %
G; 23 % A; 24 % C; 22 % U. Infectivity retained when deproteinised with phenol
or detergent.
Features of proteins
Virion protein(s) one;
Mr 29200. Method of preparation: Paliwal et al. (1976).
Replication
Replication does not depend on a helper
virus.
Cytopathology
Virions found in mesophyll; in cytoplasm.
Inclusions present in infected cells; are pinwheels and unusual in shape; and
cylindrical structures; they do not contain virions. Other cellular changes:
vacuolation of cytoplasm.
Taxonomy and
relationships
Virus(es) with serologically related virions
Isolates of the virus from Europe and North America are closely
related.
Virus(es) with serologically unrelated virions
Agropyron mosaic, spartina mottle, hordeum mosaic, wheat
streak mosaic and oat necrotic mottle viruses.
Comments and
References
References
- Bruehl, G.W., Toko, H.
and McKinney, H.H. (1957). Phytopathology 47: 517.
- Gibson,
R.W. and Heard, A.J. (1979). Ann. appl. Biol. 91: 101.
- Mulligan, T.E. (1960). Ann. appl. Biol. 48: 575.
- Paliwal,
Y.C. and Tremaine, J.H. (1976). Phytopathology 66: 406.
- Plumb,
R.T. and James, M. (1973). J. gen. Virol. 18: 409.
- Slykhuis,
J.T. (1958). FAO Pl. Prot. Bull. 6: 129.
- Slykhuis, J.T. and
Paliwal, Y.C. (1972). CMI/AAB Descr. Pl. Viruses No. 86, 4 pp.
- Slykhuis, J.T., Watson, M.A. and Mulligan, T.E. (1956). Rep. Rothamsted
Exp. Stn. 1956, p. 104.
Cite this publication as:
Brunt, A.A., Crabtree, K., Dallwitz, M.J., Gibbs, A.J., Watson, L. and Zurcher, E.J. (eds.)
(1996 onwards).
`Plant Viruses Online: Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database.
Version: 20th August 1996.' URL
http://biology.anu.edu.au/Groups/MES/vide/
Dallwitz (1980)
and
Dallwitz, Paine and Zurcher (1993)
should also be cited.
Please send comments, corrections and suggestions to:
vide-manager@biology.anu.edu.au