Plant Viruses Online   

Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database

Rice dwarf phytoreovirus

Index

• Nomenclature
• Host range, transmission and symptoms
• Physical and biochemical properties
• Taxonomy and relationships
• Comments and References

Data collated by A.J. Gibbs, 1990; H. Hibino, 1992.

Nomenclature

Acronym

RDV

Strains

severe strain and a vector non-transmissible strain.

ICTV decimal code

60.0.8.0.002

Host range and symptoms

Natural host range and symptoms

Symptoms persist. Symptoms stunting, fine chlorotic specks on leaves.
• Echinochloa crus-galli, Paspalum thumbergii, Oryza sativa, Alopecurus aequalis - stunting, white chlorotic specks on leaves.

Transmission

Transmitted by a vector; an insect; Nephotettix cincticeps, N. apicalis, N. nigropictus, N. virescens, Recilia dorsalis; Cicadellidae. Principal natural vector(s): Nephotettix cincticeps. Transmitted in a persistent manner. Virus retained when the vector moults; multiplies in the vector; transmitted congenitally to the progeny of the vector; not transmitted by mechanical inoculation; not transmitted by contact between plants; not transmitted by seed; not transmitted by pollen.

Ecology and control

Studies reported by Miyai et al. (1986).

Geographical distribution

Spreads in China, Japan, Korea D.P.R. (North), Korea Republic, and Nepal.

Experimental host range

Few (<3) families susceptible. Experimentally infected plants mostly show stunting, white specks on leaves, darker leaf colour.

Diagnostically susceptible host species and symptoms

• Alopecurus japonicus, A. aequalis, Avena sativa, Echinochloa crus-galli, Hordeum sativum, Oryza cubensis, O. sativa, Panicum miliaceum, Poa annua, Secale cereale, Triticum aestivum - stunting and systemic chlorotic specks.

Diagnostically insusceptible host species

Andropogon sorghum, Setaria italica, Zea mays.

Maintenance and propagation hosts

Alopecurus japonicus, Oryza sativa.

Assay hosts (Local lesions or Whole plants)

Oryza sativa (W).

Susceptible host species

• Alopecurus aequalis
• Alopecurus japonicus
• Avena sativa
• Echinochloa crus-galli
• Hordeum sativum
• Hordeum vulgare
• Oryza cubensis
• Oryza sativa
• Panicum miliaceum
• Paspalum thumbergii
• Poa annua
• Secale cereale
• Triticum aestivum

Insusceptible host species

• Andropogon sorghum
• Setaria italica
• Zea mays

Families containing susceptible hosts

• Gramineae (13/16)

Families containing insusceptible hosts

• Gramineae (3/16)

Sources of host-range data

Fukushi (1934); Shinkai (1962).

Physical and biochemical properties

Properties of particles in sap

TIP: 45-50 °C. LIV: 10 days (at 4ºC). DEP: log₁₀ minus 3-4 (in sap from rice leaves). Infectivity of sap not changed by treatment with di-ethyl ether. Leaf sap contains many virions.

Purification method

Iida et al. (1972).

Particle morphology

Virions isometric; not enveloped; 70 nm in diameter; angular in profile; with a conspicuous capsomere arrangement.

Physical properties

Two sedimenting components in purified preparations; sedimentation coefficient 510 S. Density 1.26 g cm^-3 in CsCl (T), or 1.38 g cm^-3 in CsCl (M1), or 1.43 g cm^-3 in CsCl (M2), or 1.46 g cm^-3 in CsCl (B). A₂₆₀/A₂₈₀ ratio 1.4.

Biochemical properties

Virions contain 20 % nucleic acid; 80 % protein.

Genome consists of RNA; double-stranded; linear. Total genome size 25.13 kb (pairs). Genome of 12 parts (named S1-10); largest (or only) genome part 4.354 kb (pairs); the 2nd largest 3.385 kb (pairs); the 3rd largest 3.195 kb (pairs); the 4th largest 2.468 kb (pairs); the 5th largest 2.57 kb (pairs); the 6th largest and other parts 1.699 kb (pairs; also 1.696, 1.424, 1.305, 1.319, 0.887 and 0.828 kb pairs). Genomic nucleic acid isolated by Kimura et al. (1987). Base composition 21.8-22.8 % G; 27.8-28.4 % A; 21.4-21.6 % C; 28-28.2 % U. Base composition of ds genome 42.3-48.1 % (G + C). 5´ terminus of RNA has an unusual type; shows the sequence of GGCA or GGUA. Infectivity lost when deproteinised with phenol or detergent. Poly A region absent.

NCBI sequence data (Entrez search)

Sequence database accession code(s)

• D00241 Em(40)_vi:RDVS10 Gb(84)_vi:RDVS10 Rice dwarf virus segment S10 mRNA, encoding an ORF, complete cds. 7/90 1,319bp.
• D00465 Em(40)_vi:RDVSEG9 Gb(84)_vi:RDVSEG9 Rice dwarf virus segment 9 RNA, complete sequence. 3/91 1,305bp.
• D00473 Em(40)_vi:RDVS10A Rice dwarf virus genome segment 10, complete sequence. 7/90 1,321bp.
• D00536 Em(40)_vi:RDVS8 Gb(84)_vi:RDVS8 Rice dwarf virus outer capsid protein RNA (S8), complete cds. 3/91 1,424bp.
• D00607 Em(40)_vi:RDVSEG3 Gb(84)_vi:RDVSEG3 Rice dwarf virus genome segment 3, complete sequence. 11/90 3,195bp.
• D00608 Em(40)_vi:RDVSEG4 Gb(84)_vi:RDVSEG4 Rice dwarf virus genome segment 4, complete sequence. 3/91 2,468bp.
• D00639 Em(40)_vi:RDVS7 Gb(84)_vi:RDVS7 Rice dwarf virus genome segment 7, complete sequence. 3/91 1,696bp.
• D00693 Em(40)_vi:RDVS3CP Gb(84)_vi:RDVS3CP Rice dwarf virus genome segment S3 encoding 114K core protein. 2/92 3,130bp.
• D10218 Em(40)_vi:RDVSEG7RD Gb(84)_vi:RDVSEG7RD Rice dwarf virus segment 7, complete sequence. 3/94 1,696bp.
• D10219 Em(40)_vi:RDVSEG8RD Gb(84)_vi:RDVSEG8RD Rice dwarf virus segment 8, complete sequence. 3/94 1,427bp.
• D10220 Em(40)_vi:RDVSEG9RD Gb(84)_vi:RDVSEG9RD Rice dwarf virus segment 9, complete sequence. 3/94 1,305bp.
• D10221 Em(40)_vi:RDVSEG10R Gb(84)_vi:RDVSEG10RD Rice dwarf virus segment 10, complete sequence. 3/94 1,321bp.
• D10222 Em(40)_vi:RDVSEG1H Gb(84)_vi:RDVSEG1H Rice dwarf virus segment 1, RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. 12/92 4,423bp.
• D10249 Em(40)_vi:RDVS11 Gb(84)_vi:RDVS11 Rice dwarf phytoreovirus segment S11 mRNA. 2/93 1,067bp.
• D11369 Em(40)_vi:RDVGS12 Gb(84)_vi:RDVGS12 Rice dwarf virus genome segment 12, complete cds. 10/92 1,066bp.
• D13404 Em(40)_vi:RDVS9 Gb(84)_vi:RDVS9 Rice dwarf virus segment 9 RNA. 1/93 1,305bp.
• D13773 Em(40)_vi:RDVSS8 Gb(84)_vi:RDVSS8 Rice dwarf virus RNA for outer capsid protein. 4/94 1,427bp.
• D90033 Em(40)_vi:RDVAS5 Gb(84)_vi:RDVAS5 Rice dwarf virus A segment 5, complete. 5/92 2,570bp.
• D90198 Em(40)_vi:RDVS1 Gb(84)_vi:RDVSEG1A Rice dwarf virus segment 1, RNA-dependent RNA polymerase mRNA. 11/92 4,423bp.
• D90199 Em(40)_vi:US11 Rice dwarf phytoreovirus segment 11 mRNA. 8/92 1,067bp.
• D90200 Em(40)_vi:RDVS12 Gb(84)_vi:RDVS12 Rice dwarf phytoreovirus segment 12 mRNA. 2/93 1,066bp.
• M35118 Em(40)_vi:RDVS1001 Gb(84)_vi:RDVS10A Rice dwarf virus segment 10 RNA, encoding an ORF, complete cds. 2/91 1,321bp.
• M91653 Em(40)_vi:RDVASEG6 Gb(84)_vi:RDVASEG6 Rice dwarf virus segment 6, complete. 3/93 1,699bp.
• S77255 Em(40)_vi:S77255 Gb(84)_vi:S77255 (3´ terminus) rice dwarf virus RDV, Genomic RNA, 10 nt. 12/93 10bp.
• S77256 Em(40)_vi:S77256 Gb(84)_vi:S77256 (3´ terminus) rice dwarf virus RDV, Genomic RNA, 10 nt. 12/93 10bp.
• S77257 Em(40)_vi:S77257 Gb(84)_vi:S77257 (3´ terminus) rice dwarf virus RDV, Genomic RNA, 10 nt. 12/93 10bp.
• S77258 Em(40)_vi:S77258 Gb(84)_vi:S77258 (3´ terminus) rice dwarf virus RDV, Genomic RNA, 10 nt. 12/93 10bp.
• S77259 Em(40)_vi:S77259 Gb(84)_vi:S77259 (3´ terminus) rice dwarf virus RDV, Genomic RNA, 10 nt. 12/93 10bp.
• S77260 Em(40)_vi:S77260 Gb(84)_vi:S77260 (3´ terminus) rice dwarf virus RDV, Genomic RNA, 10 nt. 12/93 10bp.
• S77261 Em(40)_vi:S77261 Gb(84)_vi:S77261 (3´ terminus) rice dwarf virus RDV, Genomic RNA, 10 nt. 12/93 10bp.
• S77262 Em(40)_vi:S77262 Gb(84)_vi:S77262 (3´ terminus) rice dwarf virus RDV, Genomic RNA, 10 nt. 12/93 10bp.
• S77263 Em(40)_vi:S77263 Gb(84)_vi:S77263 (3´ terminus) rice dwarf virus RDV, Genomic RNA, 10 nt. 12/93 10bp.
• S77264 Em(40)_vi:S77264 Gb(84)_vi:S77264 (3´ terminus) rice dwarf virus RDV, Genomic RNA, 10 nt. 12/93 10bp.
• S77265 Em(40)_vi:S77265 Gb(84)_vi:S77265 (3´ terminus) rice dwarf virus RDV, Genomic RNA, 10 nt. 12/93 10bp.
• S77266 Em(40)_vi:S77266 Gb(84)_vi:S77266 (3´ terminus) rice dwarf virus RDV, Genomic RNA, 10 nt. 12/93 10bp.
• S77279 Em(40)_vi:S77279 Gb(84)_vi:S77279 (5´ terminus) rice dwarf virus RDV, Genomic RNA, 10 nt. 12/93 10bp.
• S77280 Em(40)_vi:S77280 Gb(84)_vi:S77280 (5´ terminus) rice dwarf virus RDV, Genomic RNA, 10 nt. 12/93 10bp.
• S77281 Em(40)_vi:S77281 Gb(84)_vi:S77281 (5´ terminus) rice dwarf virus RDV, Genomic RNA, 10 nt. 12/93 10bp.
• S77282 Em(40)_vi:S77282 Gb(84)_vi:S77282 (5´ terminus) rice dwarf virus RDV, Genomic RNA, 10 nt. 12/93 10bp.
• S77283 Em(40)_vi:S77283 Gb(84)_vi:S77283 (5´ terminus) rice dwarf virus RDV, Genomic RNA, 10 nt. 12/93 10bp.
• S77284 Em(40)_vi:S77284 Gb(84)_vi:S77284 (5´ terminus) rice dwarf virus RDV, Genomic RNA, 10 nt. 12/93 10bp.
• S77285 Em(40)_vi:S77285 Gb(84)_vi:S77285 (5´ terminus) rice dwarf virus RDV, Genomic RNA, 10 nt. 12/93 10bp.
• S77286 Em(40)_vi:S77286 Gb(84)_vi:S77286 (5´ terminus) rice dwarf virus RDV, Genomic RNA, 10 nt. 12/93 10bp.
• S77287 Em(40)_vi:S77287 Gb(84)_vi:S77287 (5´ terminus) rice dwarf virus RDV, Genomic RNA, 10 nt. 12/93 10bp.
• S77288 Em(40)_vi:S77288 Gb(84)_vi:S77288 (5´ terminus) rice dwarf virus RDV, Genomic RNA, 10 nt. 12/93 10bp.
• S77289 Em(40)_vi:S77289 Gb(84)_vi:S77289 (5´ terminus) rice dwarf virus RDV, Genomic RNA, 10 nt. 12/93 10bp.
• S77290 Em(40)_vi:S77290 Gb(84)_vi:S77290 (5´ terminus) rice dwarf virus RDV, Genomic RNA, 10 nt. 12/93 10bp.
• X16017 Em(40)_vi:RDVSEG5A Gb(84)_vi:RDVSEG5A Rice Dwarf Virus RNA for genomic segment 5. 9/93 2,552bp.
• X54620 Em(40)_vi:RDVSEG3A Gb(84)_vi:RDVSEG3A Rice dwarf virus S3 mRNA for segment 3. 9/93 3,195bp.
• X54622 Em(40)_vi:RDVSEG4A Gb(84)_vi:RDVSEG4A Rice dwarf virus S4 mRNA for segment 4. 9/93 2,468bp.
• S72083 Gb(89)_vi:S72083 P12...P120Pa (segment 12) rice dwarf virus RDV, RDV-H, Genomic RNA, 3 genes, 1066 nt). 10/94
• S72085 Gb(89)_vi:S72085 P12...P120Pb (segment 12) rice dwarf virus RDV, RDV-AKITA, Genomic RNA, 3 genes, 1066 nt). 1
• S74804 Gb(89)_vi:S74804 polyprotein (S2, segment 2) (rice dwarf phytoreovirus, RDV-H, Genomic RNA, 3512 nt). 5/95 3,5
• S74805 Gb(89)_vi:S74805 polyprotein (S2, segment 2) (rice dwarf phytoreovirus, RDV-Akita, Genomic RNA, 3512 nt). 5/95
• U25671 Gb(89)n:Rdu25671 Rice dwarf virus segment 10 nonstructural protein gene, complete cds. 6/95 1,164bp.

Features of the genome

Features of the genome: s3 has an ORF which encodes 114000 polypeptide; s4 ORF encodes 79800 polypeptide; s5 ORF encodes 90500 polypeptide; s6 ORF encodes 57400 polypeptide; s7 ORF encodes 55300 polypeptide; s8 ORF encodes 46400 polypeptide; s9 ORF encodes 38900 polypeptide; s10 ORF encodes 39100 or 39200 polypeptide; s11 ORF encodes 20800 polypeptide.

Sub-genomic mRNA not found in infected cells.

Features of proteins

Virion protein(s) six; M_r 210000. M_r of 2nd largest 185000. M_r of 3rd largest 165000. M_r of 4th largest 114000; major core protein. M_r of 5th largest 55000; core protein. M_r of 6th largest and smaller, 46000; outer capsid protein.

Replication

Genome replicates in cytoplasm. Replication does not depend on a helper virus.

Cytopathology

Virions found in leaves, mesophyll, epidermis, vascular parenchyma and all parts of the host plant; in cytoplasm. Inclusions present in infected cells; are viroplasms; they contain virions.

Taxonomy and relationships

Phytoreovirus: Reoviridae

Virus(es) with serologically related virions

Rice gall dwarf phytoreovirus.

Virus(es) with serologically unrelated virions

Clover wound tumour phytoreovirus.

Additional comments on relationships

Each segment has a high homology with corresponding segments of clover wound tumour and rice gall dwarf phytoreoviruses.

Best tests for diagnosis

Distinguish by characteristic symptoms and serological tests.

Comments and References

References

• Boccardo, G. and Milne, R.G. (1984). CMI/AAB Descr. Pl. Viruses No. 294, 7 pp.
• Fujii-Kawata, I. and Miura, K. (1970). J. mol. Biol. 51: 247.
• Fukushi, T. and Shikata, E. (1963). Virology 21: 500.
• Fukushi, T. (1934). J. Fac. Agric. Hokkaido Imp. Univ. 39: 41.
• Fukushi, T. (1937). Proc. imp. Acad. Japan 13: 328.
• Iida, T.T., Shinkai, A. and Kimura, I. (1972). CMI/AAB Descr. Pl. Viruses No. 102.
• Kimura, I., Kodama, T. and Suzuki, N. (1968). Ann. Phytopath. Soc. Japan 34: 206.
• Kimura, I., Minobe, Y. and Omura, T. (1987). J. gen. Virol. 68: 3211.
• Miyai, S., Kinitani, K. and Nakasuji, F. (1986). In: Plant Virus Epidemics: Monitoring, Modelling and Predicting Outbreaks. Eds G.D. McLean, R.G. Garrett and W.G. Ruesnik. Academic Press, London.
• Nakata, M., Fukunaga, K. and Suzuki, N. (1978). Ann. Phytopath. Soc. Japan 44: 288.
• Nasu, S. (1963). Bull. Kyushu agric. exp. Stn 8: 153.
• Nasu, S. (1965). Jap. J. appl. Ent. Zool. 9: 225.
• Omura, T., Inoue, H., Pradhan, R.B. and Thapa, B.J. (1986). Tech. Bull. Trop. agric. Res. Center, Japan 21: 78.
• Omura, T., Minobe, Y. and Tsuchizaki, T. (1988). J. gen. Virol. 69: 227.
• Shikata, E. (1966). J. Fac. Agric. Hokkaido Univ. 55: 1.
• Shinkai, A. (1962). Bull. Nat. Inst. Agric. Sci. (Japan), Ser. C 14: 1.
• Takada, K. (1895). J. Jap. Agric. Soc. 171: 1.
• Takada, K. (1896). J. Jap. Agric. Soc. 172: 13.
• Uyeda, I. and Shikata, E. (1982). Ann. Phytopath. Soc. Japan 48: 295.
• Uyeda, I., Kudo, H., Takahashi, T., Sano, T., Oshima, K., Matsumara, T. and Shikata, E. (1989). J. gen. Virol. 70: 1297.

Cite this publication as: Brunt, A.A., Crabtree, K., Dallwitz, M.J., Gibbs, A.J., Watson, L. and Zurcher, E.J. (eds.) (1996 onwards). `Plant Viruses Online: Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database. Version: 20^th August 1996.' URL http://biology.anu.edu.au/Groups/MES/vide/

Dallwitz (1980) and Dallwitz, Paine and Zurcher (1993) should also be cited.