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Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database

Ribgrass mosaic tobamovirus

Index

• Nomenclature
• Host range, transmission and symptoms
• Physical and biochemical properties
• Taxonomy and relationships
• Comments and References

Data collated by N. Oshima, 1986.

Nomenclature

Synonyms

Holmes' ribgrass virus, plantago mosaic virus, ribgrass strain of tobacco mosaic virus, rai mosaic virus, youcai mosaic virus.

Acronym

RMV

Strains

primula isolate, RMV-K, TMV-C, Wasabi isolate.

ICTV decimal code

71.0.1.0.008

Host range and symptoms

Natural host range and symptoms

Symptoms persist.
• Plantago lanceolata, P. major - chlorotic mottling and rings.
• Digitalis lanata - mosaic.
• Rorippa amphibia - mild mottling and necrotic lines.
• Rorippa sylvestris - symptomless carrier.
• Eutrema wasabi - mottling.
• Sisymbrium loeselii - yellow leaf edges and vein clearing.
• Melandrium album - chlorotic ringspots and lines.
• Nicotiana tabacum - stunting and necrosis.

Transmission

Transmitted by means not involving a vector. Virus transmitted by mechanical inoculation; transmitted by grafting; transmitted by contact between plants.

Geographical distribution

Probably distributed worldwide.

Experimental host range

Many (>9) families susceptible.

Diagnostically susceptible host species and symptoms

• Nicotiana tabacum cv. Xanthi-nc - brown necrotic local lesions; not systemic.
• Nicotiana tabacum cv. Samsun - necrotic concentric rings and line patterns.
• Nicotiana glutinosa, N. sylvestris, Petunia × hybrida - brown necrotic local lesions; not systemic.
• Chenopodium amaranticolor - small necrotic local lesions, occasional systemic necrotic spotting.
• Cyphomandra betacea - chlorotic local lesions; systemic mosaic and deformation.
• Momordica charantia - necrotic local lesions; not systemic.
• Brassica campestris ssp. rapa, B. nigra - systemic mosaic symptoms or symptomless carrier.

Diagnostically insusceptible host species

Phaseolus vulgaris.

Maintenance and propagation hosts

Nicotiana tabacum cv. Samsun.

Assay hosts (Local lesions or Whole plants)

Nicotiana tabacum cv. Xanthi-nc (L); N. glutinosa (L); N. sylvestris (L); N. tabacum cv. Samsun (W); Chenopodium amaranticolor (L).

Susceptible host species

• Amaranthus caudatus
• Amaranthus retroflexus
• Beta vulgaris
• Brassica campestris
• Brassica campestris ssp. napus
• Brassica campestris ssp. pekinensis
• Brassica campestris ssp. rapa
• Brassica juncea
• Brassica nigra
• Brassica oleracea var. botrytis
• Brassica oleracea var. capitata
• Capsicum annuum
• Capsicum frutescens
• Chenopodium album
• Chenopodium amaranticolor
• Chenopodium hybridum
• Chenopodium murale
• Chenopodium quinoa
• Cichorium endiva
• Citrullus lanatus
• Cucumis sativus
• Cyphomandra betacea
• Datura metel
• Datura stramonium
• Datura tatula
• Digitalis lanata
• Eutrema wasabi
• Gomphrena globosa
• Hordeum vulgare
• Hyoscyamus niger
• Lactuca sativa
• Lupinus albus
• Lycopersicon esculentum
• Lycopersicon pimpinellifolium
• Melandrium album
• Momordica charantia
• Nicandra physalodes
• Nicotiana clevelandii
• Nicotiana debneyi
• Nicotiana glutinosa
• Nicotiana megalosiphon
• Nicotiana rustica
• Nicotiana sylvestris
• Nicotiana tabacum
• Ocimum basilicum
• Petunia × hybrida
• Phlox drummondii
• Physalis peruviana
• Pisum sativum
• Plantago lanceolata
• Plantago major
• Raphanus sativus
• Rorippa amphibia
• Rorippa sylvestris
• Sisymbrium loeselii
• Solanum melongena
• Solanum nigrum
• Spinacia oleracea
• Stellaria media
• Tetragonia tetragonioides
• Triticum aestivum
• Tropaeolum majus
• Vicia faba
• Vigna unguiculata ssp. sesquipedalis
• Zinnia elegans

Insusceptible host species

• Cucumis melo
• Phaseolus vulgaris
• Vicia sativa

Families containing susceptible hosts

• Amaranthaceae (3/3)
• Caryophyllaceae (2/2)
• Chenopodiaceae (7/7)
• Compositae (3/3)
• Cruciferae (13/13)
• Cucurbitaceae (3/4)
• Gramineae (2/2)
• Labiatae (1/1)
• Leguminosae-Papilionoideae (4 /6)
• Plantaginaceae (2/2)
• Polemoniaceae (1/1)
• Scrophulariaceae (1/1)
• Solanaceae (21/21)
• Tetragoniaceae (1/1)
• Tropaeolaceae (1/1)

Families containing insusceptible hosts

• Cucurbitaceae (1/4)
• Leguminosae-Papilionoideae (2/6)

Sources of host-range data

Oshima et al., (1974); Schumann (1963); Kovachevsky (1963); Fujisawa et al. (1982).

Physical and biochemical properties

Properties of particles in sap

TIP: 93 °C. LIV: 160 days (or more at 20-25ºC). DEP: log₁₀ minus 6-7. Leaf sap contains many virions.

Purification method

Siegel and Wildman (1954).

Particle morphology

Virions rod-shaped; not enveloped; usually straight; with a clear modal length; of 300 nm; 18 nm wide. Axial canal obvious; c. 4 nm in diameter. Basic helix obvious; pitch of basic helix 2.3 nm.

Physical properties

One sedimenting component in purified preparations; sedimentation coefficient 180-200 S. Density c. 1.37 g cm^-3 in CsCl. Isoelectric point pH 4.49.

Biochemical properties

Virions contain 5 % nucleic acid; 95 % protein; 0 % lipid.

Genome consists of RNA; single-stranded; linear. Total genome size 6.5 kb. Genome unipartite; largest (or only) genome part 6.5 kb. Genomic nucleic acid isolated by Fraenkel-Conrat et al. (1961). Base composition 25.8 % G; 29.3 % A; 18 % C; 27 % U. 5´ terminus of RNA has a methylated nucleotide cap (m⁷GpppX). Infectivity decreased when deproteinised with proteases; retained when deproteinised with phenol or detergent.

Features of the genome

Non-genomic nucleic acid not found in the virions. Sub-genomic mRNA possibly found in infected cells.

Features of proteins

Virion protein(s) one; M_r 17500. Method of preparation: Fraenkel-Conrat (1957).

Replication

Coat protein mRNA translated in the cytoplasm, possibly. Replication does not depend on a helper virus.

Cytopathology

Virions found in all parts of the host plant; in cytoplasm and in cell vacuoles. Inclusions present in infected cells; are crystals in the cytoplasm and amorphous X-bodies; they contain virions.

Taxonomy and relationships

Tobamovirus

Virus(es) with serologically related virions

All tobamoviruses to a greater or lesser extent, and this is correlated with their virion protein sequence similarities (Gibbs, 1986). Distant serological relationship with broad bean necrosis, potato mop-top and soil-borne wheat mosaic (Van Regenmortel, 1982).

Comments and References

References

• Chessin, M., Zaitlin, M. and Solberg, R.A. (1967). Phytopathology 57: 452.
• Fraenkel-Conrat, H. (1957). Virology 4: 1.
• Fraenkel-Conrat, H., Singer, B. and Tsugita, A. (1961). Virology 14: 54.
• Fujisawa, K., Tsuchizaki, T. and Iizuka, N. (1982). Ann. Phytopath. Soc. Japan 48: 592.
• Gibbs, A.J. (1986). In: The Plant Viruses, Vol. 2, The Rod-Shaped Plant Viruses, p. 167; eds M.H.V. van Regenmortel and H. Fraenkel-Conrat. Plenum Press, New York.
• Goto, T. and Oshima, N. (1962). Ann. Phytopath. Soc. Japan 27: 109.
• Holmes, F.O. (1941). Phytopathology 31: 1089.
• Juretic, N., Milicic, D. and Mamula, D. (1973). Acta bot. Croat. 32: 29.
• Kovachevsky, I.C. (1963). Phytopath. Z. 49: 127.
• Kovachevsky, I.C. (1969). Proc. 7th Conf. Czechoslov. Pl. Virol., Olomouc, 1967, p. 250.
• Oshima, N. and Harrison, B.D. (1975). CMI/AAB Descr. Pl. Viruses No. 152, 4 pp.
• Oshima, N., Ohashi, Y. and Ume K. (1974). Ann. Phytopath. Soc. Japan 40: 241.
• Polak, Z. (1962). Proc. 5th Conf. Czechoslov. Pl. Virol., Prague, 1962, p. 168.
• Schumann, K. (1963). Phytopath. Z. 48: 1.
• Siegel, A. and Wildmann, S.G. (1954). Phytopathology 54: 277.
• Tochihara, H., Komuro, Y. and Kobari, Y. (1964). Proc. Kanto Pl. Prot. Soc. 11: 46.
• Van Regenmortel, M.H.V. (1982). In: Serology and Immunochemistry of Plant Viruses, p. 147 and p. 166. Academic Press, New York.
• Zhu, P.K., Lu, M.K., Wang, M.Q., Xia, Y.N., Sun, X.G., Jin, C.X. and Shen, Q. (1984). Acta phytopath. Sin. 14: 59.

Cite this publication as: Brunt, A.A., Crabtree, K., Dallwitz, M.J., Gibbs, A.J., Watson, L. and Zurcher, E.J. (eds.) (1996 onwards). `Plant Viruses Online: Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database. Version: 20^th August 1996.' URL http://biology.anu.edu.au/Groups/MES/vide/

Dallwitz (1980) and Dallwitz, Paine and Zurcher (1993) should also be cited.