Plant Viruses Online   

Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database

Red clover vein mosaic carlavirus

Index

• Nomenclature
• Host range, transmission and symptoms
• Physical and biochemical properties
• Taxonomy and relationships
• Comments and References

Data collated by D.J. Hagedorn, 1981. Revised 1983.

Nomenclature

Synonyms

pea stunt virus, vein mosaic virus of red clover.

Acronym

RCVMV

ICTV decimal code

14.0.1.0.027

Host range and symptoms

Natural host range and symptoms

Symptoms persist.
• Trifolium pratense - mosaic, vein yellowing.

Transmission

Transmitted by a vector; an insect; Acyrthosiphon pisum, Myzus persicae, Therioaphis (Pterocallidium) maculatus, Cavariella aegopodii, C. theobaldi; Aphididae. Transmitted in a non-persistent manner. Virus transmitted by mechanical inoculation; transmitted by seed (in Trifolium pratense and Vicia faba); not transmitted by pollen.

Geographical distribution

Spreads in the North American region; Germany and the Netherlands. Found, but with no evidence of spread, in the U.K., Sweden and Switzerland.

Experimental host range

Several (3-9) families susceptible.

Diagnostically susceptible host species and symptoms

• Medicago sativa, Melilotus albus, Phaseolus vulgaris, Pisum sativum cv. Perfection, Trifolium incarnatum, T. pratense, T. repens, Vicia sativa - systemic mosaic, yellowing and leaf deformation.

Diagnostically insusceptible host species

Medicago sativa.

Maintenance and propagation hosts

Melilotus albus, Phaseolus vulgaris, Pisum sativum cv. Perfection, Trifolium incarnatum, T. pratense.

Assay hosts (Local lesions or Whole plants)

Melilotus albus (W), Phaseolus vulgaris (W), Pisum sativum cv. Perfection (W), Trifolium incarnatum (W), T. pratense (W).

Susceptible host species

• Antirrhinum majus
• Chenopodium amaranticolor
• Chenopodium quinoa
• Lathyrus odoratus
• Medicago sativa
• Melilotus albus
• Nicotiana tabacum
• Phaseolus vulgaris
• Pisum sativum
• Trifolium hybridum
• Trifolium incarnatum
• Trifolium pratense
• Trifolium repens
• Vicia faba
• Vicia sativa

Insusceptible host species

• Capsicum frutescens
• Cucumis sativus
• Datura stramonium
• Glycine max
• Gomphrena globosa
• Lotus corniculatus
• Lupinus angustifolius
• Lycopersicon esculentum
• Medicago sativa
• Nicotiana glutinosa
• Nicotiana rustica
• Nicotiana sylvestris
• Solanum tuberosum
• Vicia villosa
• Vigna radiata
• Vigna unguiculata

Families containing susceptible hosts

• Chenopodiaceae (2/2)
• Leguminosae-Papilionoideae (11/17)
• Scrophulariaceae (1/1)
• Solanaceae (1/8)

Families containing insusceptible hosts

• Amaranthaceae (1/1)
• Cucurbitaceae (1/1)
• Leguminosae-Papilionoideae (7/17)
• Solanaceae (7/8)

Sources of host-range data

Hagedorn and Hanson (1951); Sander (1959); Thornberry (1966); Varma (1970); Hampton et al. (1978).

Physical and biochemical properties

Properties of particles in sap

TIP: 60 °C. LIV: 2-3 days. DEP: log₁₀ minus 3. Leaf sap contains many virions.

Purification method

Varma et al. (1970).

Particle morphology

Virions filamentous; not enveloped; usually straight; with a clear modal length; of 600-700 nm; 12 nm wide. Axial canal obvious; 3.5 nm in diameter. Basic helix obvious; pitch of basic helix 3.4 nm.

Physical properties

One sedimenting component in purified preparations; sedimentation coefficient 160 S. Isoelectric point pH 4.5.

Biochemical properties

Virions contain 6.25 % nucleic acid; 93.75 % protein; 0 % lipid.

Genome consists of RNA; single-stranded. Total genome size 7.5 kb. Genome unipartite; largest (or only) genome part 7.5 kb. Base composition 31 % G; 24 % A; 23 % C; 22 % U.

Cytopathology

Virions found in leaves. Inclusions present in infected cells (Pisum sativum and in leaf hairs of Trifolium pratense); are amorphous X-bodies and unusual in shape; and crystalline; bundles of virions and rings of coiled virions in ultrathin sections; they contain virions.

Taxonomy and relationships

Carlavirus

Virus(es) with serologically related virions

Pea streak virus.

Comments and References

References

• Hagedorn, D.J. (1958). Tijdschr. PlZiekt. 64: 263.
• Hagedorn, D.J. (1974). Ann. Phytop. Soc. Monog. No. 9.
• Hagedorn, D.J. and Hanson (1951). Phytopathology 41: 813.
• Hagedorn, D.J. and Walker, J.C. (1949). J. Agric. Res. 78: 617.
• Hagedorn, D.J., Bos, L. and van der Want, J.P.H. (1959). Tijdschr. PlZiekt. 65: 13.
• Hampton, R., Beczner, L., Hagedorn, D., Bos, L., Inouye, T., Barnett, O., Musil, M. and Meiners, J. (1978). Phytopathology 68: 989.
• Osborne, H.T. (1937). Phytopathology 27: 1051.
• Sander, E. (1959). Phytopathology 49: 748.
• Thornberry, H.H. (1966). In: Index of Plant Virus Diseases U.S. Dep. Agric. Hdbk No. 307, p. 294.
• Varma, A. (1970). CMI/AAB Descr. Pl. Viruses No. 22, 4 pp.
• Varma, A., Gibbs, A.J. and Woods, R.D. (1970). J. gen. Virol. 8: 21.

Illustrations

Cite this publication as: Brunt, A.A., Crabtree, K., Dallwitz, M.J., Gibbs, A.J., Watson, L. and Zurcher, E.J. (eds.) (1996 onwards). `Plant Viruses Online: Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database. Version: 20^th August 1996.' URL http://biology.anu.edu.au/Groups/MES/vide/

Dallwitz (1980) and Dallwitz, Paine and Zurcher (1993) should also be cited.