Plant Viruses Online   

Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database

Potato yellow dwarf nucleorhabdovirus

Index

• Nomenclature
• Host range, transmission and symptoms
• Physical and biochemical properties
• Taxonomy and relationships
• Comments and References

Data collated by G. Adam, 1991.

Nomenclature

Acronym

PYDV

ICTV decimal code

62.0.5.0.005

Host range and symptoms

Natural host range and symptoms

• Chrysanthemum leucanthemum, Solanum tuberosum, Trifolium incarnatum.

Transmission

Transmitted by a vector; an insect; Agallia constricta, A. quadripunctata, Aceratagallia sanguinolenta; Cicadellidae. Transmitted in a persistent manner. Virus retained when the vector moults; multiplies in the vector; transmitted by mechanical inoculation; not transmitted by seed.

Geographical distribution

Spreads in the North American region; Canada and the USA.

Experimental host range

Several (3-9) families susceptible. Experimentally infected plants mostly show vein clearing, stunting, leaf malformation, mosaic, chlorotic local lesions.

Diagnostically susceptible host species and symptoms

• Nicotiana glutinosa, N. rustica - chlorotic local lesions, vein clearing, leaf malformation, mosaic.
• Trifolium incarnatum - vein clearing, death.

Diagnostically insusceptible host species

Medicago sativa cv. Grimm.

Maintenance and propagation hosts

Nicotiana glutinosa, N. rustica.

Assay hosts (Local lesions or Whole plants)

Nicotiana rustica (L).

Susceptible host species

• Chrysanthemum leucanthemum
• Nicotiana glutinosa
• Nicotiana rustica
• Nicotiana tabacum
• Nicotiana × edwardsonii
• Solanum tuberosum
• Trifolium incarnatum

Insusceptible host species

• Medicago sativa (cv. Grimm)

Families containing susceptible hosts

• Compositae (1/1)
• Leguminosae-Papilionoideae (1/2)
• Solanaceae (5/5)

Families containing insusceptible hosts

• Leguminosae-Papilionoideae (1/2)

Sources of host-range data

Younkin (1942).

Physical and biochemical properties

Properties of particles in sap

TIP: 50 °C. LIV: 0.25 days (few hours). DEP: log₁₀ minus 3. Infectivity of sap decreased by treatment with di-ethyl ether. Leaf sap contains many virions. Electron microscopy: use ammonium molybdate as the stain.

Particle morphology

Virions rhabdo- or bullet-shaped; enveloped; usually straight; with a clear modal length; of 380 nm; 75 nm wide.

Physical properties

One sedimenting component in purified preparations; sedimentation coefficient 800 S. Density 1.2 g cm^-3 in sucrose.

Biochemical properties

Virions contain 2 % nucleic acid; 78 % protein; 20 % lipid.

Genome consists of RNA; single-stranded; linear. Total genome size 12.6 kb. Genome unipartite; largest (or only) genome part 12.6 kb. Infectivity lost when deproteinised with proteases; lost when deproteinised with phenol or detergent. Poly A region absent.

Features of proteins

Virion protein(s) five; M_r of the largest 180000; polymerase. M_r of 2nd largest 80000; spike protein. M_r of 3rd largest 55000; nucleoprotein. M_r of 4th largest 31; matrix protein. M_r of 5th largest 26000. Virion proteins glycosylated; are and it is the G protein.

Replication

Replication does not depend on a helper virus.

Cytopathology

Virions found in the perinuclear space. Inclusions leaves, roots, mesophyll and phloem.

Taxonomy and relationships

Nucleorhabdovirus: Rhabdoviridae (the type species)

Differences between type strain and others

Two serotypes, which differ in their proteins and in vector specificity, are known.

Comments and References

References

• Adam, G. (1984). Vectors in Virus Biology 12: 37.
• Adam, G. and Gaedigk, K. (1986). J. gen. Virol. 67; 2775.
• Adam, G., Gaedigk, K. and Mundry, K.W. (1983). Z. PflKrankh. PflPath. PflSchutz. 90: 28.
• Ahmed, M.E., Black, L.M., Perkins, E.G., Walker, B.L. and Kummerow, F.A. (1964). Biochem. Biophys. Res. Comm. 17: 103.
• Barrus and Chupp (1922). Phytopathology 12: 123.
• Black, L.M. (1941). Am. Potato J. 18: 231.
• Black, L.M. (1965). Virology 27: 446.
• Black, L.M. (1979). Adv. Virus Res. 25: 191.
• Black, L.M. (1984). Curr. Topics in Vector Res. 2: 1.
• Brakke, M.K. (1956). Virology 2: 463.
• Chiu, R.J., Liu, H.Y., MacLeod, R. and Black, L.M. (1970). Virology 40: 387.
• Dale, J.L. and Peters, D. (1981). Intervirology 16: 86.
• Falk, B.W. and Tsai, J.H. (1983). Phytopathology 73: 1536.
• Falk, B.W. and Weathers, L.G. (1983). Phytopathology 73: 81.
• Falk, B.W., Weathers, L.G. and Greer, F.C. (1981). Plant Dis. 65: 81.
• Gaedigk, K., Adam, G. and Mundry, K.-W. (1986). J. gen. Virol. 67: 2763.
• Hiebert, E. and Charudattan, R. (1984). Phytopathology 74: 642.
• Hsu, H.T. (1978). Virology 84: 9.
• Hsu, H.T. and Black, L.M. (1973). Virology 52: 187.
• Hsu, H.T. and Black, L.M. (1973). Virology 52: 284.
• Hsu, H.T. and Black, L.M. (1973). Phytopathology 63: 692.
• Hsu, H.T. and Black, L.M. (1974). Virology 59: 331.
• Hsu, H.T., McBeath, J.H. and Black, L.M. (1977). Virology 81: 257.
• Hsu, H.T., Nuss, D.L. and Adam, G. (1983). Curr. Topics Vector Res. 1 189.
• Jackson, A.O. and Christie, S.R. (1977). Virology 77: 344.
• Knudson, D.L. and MacLeod, R. (1972). Virology 47: 285.
• Liu, H.Y. and Black, L.M. (1978). Phytopathology 68: ;1243.
• MacLeod, R. (1968). Virology 34: 771.
• Nagaraj, A.N. and Black, L.M. (1962). Virology 16: 152.
• Reeder, Knudson, D.L. and MacLeod, R. (1972). Virology 50: 301.
• Sinha, R.C. (1965). Virology 27; 118.
• Whitcomb, R.F. (1965). Phytopathology 55: 746.
• Younkins (1942). Am. Potato J. 19: 6.

Cite this publication as: Brunt, A.A., Crabtree, K., Dallwitz, M.J., Gibbs, A.J., Watson, L. and Zurcher, E.J. (eds.) (1996 onwards). `Plant Viruses Online: Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database. Version: 20^th August 1996.' URL http://biology.anu.edu.au/Groups/MES/vide/

Dallwitz (1980) and Dallwitz, Paine and Zurcher (1993) should also be cited.