Plant Viruses Online   

Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database

Potato S carlavirus

Index

• Nomenclature
• Host range, transmission and symptoms
• Physical and biochemical properties
• Taxonomy and relationships
• Comments and References

Data collated by C. Büchen-Osmond, 1987.

Nomenclature

Synonyms

pepino latent virus (Dolby and Jones, 1988; Jones et al., 1980).

Acronym

PVS

ICTV decimal code

14.0.1.0.026

Host range and symptoms

Natural host range and symptoms

Symptoms persist.
• Solanum tuberosum - causes few or no symptoms, but decreases yield of potato tubers by up to 20%.

Transmission

Transmitted by a vector; an insect; Myzus persicae. Isolates differ in their transmissibility by Myzus persicae (Bode and Weidemann, 1970); an isolate from the U.S. seedling 41956 could not be transmitted under conditions in which the related potato virus M was transmitted (Wetter and Völker, 1960); Aphididae. Transmitted in a non-persistent manner. Virus transmitted by mechanical inoculation; not transmitted by seed.

Ecology and control

Studies reported by Kassanis (1957). Infected potato, cv. King Edward has been freed from potato M, S and other viruses by apical meristem culture.

Geographical distribution

Probably distributed worldwide (in cultivated varieties of potato).

Experimental host range

Few (<3) families susceptible.

Diagnostically susceptible host species and symptoms

• Chenopodium amaranticolor, C. quinoa, C. album - chlorotic local lesions which, in older leaves, may develop a green halo; not systemic.
• Solanum rostratum - small necrotic local lesions, systemic necrotic spots.
• Nicotiana debneyi - symptomless in inoculated leaves; systemic veinclearing and mottling and necrosis.
• Cyamopsis tetragonoloba - small brown necrotic local lesions in cotyledons, not systemic.

Diagnostically insusceptible host species

Tinantia erecta.

Maintenance and propagation hosts

Nicotiana clevelandii.

Assay hosts (Local lesions or Whole plants)

Chenopodium amaranticolor (L); Chenopodium quinoa (L); Chenopodium album (L).

Susceptible host species

• Chenopodium album
• Chenopodium amaranticolor
• Chenopodium quinoa
• Cyamopsis tetragonoloba
• Nicotiana clevelandii
• Nicotiana debneyi
• Solanum rostratum
• Solanum tuberosum

Insusceptible host species

• Tinantia erecta

Families containing susceptible hosts

• Chenopodiaceae (3/3)
• Leguminosae-Papilionoideae (1/1)
• Solanaceae (4/4)

Families containing insusceptible hosts

• Commelinaceae (1/1)

Physical and biochemical properties

Properties of particles in sap

TIP: 55-60 °C. LIV: 3-4 days. DEP: log₁₀ minus 2-3.

Purification method

Wetter (1960).

Particle morphology

Virions filamentous; not enveloped; usually straight (to slightly curved); with a clear modal length; of 650 nm; 12 nm wide.

Biochemical properties

Genome unipartite; largest (or only) genome part 7.5 kb. Nucleotide sequence references: Mackenzie et al. (1989).

NCBI sequence data (Entrez search)

Sequence database accession code(s)

• D00461 Em(40)_vi:PVS Gb(84)_vi:PVS Potato virus S genomic RNA, 3´-terminal region. 4/90 3,552bp.
• S45593 Em(40)_vi:S45593 Gb(84)_vi:S45593 coat protein, 11 kda protein potato virus S PVS, Genomic RNA, 1346 nt. 1/94 1,346bp.
• R28712 Em(43)_est:St712 Gb(89)_est:R28712 g63 Solanum tuberosum cDNA clone g63 5´ END similar to 11 kD coat protein of potato virus S.
• R28713 Em(43)_est:St713 Gb(89)_est:R28713 g64 Solanum tuberosum cDNA clone g64 5´ END similar to potato virus S genomic RNA, 3´ terminal sequences.

Features of the genome

Features of the genome: the sequence of the 3´ 3553 nucleotides of the genomic RNA has been determined; six ORF's recognised which encode for polypeptides, respectively of M_r 10734, 32515, 7222, 11803, 25092 and 41052.

Features of proteins

Virion protein(s) one.

Replication

Replication does not depend on a helper virus.

Taxonomy and relationships

Carlavirus

Virus(es) with serologically related virions

Carnation latent, potato M, chrysanthemum B, passiflora latent, cactus 2 and red clover vein mosaic viruses, but distantly.

Best tests for diagnosis

In some potato cultivars potato S virus is found with the related potato M carlavirus. Potato S virus may be obtained from the mixture by inoculating Nicotiana debneyi which is systemically infected by potato S virus, but only locally by potato M virus.

Comments and References

References

• Bode, O. and Weidemann, H.L. (1970). Proc. 4th Trienn. Conf. Eur. Ass. Potato Res. Brest, 1969, p. 224.
• de Bruyn Ouboter, M.P. (1952). Proc. 1st Conf. Potato Virus Diseases, Lisse-Wageningen 1951, p. 83.
• Dolby, C.A. and Jones, R.A.C. (1988). Ann. appl. Biol. 112: 231.
• Foster, G.D. and Mills, P.R. (1990). J. gen. Virol. 71: 1247.
• Jones, R.A.C., Koenig, R. and Lesemann, D.-E. (1980). Ann. appl. Biol. 94: 61.
• Kassanis, B. (1957). Ann. appl. Biol. 45: 42.
• Mackenzie, D.J., Tremaine, J.H. and Stace-Smith, R. (1989). J. gen. Virol. 70: 1053.
• Rozendaal, A. (1952). Meded. Ned. alg. KeurDienst LandbZaken Aardappelpootg. 8: 94.
• Wetter, C. (1960). Arch. Microbiol. 37: 278.
• Wetter, C. (1971). CMI/AAB Descr. Pl. Viruses No. 60, 3 pp.
• Wetter, C. and Völker, J. (1960). Eur. Potato J. 3: 158.

Cite this publication as: Brunt, A.A., Crabtree, K., Dallwitz, M.J., Gibbs, A.J., Watson, L. and Zurcher, E.J. (eds.) (1996 onwards). `Plant Viruses Online: Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database. Version: 20^th August 1996.' URL http://biology.anu.edu.au/Groups/MES/vide/

Dallwitz (1980) and Dallwitz, Paine and Zurcher (1993) should also be cited.