Plant Viruses Online   

Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database

Poinsettia mosaic (?) tymovirus

Index

• Nomenclature
• Host range, transmission and symptoms
• Physical and biochemical properties
• Taxonomy and relationships
• Comments and References

Data collated by P.L. Guy, 1985.

Nomenclature

Acronym

PnMV

ICTV decimal code

77.0.1.T.019

Host range and symptoms

Natural host range and symptoms

Symptoms vary seasonally, or disappear soon after infection.
• Euphorbia pulcherrima, E. fulgens - systemic mosaic and malformation. Bracteoles malformed and may not develop their full cream or red colouration.

Transmission

Virus transmitted by mechanical inoculation; transmitted by grafting; not transmitted by contact between plants; not transmitted by seed; not transmitted by pollen.

Geographical distribution

Spreads in Australia, Canada, Germany, the UK, and the USA.

Experimental host range

Few (<3) families susceptible.

Diagnostically susceptible host species and symptoms

• Euphorbia cyathophora (syn. E. heterophylla) - systemic leaf mosaic.
• Nicotiana benthamiana - patches of irregular chlorosis in systemically infected leaves.

Diagnostically insusceptible host species

Brassica campestris ssp. pekinensis, Chenopodium amaranticolor, Cucumis sativus, Gomphrena globosa, Phaseolus vulgaris.

Maintenance and propagation hosts

Nicotiana benthamiana, Euphorbia cyathophora.

Assay hosts (Local lesions or Whole plants)

Nicotiana benthamiana (W), Euphorbia cyathophora (W).

Susceptible host species

• Datura stramonium
• Euphorbia cyathophora
• Euphorbia fulgens
• Euphorbia marginata
• Euphorbia pulcherrima
• Nicotiana benthamiana
• Nicotiana clevelandii
• Nicotiana glutinosa
• Nicotiana rustica
• Nicotiana tabacum

Insusceptible host species

• Apium graveolens
• Beta patellaris
• Beta vulgaris
• Brassica campestris ssp. pekinensis
• Cassia occidentalis
• Catharanthus roseus
• Celosia argentea
• Chenopodium album
• Chenopodium amaranticolor
• Chenopodium murale
• Chenopodium quinoa
• Cucumis melo
• Cucumis sativus
• Cyamopsis tetragonoloba
• Dahlia pinnata
• Gomphrena globosa
• Gossypium hirsutum
• Lactuca sativa
• Lilium formosanum
• Linum usitatissimum
• Momordica balsamina
• Papaver nudicaule
• Pastinaca sativa
• Phaseolus vulgaris
• Phlox drummondii
• Ricinus communis
• Tetragonia tetragonioides
• Torenia fournieri
• Trifolium incarnatum
• Trifolium repens
• Vigna unguiculata ssp. cylindrica
• Vigna unguiculata ssp. sesquipedalis
• Zinnia elegans

Families containing susceptible hosts

• Euphorbiaceae (4/5)
• Solanaceae (6/6)

Families containing insusceptible hosts

• Amaranthaceae (2/2)
• Apocynaceae (1/1)
• Chenopodiaceae (6/6)
• Compositae (3/3)
• Cruciferae (1/1)
• Cucurbitaceae (3/3)
• Euphorbiaceae (1/5)
• Leguminosae-Caesalpinioideae (1/1)
• Leguminosae-Papilionoideae (6/6)
• Liliaceae (1 /1)
• Linaceae (1/1)
• Malvaceae (1/1)
• Papaveraceae (1/1)
• Polemoniaceae (1/1)
• Scrophulariaceae (1/1)
• Tetragoniaceae (1/1)
• Umbelliferae (2/2)

Sources of host-range data

Fulton and Fulton (1980); Lesemann et al. (1983); Meyer et al. (1986); Paludan and Begtrup (1986).

Physical and biochemical properties

Properties of particles in sap

TIP: 60-65 °C. LIV: 8-10 days. DEP: log₁₀ minus 4 (and greater). Leaf sap contains many virions.

Purification method

Lesemann et al. (1983); Koenig et al. (1986).

Particle morphology

Virions isometric; not enveloped; 26-29 nm in diameter; rounded in profile; without a conspicuous capsomere arrangement.

Physical properties

Two sedimenting components in purified preparations; sedimentation coefficient of the fastest 112-117 S; of the other(s) 50-55 S. Density 1.41 g cm^-3 in CsCl (B), or 1.29 g cm^-3 in CsCl (T; when fixed in 9% formaldehyde). Isoelectric point pH 7. A₂₆₀/A₂₈₀ ratio 1.8 (B), or 1 (T).

Biochemical properties

Virions contain 37 % nucleic acid; 63 % protein.

Genome consists of RNA; single-stranded; linear. Total genome size 2-2.3 kb. Genome unipartite; largest (or only) genome part 2-2.3 kb. Genomic nucleic acid isolated by Pfannenstiel et al. (1982); Lesemann et al. (1983). Base composition 20.5 % G; 24.1 % A; 31.3 % C; 24.1 % U.

Features of proteins

M_r 21700. Method of preparation: Pfannenstiel et al. (1982); Lesemann et al. (1983). Amino acid composition: Pfannenstiel et al. (1982).

Replication

Genome replicates probably in association with chloroplasts (in vesicles). Replication does not depend on a helper virus.

Cytopathology

Virions found in all parts of the host plant; in cytoplasm, in nucleoli, and in chloroplasts; the vacuole. However, only empty components (T) are found in the nucleus. Other cellular changes: vesicle formation by invagination of the inner chloroplast membrane only (in contrast to definitive tymoviruses in which the invaginations have a double membrane).

Taxonomy and relationships

Possible Tymovirus

Virus(es) with serologically unrelated virions

11 tymoviruses.

Comments and References

References

• Fulton, R.W. and Fulton, J.L. (1980). Phytopathology 70: 321.
• Koenig, R. and Lesemann, D.-E. (1980). Plant Dis. 65: 781.
• Koenig, R., Lesemann, D.-E. and Fulton, R.W. (1986). AAB Descr. Pl. Viruses No. 311, 4 pp.
• Lesemann, D.-E., Koenig, R., Huth, W., Brunt, A.A., Phillips, S. and Barton, R.J. (1983). Phytopath. Z. 107: 250.
• Meyer, S., Lesemann, D.-E. and Koenig, R. (1986). NachrBl. dtsch. PflSchutz., Stuttg. 38: 163.
• Paludan, N. and Begtrup, J. (1986). Tidsskr. PlAvl 90: 283.
• Pfannenstiel, M.A., Mintz, K.P. and Fulton, R.W. (1982). Phytopathology 72: 252.

Cite this publication as: Brunt, A.A., Crabtree, K., Dallwitz, M.J., Gibbs, A.J., Watson, L. and Zurcher, E.J. (eds.) (1996 onwards). `Plant Viruses Online: Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database. Version: 20^th August 1996.' URL http://biology.anu.edu.au/Groups/MES/vide/

Dallwitz (1980) and Dallwitz, Paine and Zurcher (1993) should also be cited.