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Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database

Pepper mild mottle tobamovirus

Index

• Nomenclature
• Host range, transmission and symptoms
• Physical and biochemical properties
• Taxonomy and relationships
• Comments and References

Data collated by C. Wetter, 1987.

Nomenclature

Synonyms

Samsun latent strain of tobacco mosaic virus, pepper mosaic virus (Cohen and Ben-Josef, 1989; Tanzi et al., 1988).

Acronym

PMMoV (PMMV)

Strains

capsicum mosaic virus; Samsun latent virus, pepper unusual strain, also isolate P8 of tobacco mosaic virus.

ICTV decimal code

71.0.1.0.007

Host range and symptoms

Natural host range and symptoms

Symptoms persist, or vary seasonally.
• Capsicum spp. - mild chlorosis and stunting, especially if plants infected when young. Fruits are small, malformed, mottled and some have necrotic depressions.

Transmission

Transmitted by means not involving a vector. Virus transmitted by mechanical inoculation; transmitted by grafting; transmitted by contact between plants; transmitted by seed; not transmitted by pollen.

Geographical distribution

Spreads in Argentina, Australia, Denmark, France, Hungary, Iceland, Italy, Japan, the Netherlands, Spain, the UK, and the USA.

Experimental host range

Several (3-9) families susceptible.

Diagnostically susceptible host species and symptoms

• Datura metel - local necrosis and abscission.
• Datura stramonium - small necrotic local lesions; not systemic.
• Chenopodium amaranticolor, C. quinoa - chlorotic local lesions; not systemic.
• Capsicum chacoense, C. praetermissum - severe systemic necrosis.
• Nicotiana glutinosa, N. sylvestris, N. tabacum cvs White Burley and Xanthi-nc - small necrotic local lesions; not systemic.

Diagnostically insusceptible host species

Cucumis sativus, Gomphrena globosa, Nicotiana rustica. Many other species in the Solanaceae are susceptible, but not Lycopersicon esculentum or Nicotiana glauca.

Maintenance and propagation hosts

Capsicum frutescens and cultivars of Capsicum annuum that are immune to tobacco mosaic virus.

Assay hosts (Local lesions or Whole plants)

Nicotiana glutinosa (L), N. sylvestris (L), Datura stramonium (L), Chenopodium quinoa (L), C. amaranticolor (L).

Susceptible host species

• Capsicum annuum
• Capsicum baccatum
• Capsicum cardenasii
• Capsicum chacoense
• Capsicum chinense
• Capsicum eximium
• Capsicum frutescens
• Capsicum microcarpum
• Capsicum praetermissum
• Capsicum pubescens
• Chenopodium amaranticolor
• Chenopodium quinoa
• Datura metel
• Datura stramonium
• Nicotiana clevelandii
• Nicotiana debneyi
• Nicotiana glutinosa
• Nicotiana sylvestris
• Nicotiana tabacum
• Ocimum basilicum
• Petunia × hybrida
• Physalis floridana

Insusceptible host species

• Capsicum annuum
• Cucumis sativus
• Gomphrena globosa
• Lycopersicon esculentum
• Nicotiana glauca
• Nicotiana rustica
• Vigna unguiculata

Families containing susceptible hosts

• Chenopodiaceae (2/2)
• Labiatae (1/1)
• Solanaceae (19/22)

Families containing insusceptible hosts

• Amaranthaceae (1/1)
• Cucurbitaceae (1/1)
• Leguminosae-Papilionoideae (1/1)
• Solanaceae (4/22)

Sources of host-range data

Wetter et al. (1984); Wetter and Conti (1987).

Physical and biochemical properties

Properties of particles in sap

TIP: 95 °C. LIV: more than 30 days (i.e several months). DEP: log₁₀ minus 6-8 (Wetter and Conti, 1984). Infectivity of sap not changed by treatment with di-ethyl ether. Leaf sap contains many virions.

Purification method

Wetter et al. (1984).

Particle morphology

Virions rigid rod-shaped; not enveloped; usually straight; with a clear modal length; of 312 nm; 18 nm wide. Axial canal obvious; 4 nm in diameter. Basic helix obvious; pitch of basic helix c. 2.3 nm.

Physical properties

One sedimenting component in purified preparations. Isoelectric point pH 3.38-3.71.

NCBI sequence data (Entrez search)

Sequence database accession code(s)

• M81413 Em(40)_vi:PPPSLF Gb(84)_vi:PPPSLF Nucleotide sequence of the genomic RNA of the tobamovirus Pepper mild mottle virus, strain S, 1 sequence.

Features of proteins

Virion protein(s) one. Method of preparation: Fraenkel-Conrat (1957). Amino acid composition: Wetter et al. (1984); Creaser et al. (1989).

Replication

Genome replicates in cytoplasm. Replication does not depend on a helper virus.

Cytopathology

Virions found in mesophyll and phloem; in cytoplasm. Inclusions present in infected cells; are crystals in the cytoplasm and unusual in shape; aggregates layered in angles; they contain virions.

Taxonomy and relationships

Tobamovirus

Virus(es) with serologically related virions

Tobacco mosaic, tobacco mild green mosaic, tomato mosaic, odontoglossum ringspot, ribgrass mosaic, sunn-hemp mosaic and cucumber green mottle viruses.

Comments and References

References

• Cohen, S. and Ben-Josef, R. (1989). Hassadeh 70: 394.
• Creaser, W., Gibbs, A.J. and Pares, R.D. (1987). Australas. Pl. Path. 16: 85.
• Marte, M. and Wetter, C. (1986). Z. PflKrankh. PflPath. PflSchutz. 93: 37.
• McKinney, H.H. (1952). Pl. Dis. Reptr 36: 184.
• Paludan, N. (1982). Acta Hort. 127: 65.
• Pares, R.D. (1985). Ann. appl. Biol. 106: 469.
• Tanzi, M., Betti, L., Bertaccini, A. and Canova, A. (1988). Phytopath. Medit. 27: 28.
• Tobias, J., Rast, A.Th.B. and Maat, D.Z. (1982). Neth. J. Pl. Path. 88: 257.
• Wetter, C. (1984). Plant Dis. 68: 597.
• Wetter, C. and Conti, M. (1987). AAB Descr. Pl. Viruses No. 330.
• Wetter, C., Conti, M., Altschuh, D., Tabillion, R. and van Regenmortel, M.H.V. (1984). Phytopathology 74: 405.

Cite this publication as: Brunt, A.A., Crabtree, K., Dallwitz, M.J., Gibbs, A.J., Watson, L. and Zurcher, E.J. (eds.) (1996 onwards). `Plant Viruses Online: Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database. Version: 20^th August 1996.' URL http://biology.anu.edu.au/Groups/MES/vide/

Dallwitz (1980) and Dallwitz, Paine and Zurcher (1993) should also be cited.