Plant Viruses Online   

Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database

Peanut mottle potyvirus

Index

• Nomenclature
• Host range, transmission and symptoms
• Physical and biochemical properties
• Taxonomy and relationships
• Comments and References

Data collated by K. Bock, 1980. Revised 1987 by J.R. Edwardson. Updated 1991 by A.A. Brunt.

Nomenclature

Synonyms

groundnut mottle virus, peanut mild mosaic virus, peanut severe mosaic virus.

Acronym

PeMoV

ICTV decimal code

57.0.1.0.049

Host range and symptoms

Natural host range and symptoms

Symptoms persist.
• Arachis hypogaea - East African isolates, often symptomless or mild mottle. Strains in the USA cause mottling with necrosis and mosaic.
• Arachis pintoi - chlorotic ringspots in leaves.
• Cassia bicapsularis (east Africa) and C. leptocarpa, C. occidentalis, C. tora (U.S.A.) - mild dark green mottling.
• Glycine max, Phaseolus vulgaris, Pisum sativum - leaf mottling and necrosis.
• Stylosanthes sp. - mild leaf chlorosis and stunting.

Transmission

Transmitted by a vector; an insect; Aphis craccivora, A. gossypii, Hyperomyzus lactucae, Myzus persicae, Rhopalosiphum padi; Aphididae. Transmitted in a non-persistent manner (A. craccivora can remain infective for 2 hours and M. persicae for 12 hours after acquisition (Paguio and Kuhn, 1974)). Virus transmitted by mechanical inoculation; transmitted by seed (0.02-2% in Arachis hypogaea; to 1% in Phaseolus vulgaris and to 0.008% in Vigna unguiculata (Demski et al., 1983), but not in Glycine max, Pisum sativum, Cassia obtusifolia).

Ecology and control

Studies reported by Paguio and Kuhn (1974); Kuhn and Demski (1975; 1977); Boerma and Kuhn (1976); Shipe et al. (1979).

Geographical distribution

Spreads in the African region, the Eastern Asian region, and the South and Central American region; Australia (the north east), Colombia, India (possibly), Japan, Malaysia, the Philippines, Taiwan, the USA (in the south east).

Experimental host range

Few (<3) families susceptible.

Diagnostically susceptible host species and symptoms

• Arachis hypogaea - necrotic local lesions, then systemic mottling, mosaic, necrosis.
• Cassia occidentalis - systemic mosaic; not infected by severe strain.
• Glycine max - systemic dark green mottling, crinkling, blistering and malformation.
• Phaseolus vulgaris - chlorotic local lesions; only some strains systemic.
• Nicotiana clevelandii - systemic mottling.

Maintenance and propagation hosts

Pisum sativum, Vigna unguiculata, Nicotiana clevelandii (Phaseolus lunatus strain only).

Assay hosts (Local lesions or Whole plants)

Chenopodium amaranticolor (Cassia and Vigna isolates only), Phaseolus vulgaris (L most isolates).

Susceptible host species

• Arachis hypogaea (cvs Natal Common, Argentine)
• Arachis pintoi
• Cassia bicapsularis (host adapted strain in Africa)
• Cassia leptocarpa
• Cassia obtusifolia
• Cassia occidentalis
• Cassia tora
• Chenopodium amaranticolor
• Citrullus lanatus
• Cucumis sativus
• Cyamopsis tetragonoloba
• Glycine max
• Glycine tabacina
• Gomphrena globosa
• Lathyrus odoratus
• Lupinus albus
• Macroptilium lathyroides
• Nicotiana clevelandii
• Phaseolus vulgaris
• Pisum sativum
• Sesamum indicum
• Spinacia oleracea
• Stylosanthes
• Trifolium incarnatum
• Vicia faba
• Vigna subterranea
• Vigna unguiculata
• Vigna unguiculata ssp. cylindrica
• Vigna unguiculata ssp. sesquipedalis

Insusceptible host species

• Amaranthus retroflexus
• Cajanus cajan
• Capsicum annuum
• Capsicum frutescens
• Carica papaya
• Cassia occidentalis
• Cassia tora
• Catharanthus roseus
• Chenopodium album
• Chenopodium amaranticolor
• Chenopodium quinoa
• Citrullus lanatus
• Crotalaria spectabilis
• Cucumis melo
• Cucumis sativus
• Cucurbita pepo
• Cyphomandra betacea
• Datura stramonium
• Fagopyrum esculentum
• Gomphrena globosa
• Helianthus annuus
• Lathyrus odoratus
• Lens culinaris
• Lupinus angustifolius
• Lycopersicon esculentum
• Medicago sativa
• Melilotus albus
• Melilotus officinalis
• Nicandra physalodes
• Nicotiana glutinosa
• Nicotiana rustica
• Nicotiana tabacum
• Passiflora edulis
• Petunia × hybrida
• Phaseolus acutifolius
• Phaseolus lunatus
• Phaseolus vulgaris
• Phytolacca americana
• Raphanus sativus
• Trifolium hybridum
• Trifolium incarnatum
• Trifolium pratense
• Trifolium repens
• Trifolium subterraneum
• Vicia faba
• Vicia villosa
• Zinnia elegans

Families containing susceptible hosts

• Amaranthaceae (1/2)
• Chenopodiaceae (2/4)
• Cucurbitaceae (2/4)
• Leguminosae-Caesalpinioideae (5/5)
• Leguminosae-Papilionoideae (17/31)
• Pedaliaceae (1/1)
• Solanaceae (1/11)

Families containing insusceptible hosts

• Amaranthaceae (2/2)
• Apocynaceae (1/1)
• Caricaceae (1/1)
• Chenopodiaceae (3/4)
• Compositae (2/2)
• Cruciferae (1/1)
• Cucurbitaceae (4/4)
• Leguminosae-Caesalpinioideae (2/5)
• Leguminosae-Papilionoideae (18 /31)
• Passifloraceae (1/1)
• Phytolaccaceae (1/1)
• Polygonaceae (1/1)
• Solanaceae (10/11)

Sources of host-range data

Bock (1973); Bock et al. (1975, 1978); Choopanya (1983); Demski et al. (1983); Inouye (1969); Roechan et al. (1978).

Physical and biochemical properties

Properties of particles in sap

TIP: 54-65 °C (but varies with isolates, and host adapted variants). LIV: 0.5-6 days, or 8 days. DEP: log₁₀ minus 2-6. Infectivity of sap not changed by treatment with di-ethyl ether. Leaf sap contains few virions (probably).

Purification method

Sun et al. (1972); Bock et al. (1975, 1978).

Particle morphology

Virions filamentous; not enveloped; usually flexuous; with a clear modal length; of 740-750 nm (but may range between 704-984 nm). Axial canal obscure. Basic helix obscure.

Physical properties

One sedimenting component in purified preparations; sedimentation coefficient 151 S (Rajeshwari et al., 1983). A₂₆₀/A₂₈₀ ratio 2.6 (specific absorbance at 260 nm).

Biochemical properties

Virions contain c. 6 % nucleic acid (Bock et al., 1975).

Genome consists of RNA; single-stranded. Total genome size 9.8 kb (Rajeshwari et al., 1983). Genome unipartite; largest (or only) genome part 9.8 kb.

NCBI sequence data (Entrez search)

Sequence database accession code(s)

• L32956 Em(40)_vi:PTWCOATA Gb(84)_vi:PTWCOATA Peanut mottle virus coat protein mRNA. 5/94 1,123bp.
• L32957 Em(40)_vi:PTWCOATB Gb(84)_vi:PTWCOATB Peanut mottle virus coat protein mRNA. 5/94 1,122bp.
• L32958 Em(40)_vi:PTWCOATC Gb(84)_vi:PTWCOATC Peanut mottle virus coat protein mRNA. 5/94 1,123bp.
• L32959 Em(40)_vi:PTWCOATD Gb(84)_vi:PTWCOATD Peanut mottle virus coat protein mRNA. 5/94 1,123bp
• L32960 Em(40)_vi:PTWCOATE Gb(84)_vi:PTWCOATE Peanut mottle virus coat protein mRNA. 5/94 1,123bp.
• X73422 Em(40)_vi:PMPCPR Gb(84)_vi:PMPCPR Peanut Mottle Potyvirus genomic RNA for coat protein. 5/94 1,244bp. 6 sequences.

Features of proteins

Virion protein(s) two; M_r of the larger 54100. M_r of 2nd largest 39900; coat protein subunits. Method of preparation: Barton (1978).

Cytopathology

Virions found in all parts of the host plant; in cytoplasm. Inclusions present in infected cells; are crystals in the nucleus (Xu, 1984), or unusual in shape; however, most isolates induce pinwheels, bundles, laminated aggregates and scrolls (Christie and Edwardson, 1977; Inouye, 1973; Herold and Munz, 1969; Choopanya, 1983); they do not contain virions.

Taxonomy and relationships

Potyvirus: Potyviridae

Virus(es) with serologically related virions

Amaranthus leaf mottle (Rajeshwari et al., 1983), clover yellow vein (Rajeshwari et al., 1983), Colombian datura (Meyer, 1982), cowpea aphid-borne mosaic (Rajeshwari et al., 1983), potato A (Meyer, 1982), potato Y (Meyer, 1982), soybean mosaic (Rajeshwari et al., 1983) and tobacco etch viruses.

Virus(es) with serologically unrelated virions

Bean common mosaic (Meyer, 1982), bean yellow mosaic, celery mosaic, iris mild mosaic, sugarcane mosaic and tobacco vein mottling viruses.

Comments and References

References

• Behncken, G.M. (1970). Aust. J. agric. Res. 21: 465.
• Bock, K.R. (1973). Ann. appl. Biol. 74: 171.
• Bock, K.R. and Kuhn, C.W. (1975). CMI/AAB Descr. Pl. Viruses No. 141, 4 pp.
• Bock, K.R., Guthrie, E.J. and Meredith, G. (1978). Ann. appl. Biol. 89: 423.
• Boerma, H.R. and Kuhn, C.W. (1976). Crop Sci. 16: 533.
• Choopanya, D. (1983). Abstr. 4th. Int. Cong. Pl. Path., Melbourne. 448.
• Demski, J.W., Alexander, A.T., Stefani, M.A. and Kuhn, C.W. (1983). Plant Dis. 67: 267.
• Edwardson, J.R. and Christie, R.G. (1986). Fla Agric. Exp. Stn Monog. No. 14, p. 431.
• Herold, F. and Munz, K. (1969). Phytopathology 59: 663.
• Inouye, T. (1969). Nogaku Kenkyu 52: 159.
• Inouye, T. (1973). Nogaku Kenkyu 54: 155.
• Kuhn, C.W. (1965). Phytopathology 55: 880.
• Kuhn, C.W. and Demski, J.W. (1975). Georgia Agric. Exp. Stn Res. Rep. 213: 1.
• Meyer, S. (1982). Phytopath. Z. 105: 271.
• Morales, F.J., Castano, M., Velasco, A.C., Arroyave, J. and Zettler, F.W. (1991). Plant Dis. 75: 1090.
• Paguio, O.R. and Kuhn, C.W. (1974). Proc. Am. Phytopath. Soc. 1: 165.
• Paguio, O.R. and Kuhn, C.W. (1973). Phytopathology 63: 976.
• Paguio, O.R. and Kuhn, C.W. (1974). Phytopathology 64: 60.
• Rajeshwari, R., Iizuka, N., Nolt, B.L. and Reddy, D.V.R. (1983). Pl. Path. 32: 197.
• Shipe, E.R., Buss, G.R. and Tolin, S.A. (1979). Crop Sci. 19: 656.
• Sun, M.K.C. and Hebert, T.T. (1972). Phytopathology 62: 832.
• Tolin, S.A. and Ford, R.H. (1983). Phytopathology 73: 899.
• Xu, Z.G. (1984). M.Sc. Thesis, Univ. Florida, Gainesville, Florida, U.S.A.

Cite this publication as: Brunt, A.A., Crabtree, K., Dallwitz, M.J., Gibbs, A.J., Watson, L. and Zurcher, E.J. (eds.) (1996 onwards). `Plant Viruses Online: Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database. Version: 20^th August 1996.' URL http://biology.anu.edu.au/Groups/MES/vide/

Dallwitz (1980) and Dallwitz, Paine and Zurcher (1993) should also be cited.