Plant Viruses Online   

Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database

Parsnip yellow fleck sequivirus

Index

• Nomenclature
• Host range, transmission and symptoms
• Physical and biochemical properties
• Taxonomy and relationships
• Comments and References

Data collated by P. Jeyanandarajah, 1992.

Nomenclature

Acronym

PYFV

Strains

serotypes P121 from Pastinaca sativa and A421 from Anthriscus cerefolium.

ICTV decimal code

65.0.1.0.003

Host range and symptoms

Natural host range and symptoms

Symptoms persist. Symptoms yellow flecks, mosaic, necrosis.
• Pastinaca sativa, Heracleum sphondylium - chlorotic vein banding, yellow flecks and leaf mosaic.
• Anthriscus sylvestris, Apium graveolens - no conspicuous symptoms.
• Aethusa cynapium, Anethum graveolens, Anthriscus cerefolium, Chaerophyllum temulum, Coriandrum sativum, Daucus carota, Oenanthe aquatica, Torilis japonica - leaf yellowing and dieback (Anthriscus serotype).

Transmission

Transmitted by a vector; an insect; Cavariella aegopodii, C. pastinacae; Aphididae. Not transmitted by Cavariella theobaldii. Transmitted in a semi-persistent manner. Virus lost by the vector when it moults; not transmitted congenitally to the progeny of the vector; requires, for vector transmission, a helper virus (anthriscus yellows waikavirus); transmitted by mechanical inoculation; not transmitted by seed; not transmitted by pollen.

Geographical distribution

Spreads in Germany and the UK.

Experimental host range

Several (3-9) families susceptible. Experimentally infected plants mostly show yellow flecks, mosaic, distortion of leaves, veinal necrosis, local chlorotic or necrotic spots or rings.

Diagnostically susceptible host species and symptoms

• Anthriscus cerefolium, Coriandrum sativum, Spinacia oleracea, Nicotiana clevelandii, Petroselinum crispum, Chenopodium quinoa, Gomphrena globosa, Montia perfoliata, Chenopodium amaranticolor - yellow flecks, necrosis, chlorotic and necrotic local lesions.
• Nicotiana benthamiana - chlorotic local lesions; systemic vein yellowing, chlorosis and tip necrosis (Anthriscus serotype).

Diagnostically insusceptible host species

Brassica campestris ssp. pekinensis, Foeniculum vulgare, Phaseolus vulgaris, Verbesina encelioides, Vigna unguiculata.

Maintenance and propagation hosts

Spinacia oleracea and, for some isolates, Anthriscus cerefolium.

Assay hosts (Local lesions or Whole plants)

Anthriscus cerefolium (W), Chenopodium quinoa (L).

Susceptible host species

• Aethusa cynapium
• Anethum graveolens
• Anthriscus cerefolium
• Anthriscus sylvestris
• Apium graveolens
• Beta vulgaris
• Chaerophyllum temulum
• Chenopodium amaranticolor
• Chenopodium ambrosioides
• Chenopodium capitatum
• Chenopodium murale
• Chenopodium quinoa
• Coriandrum sativum
• Cucumis sativus
• Datura stramonium
• Daucus carota
• Gomphrena globosa
• Heracleum sphondylium
• Hyoscyamus niger
• Lycopersicon esculentum
• Montia perfoliata
• Nicotiana benthamiana
• Nicotiana clevelandii
• Nicotiana glutinosa
• Nicotiana rustica
• Nicotiana tabacum
• Oenanthe aquatica
• Pastinaca sativa
• Petroselinum crispum
• Petunia × hybrida
• Spinacia oleracea
• Tetragonia tetragonioides
• Torilis japonica

Insusceptible host species

• Brassica campestris ssp. pekinensis
• Foeniculum vulgare
• Phaseolus vulgaris
• Verbesina encelioides
• Vigna unguiculata

Families containing susceptible hosts

• Amaranthaceae (1/1)
• Chenopodiaceae (7/7)
• Cucurbitaceae (1/1)
• Portulacaceae (1/1)
• Solanaceae (9/9)
• Tetragoniaceae (1/1)
• Umbelliferae (13/14)

Families containing insusceptible hosts

• Compositae (1/1)
• Cruciferae (1/1)
• Leguminosae-Papilionoideae (2/2)
• Umbelliferae (1/14)

Sources of host-range data

Murant and Goold (1968); Hemida and Murant (1989).

Physical and biochemical properties

Properties of particles in sap

TIP: 57.5-65 °C. LIV: 4-7 days (at room temperature). DEP: log₁₀ minus 3-4.

Purification method

Hemida and Murant (1989).

Particle morphology

Virions isometric; c. 31 nm in diameter.

Physical properties

Two sedimenting components in purified preparations; sedimentation coefficient 153 S (B); of the other(s) 60 S (T). Density 1.297 g cm^-3 in CsCl (T), or 1.49 g cm^-3 in CsCl (B). A₂₆₀/A₂₈₀ ratio 1.59 (B), or 1.46 (T).

Biochemical properties

Virions contain 40 % nucleic acid.

Genome consists of RNA; single-stranded. Total genome size 9.871 kb. Genome unipartite; largest (or only) genome part 9.871 kb.

NCBI sequence data (Entrez search)

Sequence database accession code(s)

• D14066 Em(40)_vi:PYFPOLYP Gb(84)_vi:PYFPOLYP Parsnip yellow fleck virus (PYFV) RNA encoding polyprotein, complete cds. 2/93 9,871bp. 1 sequence.

Features of proteins

Virion protein(s) three; M_r 30900; it is coat protein. M_r of 2nd largest 25500. M_r of 3rd largest 22700.

Cytopathology

Virions found in mesophyll. Inclusions present in infected cells; are membranous bodies; they contain virions.

Taxonomy and relationships

Sequivirus: Sequiviridae (the type species)

Differences between type strain and others

Differ serologically and in host range.

Comments and References

References

• Elnager, S. (1974). Ph. D. Thesis, 168 pp. University of Dundee, U.K.
• Elnager, S. and Murant, A.F. (1976). Ann. appl. Biol. 84: 153.
• Elnager, S. and Murant, A.F. (1976). Ann. appl. Biol. 84: 169.
• Hemida, S.K. and Murant, A.F. (1989). Ann. appl. Biol. 114: 87.
• Hemida, S.K. and Murant, A.F. (1989). Ann. appl. Biol. 114: 101.
• Lennon, A.M. (1984). Ph. D. Thesis, 300 pp. University of Manchester, U.K.
• Murant, A.F. (1974). CMI/AAB Descr. Pl. Viruses No. 129, 4 pp.
• Murant, A.F. (1988). In: The Plant Viruses; Vol. 3, Polyhedral Virions with Monopartite Genomes. pp. 273-288, ed. Koenig, R. Plenum Press, New York.
• Murant, A.F. (1993). Arch. Virol. 131: 441.
• Murant, A.F. and Goold, R.A. (1968). Ann. appl. Biol. 62: 123.
• Reavy, B., Mayo, M.A., Turnbull-Ross, A.D. and Murant, A.F. (1993). Arch. Virol. 131: 441.
• Singh, H. (1980). Ph. D. Thesis. University of Manchester, U.K.
• Tomlinson, J.A. and Carter (1970). Rep. Nat. Veg. Res. Stn. 1969, p. 110.
• Turnbull-Ross, A.D., Reavy, B., Mayo, M.A. and Murant, A.F. (1992). J. gen. Virol. 173: 3203.
• Turnbull-Ross, A.D., Mayo, M.A., Reavy, B. and Murant, A.F. (1993). J. gen. Virol. 74: 555.
• Van Dijk, P. and Bos, L. (1985). Neth. J. Pl. Path. 91: 169.
• Waterhouse, P.M. (1981). Ph. D. Thesis, 244 pp. University of Dundee, U.K.

Illustrations

Cite this publication as: Brunt, A.A., Crabtree, K., Dallwitz, M.J., Gibbs, A.J., Watson, L. and Zurcher, E.J. (eds.) (1996 onwards). `Plant Viruses Online: Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database. Version: 20^th August 1996.' URL http://biology.anu.edu.au/Groups/MES/vide/

Dallwitz (1980) and Dallwitz, Paine and Zurcher (1993) should also be cited.