Plant Viruses Online   

Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database

Panicum mosaic (?) sobemovirus

Index

• Nomenclature
• Host range, transmission and symptoms
• Physical and biochemical properties
• Taxonomy and relationships
• Comments and References

Data collated by A.A. Brunt, A.O. Jackson and C.L. Niblett, 1988, Updated by A.A. Brunt, 1992.

Nomenclature

Synonyms

St. Augustine decline virus.

Acronym

PMV

Strains

Type strain (TS) and St. Augustine decline virus (SAD), probably molinia streak virus (Paul et al., 1980; Hull, 1988).

ICTV decimal code

67.0.1.T.017

Host range and symptoms

Natural host range and symptoms

Symptoms persist.
• Panicum virgatum - faint chlorosis.
• Eremochloa ophiuroides - chlorotic leaf spots and blotches.
• Muhlenbergia schreberi - leaf chlorosis.

Transmission

Transmitted on cutting shears. Virus transmitted by mechanical inoculation; transmitted by seed (SAD), or not transmitted by seed (TS).

Geographical distribution

Spreads in Mexico and the USA.

Experimental host range

Few (<3) families susceptible.

Diagnostically susceptible host species and symptoms

• Zea mays inbred lines Ohio 28 and N28 - mild systemic mosaic (type strain only).
• Stenotaphrum secundatum - systemic chlorotic mottling (St. Augustine decline strain only).
• Avena sativa, Secale cereale, Hordeum vulgare, Triticum aestivum, Sorghum bicolor - chlorotic local lesions.

Diagnostically insusceptible host species

Nicotiana tabacum, Phaseolus vulgaris, Cucumis sativus, Chenopodium quinoa, Tetragonia tetragonioides.

Maintenance and propagation hosts

Zea mays inbred line N28 (type strain), Stenotaphrum secundatum (St. Augustine decline strain).

Assay hosts (Local lesions or Whole plants)

Panicum miliaceum (W), Setaria italica (W).

Susceptible host species

• Avena sativa
• Eremochloa ophiuroides
• Hordeum vulgare
• Muhlenbergia schreberi
• Panicum dichotomiflorum
• Panicum miliaceum
• Panicum virgatum
• Secale cereale
• Setaria italica
• Sorghum bicolor
• Stenotaphrum secundatum (St. Augustine decline strain)
• Triticum aestivum
• Triticum durum
• Zea mays

Insusceptible host species

• Apium graveolens
• Beta vulgaris
• Brassica oleracea var. capitata
• Capsicum frutescens
• Cassia occidentalis
• Catharanthus roseus
• Chenopodium amaranticolor
• Chenopodium ambrosioides
• Chenopodium capitatum
• Chenopodium foetidum
• Chenopodium murale
• Chenopodium quinoa
• Cucumis melo
• Cucumis sativus
• Cucurbita maxima
• Cucurbita pepo
• Cyamopsis tetragonoloba
• Datura metel
• Datura stramonium
• Daucus carota
• Glycine max
• Gomphrena globosa
• Helianthus annuus
• Lactuca sativa
• Lycopersicon esculentum
• Medicago sativa
• Momordica balsamina
• Nicotiana debneyi
• Nicotiana glutinosa
• Nicotiana megalosiphon
• Nicotiana sylvestris
• Nicotiana tabacum
• Petunia × hybrida
• Phaseolus vulgaris
• Physalis floridana
• Pisum sativum
• Solanum melongena
• Spinacia oleracea
• Tetragonia tetragonioides
• Tithonia speciosa
• Torenia fournieri
• Vigna radiata
• Vigna unguiculata
• Vigna unguiculata ssp. cylindrica
• Zinnia elegans

Families containing susceptible hosts

• Gramineae (14/14)

Families containing insusceptible hosts

• Amaranthaceae (1/1)
• Apocynaceae (1/1)
• Chenopodiaceae (8/8)
• Compositae (4/4)
• Cruciferae (1/1)
• Cucurbitaceae (5/5)
• Leguminosae-Caesalpinioideae (1/1)
• Leguminosae-Papilionoideae (8/8)
• Scrophulariaceae (1/1)
• Solanaceae (12 /12)
• Tetragoniaceae (1/1)
• Umbelliferae (2/2)

Sources of host-range data

McCoy et al. (1969); Niblett and Paulsen (1975).

Physical and biochemical properties

Properties of particles in sap

TIP: 85 °C (TS), or 60 °C (SAD). DEP: log₁₀ minus 5 (TS), or 4 (SAD). Leaf sap contains many virions (c.0.5 mg/g fresh weight of tissue).

Purification method

Niblett and Paulsen (1975).

Particle morphology

Virions isometric; 25-30 nm in diameter; angular in profile; with a conspicuous capsomere arrangement.

Physical properties

One sedimenting component in purified preparations; sedimentation coefficient 109 S (TS); of the other(s) 102 S (SAD).

Biochemical properties

Virions contain 28 % nucleic acid; 72 % protein.

Genome consists of RNA; single-stranded; linear. Total genome size 4.2 kb. Genome unipartite; largest (or only) genome part 4.2 kb.

NCBI sequence data (Entrez search)

Sequence database accession code(s)

Em_vi:SAPCAP - capsid protein gene, 826bp.

Features of the genome

Non-genomic nucleic acid not found in the virions. Sub-genomic mRNA found in infected cells. 3 virus specified dsRNA species found in infected cells. Size of largest virus specified dsRNA 4.6 kbp; 2nd largest 3 kbp; 3rd largest 1.3 kbp.

Features of proteins

Virion protein(s) one; M_r 29000; coat protein.

Replication

Acts as helper for a satellite virus (with which it is often found. This satellite virus has virions 15-18 nm in diameter which sediment as one component of 42 S and contain two ssRNAs (14 S and 34 S) and a single polypeptide (M_r 15500)).

Cytopathology

Virions found in leaves; in cytoplasm. Inclusions present in infected cells; are crystals in the cytoplasm; they contain virions. Other cellular changes: disruption of mitochondria and tonoplast.

Taxonomy and relationships

Sobemovirus

Virus(es) with serologically related virions

Cocksfoot mild mosaic (syn. phleum mottle) and panicum mosaic (syn. molinia streak) viruses.

Virus(es) with serologically unrelated virions

Cocksfoot mild mottle virus.

Comments and References

References

• Haygood, R.A. and Barnett, O.W. (1992). Plant Dis. 76: 46.
• Holcomb, G.E. (1974). Proc. Am. Phytopath. Soc. 1: 21.
• Holcomb, G.E., Derrick, K.S., Carver, R.B. and Toler, R.W. (1972). Pl. Dis. Reptr 56: 69.
• Hull, R. (1988). In: The Plant Viruses, Vol. 3, Polyhedral Virions with Monopartite RNA Genomes, p. 113; ed. R. Koenig. Plenum Press, New York.
• Toler, R.W., McCoy, N.L. and Amadok, J. (1969). Pl. Dis. Reptr 53: 955.
• Niblett, C.S. and Paulsen, A.Q. (1975). Phytopathology 65: 1157.
• Niblett, C.L., Paulsen, A.Q. and Toler, R.W. (1977). CMI/AAB Descr. Pl. Viruses No. 177, 4 pp.
• Paul, H.L., Querfurth, G. and Huth, W. (1980). J. gen. Virol. 47: 67.
• Sill, W.H. and Pickett, R.C. (1957). Pl. Dis. Reptr 41: 241.
• Sill, W.H. and Talens, L.T. (1962). Pl. Dis. Reptr 46: 780.

Cite this publication as: Brunt, A.A., Crabtree, K., Dallwitz, M.J., Gibbs, A.J., Watson, L. and Zurcher, E.J. (eds.) (1996 onwards). `Plant Viruses Online: Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database. Version: 20^th August 1996.' URL http://biology.anu.edu.au/Groups/MES/vide/

Dallwitz (1980) and Dallwitz, Paine and Zurcher (1993) should also be cited.