Plant Viruses
Online 
Descriptions and Lists from
the VIDE Database
Okra mosaic
tymovirus
Index
Data collated by L. Givord, 1984. Revised 1991.
Nomenclature
Synonyms
virus de la mosaique du Gombo.
Acronym
Strains
VMG-CI (IC. OkMV) from
Abelmoschus esculentus, C“te d'Ivoire; VM-HR, from H.
rosa-sinensis, C“te d'Ivoire; VMG-Nig (N.OkMV) from A. esculentus in
Nigeria (Givord, 1977; Bozarth et al., 1977).
ICTV decimal code
Host range and symptoms
First reported
in Abelmoschus esculentus; from C“te d'Ivoire; by Givord et al.
(1972).
Natural host range and symptoms
Symptoms persist (in all
other families except Malvaceae). Symptoms mosaic, vein chlorosis and banding in
Malvaceae. Other families show interveinal chlorosis, vein chlorosis and vein
banding. In all families plants are often stunted.
- Abelmoschus esculentus, Hibiscus rosa-sinensis - mosaic and
vein banding.
- Abutilon hirtum - yellow mosaic.
- Borreria
intricans - interveinal mosaic.
- Corchorus olitorius, Hibiscus
sabdariffa - vein chlorosis and vein banding.
- Malvastrum
coromandelianum, Sida acuta, S. rhomboidea - yellow mosaic.
- Physalis angulata - symptomless.
- Sida linifolia -
mosaic and vein banding.
- Urena lobata - some star-shaped light
green areas.
Transmission
Transmitted by a vector; an insect;
Podagrica decolorata in C“te d'Ivoire (Givord and den Boer, 1980);
Podagrica uniforma, P. sjostedti in Nigeria (Lana and Taylor, 1976;
Atiri, 1984). Possibly Bemisia tabaci is a vector in Nigeria (Lana and
Taylor, 1976), but needs confirmation; Coleoptera. Not transmitted by Aphis
gossypii, Chrysolagria cuprina, Lagria villosa, Medythia quaterna, Ootheca
mutabilis, Nisotra dilecta. Transmitted in a non-persistent manner. Virus
transmitted by mechanical inoculation; transmitted by grafting; not transmitted
by seed.
Ecology and control
Studies reported by natural and
synthetic chemicals are known for control (Atiri, 1991). Tolerant cultivars;
Perkins Long Pod in C“te d'Ivoire (Givord, 1980), NHAE 621 and NHAE 117 in
Nigeria (Atiri, 1983).
Geographical distribution
Spreads in
Cote d'Ivoire and Nigeria.
Experimental host range
Many (>9) families
susceptible. Experimentally infected plants mostly show regular vein chlorosis,
large chlorotic bands along principal veins, spotting or dotting, chlorotic
mosaic, chlorotic local lesions, stunting.
Diagnostically
susceptible host species and symptoms
- Chenopodium
amaranticolor - systemic chlorotic spotting and line patterns.
- Cucumis sativus - large chlorotic local lesions, then systemic
vein chlorosis.
- Arachis hypogaea - dark and light green mosaic.
- Vigna unguiculata - fine systemic vein chlorosis and mosaic.
- Nicotiana clevelandii - systemic dark green and whitish mosaic,
dwarfing.
Diagnostically insusceptible host species
Zinnia elegans, Brassica campestris ssp. pekinensis, Cucurbita
pepo, Phaseolus vulgaris, Datura stramonium.
Maintenance and
propagation hosts
Cucumis sativus in temperate regions.
Abelmoschus esculentus in tropical regions.
Assay hosts (Local lesions or Whole plants)
no
reliable local lesion host known. Abelmoschus esculentus (W).
Susceptible host species
Insusceptible host species
Families containing susceptible hosts
Families containing
insusceptible hosts
Sources of host-range data
Givord
(1977; 1979); Givord and Hirth (1973); Igwegbe (1983); Lana and Bozarth (1975).
Physical and
biochemical properties
Properties of particles in sap
TIP: 80
°C. LIV: 7-9 days. DEP: log10 minus 6. Leaf sap contains many virions.
Purification method
Particle morphology
Virions isometric; not enveloped; 28
nm in diameter; rounded in profile; with a conspicuous capsomere arrangement.
Physical properties
Two sedimenting components in
purified preparations; sedimentation coefficient of the fastest 106 S
(B); of the other(s) 42 S (T). A260/A280 ratio 1.68 (B), or 0.89
(T).
Biochemical properties
Virions contain 32 % nucleic acid;
68 % protein; 0 % lipid.
Genome consists of RNA; single-stranded; unipartite (plus a sub-genomic
RNA coding for coat protein found in Bottom and Top). Base composition 17.2 % G;
17.5 % A; 39.8 % C; 25.5 % U. Infectivity retained when deproteinised with
phenol or detergent. Additional factor not required for infectivity. Genome has
tRNA-like activity. Genome accepts and it is valine.
Features of the genome
Non-genomic nucleic acid
found in the virions; is subgenomic mRNA.
Features of proteins
Virion protein(s) one. Amino
acid composition: Paul et al. (1980).
Replication
Replication does not depend on a helper
virus.
Cytopathology
Virions found in leaves and roots; in
nuclei (containing masses of empty protein shells), or in mitochondria
(containing vacuole-like vesicles with empty protein shell-like structures).
Other cellular changes: the small double membrane vesicles, that form in the
peripheries of chloroplasts, which become rounded, clumped, vacuolated and
disorganised (Lesemann, 1977).
Taxonomy and
relationships
Virus(es) with serologically related virions
Kennedya yellow mosaic, desmodium yellow mottle, clitoria yellow vein
and cacao yellow mosaic viruses are closely related, and other tymoviruses are
distantly serologically related (Koenig, 1976).
Differences between type strain and others
VMG-CI, VMG-Nig and VM.HR can be distinguished by five
diagnostic species and by their serological interrelationships (Givord, 1977).
IC-OkMV and N-OkMV can be distinguished on the basis of cross-serological
reaction with some other tymoviruses and differential host susceptibility
(Bozarth et al., 1977).
Comments and
References
References
- Atiri, G.I. (1983).
Ann. appl. Biol. 102 no Suppl.: 132.
- Atiri, G.I. (1984).
Ann. appl. Biol. 104: 261.
- Atiri, G.I., Ivbijaro, M.F. and
Oladele, A.D. (1991). Trop. Agric., Trin. 68: 178.
- Bozarth,
R.F., Lana, A.O., Koenig, R. and Reese, J. (1977). Phytopathology
67: 735.
- Genevaux, M., Pinck, M. and Duranton, H.M. (1976). Ann.
Microbiol. 127: 47.
- Givord, L. (1977). Annls. Phytopath.
9: 53.
- Givord, L. (1978). Pl. Dis. Reptr 62: 412.
- Givord, L. (1979). Agron. trop. 34: 88.
- Givord, L. (1980).
Ph.D. Thesis, University Louis Pasteur of Strasbourg, France.
- Givord,
L. and Den Boer, L. (1980). Ann. appl. Biol. 94: 235.
- Givord,
L. and Hirth, L. (1973). Ann. appl. Biol. 74: 359.
- Givord, L.
and Koenig, R. (1974). CMI/AAB Descr. Pl. Viruses No. 128, 4 pp.
- Givord, L., Pfeiffer, P. and Hirth, L. (1972). C. r. Acad. Sci. Paris
275: 1563.
- Hirth, L. and Givord, L. (1988). In: The Plant
Viruses. Vol. 3, Polyhedral virions with monopartite RNA genomes, p. 163;
ed. R. Koenig, Plenum Press, New York.
- Igwegbe, E.C.K. (1983). Plant
Dis. 67: 320.
- Koenig, R. (1976). Virology 72: 1.
- Koenig, R. and Givord, L. (1974). Virology 58: 119.
- Lana,
A.O. and Ajibola Taylor, T. (1976). Ann. appl. Biol. 82: 361.
- Lana, A.O. and Bozarth, R.F. (1975). Phytopath. Z. 83: 77.
- Lesemann, D.-E. (1977). Phytopath. Z. 90: 315.
- Marshall,
B. and Matthews, R.E.F. (1981). Virology 110: 253.
- Paul, H.L.,
Gibbs, A. and Wittmann-Liebold, B. (1980). Intervirology 13: 99.
Cite this publication as:
Brunt, A.A., Crabtree, K., Dallwitz, M.J., Gibbs, A.J., Watson, L. and Zurcher, E.J. (eds.)
(1996 onwards).
`Plant Viruses Online: Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database.
Version: 20th August 1996.' URL
http://biology.anu.edu.au/Groups/MES/vide/
Dallwitz (1980)
and
Dallwitz, Paine and Zurcher (1993)
should also be cited.
Please send comments, corrections and suggestions to:
vide-manager@biology.anu.edu.au