Plant Viruses Online   

Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database

Oat sterile dwarf fijivirus

Index

• Nomenclature
• Host range, transmission and symptoms
• Physical and biochemical properties
• Taxonomy and relationships
• Comments and References

Data collated by R.G. Milne, 1991.

Nomenclature

Synonyms

arrhenatherum blue dwarf virus (Milne and Lesemann, 1978; Muhle and Kempiak, 1971; Luisoni et al., 1979), lolium enation virus (Lesemann and Huth, 1975; Milne and Lesemann, 1978).

Acronym

OSDV

ICTV decimal code

60.0.7.3.001

Host range and symptoms

Natural host range and symptoms

Symptoms persist. Symptoms bushy, dwarf, dark green grass-like appearance; leaf malformation, yellowish or white enations (small galls) centred on veins or vein swellings on backs of leaves.
• Arrhenatherum elatius, Avena sativa, Hordeum vulgare, Lolium multiflorum, L. perenne - dwarfing, excess tillering, flower suppression and retention of non-maturing juvenile phase; dark green colour of leaves, which may be notched, ragged or malformed; small enations on abaxial surfaces of leaves, nodes and spike.

Transmission

Transmitted by a vector; an insect; Javesella pellucida, J. dubia, J. discolor, J. obscurella, Dicranotropis hamata; Delphacidae. Principal natural vector(s): Javesella pellucida. Not transmitted by Laodelphax striatellus. Transmitted in a persistent manner. Virus retained when the vector moults; multiplies in the vector; does not require a helper virus for vector transmission; transmitted by mechanical inoculation; not transmitted by contact between plants; not transmitted by seed; not transmitted by pollen.

Ecology and control

Studies reported by Boccardo and Milne (1980); Lindsten (1979); Brcak (1979).

Geographical distribution

Spreads in the former Czechoslovakia, Finland, Germany, Norway, Poland, Sweden, and the UK.

Experimental host range

Few (<3) families susceptible. Experimentally infected plants mostly show bushy, dwarf, dark green grass-like appearance; leaf malformation, yellow or white enations on veins or vein swellings on backs of leaves.

Diagnostically susceptible host species and symptoms

• Arrhenatherum elatius, Avena spp., Cynosurus cristatus, Hordeum spp., Lolium spp., Phalaris canariensis, Poa annua, Secale cereale, Triticum spp., Zea spp. - bushy dwarf dark green grasslike appearance, leaf malformation, yellow or white enations on veins or vein swellings on backs of leaves.

Diagnostically insusceptible host species

all species except those from the Gramineae. Insusceptible Gramineae include Elytrigia repens, Agrostis gigantea, Bromus inermis, Digitaria sanguinalis, Echinochloa crus-galli.

Maintenance and propagation hosts

Lolium multiflorum.

Assay hosts (Local lesions or Whole plants)

Avena sativa (W), Lolium multiflorum (W).

Susceptible host species

• Arrhenatherum elatius
• Avena fatua
• Avena sativa
• Cynosurus cristatus
• Festuca pratensis
• Holcus lanatus
• Hordeum vulgare
• Lagurus ovatus
• Lolium multiflorum
• Lolium perenne
• Lolium temulentum
• Phalaris canariensis
• Poa annua
• Secale cereale
• Triticum aestivum
• Zea mays

Insusceptible host species

• Agrostis gigantea
• Alopecurus myosuroides
• Apera spica-venti
• Bromus inermis
• Digitaria sanguinalis
• Echinochloa crus-galli
• Elytrigia repens

Families containing susceptible hosts

• Gramineae (16/23)

Families containing insusceptible hosts

• Gramineae (7/23)

Sources of host-range data

Milne and Lovisolo (1977).

Physical and biochemical properties

Properties of particles in sap

Leaf sap contains few virions. Electron microscopy: take material from enations only, or swollen leaf veins; use UA, not PTA, glutaraldehyde causes damage.

Purification method

Luisoni et al. (1979); Boccardo and Milne (1980). Only B-spiked subvirions (SVPs) have been purified. Use 0.4M phosphate buffer pH 7, shake with Freon, recover SVPs in aqueous phase; apply 2 cycles of differential centrifugation, and a final rate-zonal caesium sulphate density gradient.

Particle morphology

Virions isometric; subvirions are commonly seen, appearing as 50 nm diameter spheres with spikes; not enveloped; 65-70 nm in diameter (complete virions); rounded in profile.

Physical properties

One sedimenting component in purified preparations to four sedimenting components in purified preparations.

Biochemical properties

Genome consists of RNA; double-stranded; linear. Total genome size 28.91 kb (pairs). Genome of 10 parts (named S1-10); largest (or only) genome part the largest 4.4 kb (pairs); the 2nd largest 3.9 kb (pairs); the 3rd largest 3.7 kb (pairs); the 4th largest 3.7 kb (pairs); the 5th largest 3.3 kb (pairs); the 6th largest and other parts 2.9 kb (pairs; also 1.86, 1.83, 1.82 and 1.5 kb pairs). Genomic nucleic acid isolated by Luisoni et al. (1979).

Replication

Genome replicates in cytoplasm (of phloem and related cells of plants, and in the cytoplasm of many cell types in insects). Replication does not depend on a helper virus.

Cytopathology

Virions found in leaves, roots, phloem and companion cells; in cytoplasm; veins of infected plants are swollen or develop enations consisting of enlarged and proliferated phloem parenchyma. Most virions are found in these cells, and in the roots. Inclusions present in infected cells; are viroplasms and unusual in shape; crystalline arrays of complete virions and tubules or scroll-like structures composed of protein, usually containing virions; they contain virions. Other cellular changes: cell proliferation (Milne and Lovisolo, 1977; Milne, 1980).

Taxonomy and relationships

Fijivirus: Reoviridae

Virus(es) with serologically unrelated virions

Sugarcane fiji disease, maize rough dwarf, rice black-streaked dwarf and pangola stunt viruses.

Comments and References

References

• Boccardo, G. and Milne, R.G. (1980). CMI/AAB Descr. Pl. Viruses No. 217.
• Boccardo, G. and Milne, R.G. (1984). CMI/AAB Descr. Pl. Viruses No. 294, 7pp.
• Brcak, J. (1979). In: Leafhopper Vectors and Plant Disease Agents p. 97; eds K. Maramorosch and K. Harris. Academic Press, New York.
• Lesemann, D.-E. and Huth, W. (1975). Phytopath. Z. 82: 246.
• Lindsten, K. (1959). Phytopath. Z. 35: 420.
• Lindsten, K. (1979). In: Leafhopper Vectors and Plant Disease Agents. p. 155; eds K. Maramorosch and K. Harris, Academic Press, New York.
• Luisoni, E., Boccardo, G., Milne, R.G. and Conti, M. (1979). J. gen. Virol. 45: 651.
• Milne, R.G. (1980). Microbiologica 3: 333.
• Milne, R.G. and Lesemann, D.-E. (1978). Virology 90: 299.
• Milne, R.G. and Lovisolo, O. (1977). Adv. Virus Res. 21: 267.
• Milne, R.G. and Luisoni, E. (1977). Virology 80: 12.
• Milne, R.G., Lindsten, K. and Conti, M. (1975). Ann. appl. Biol. 79: 371.
• Muhle, E. and Kempiak, G. (1971). Phytopath. Z. 72: 269.
• Prusa, V. (1958). Phytopath. Z. 33: 99.

Illustrations

Cite this publication as: Brunt, A.A., Crabtree, K., Dallwitz, M.J., Gibbs, A.J., Watson, L. and Zurcher, E.J. (eds.) (1996 onwards). `Plant Viruses Online: Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database. Version: 20^th August 1996.' URL http://biology.anu.edu.au/Groups/MES/vide/

Dallwitz (1980) and Dallwitz, Paine and Zurcher (1993) should also be cited.