Plant Viruses Online   

Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database

Narcissus latent macluravirus

Index

• Nomenclature
• Host range, transmission and symptoms
• Physical and biochemical properties
• Taxonomy and relationships
• Comments and References

Data collated by S. Phillips, 1985.

Nomenclature

Synonyms

gladiolus latent virus, gladiolus ringspot virus, iris mild mosaic virus (Derks et al., 1985), iris mild yellow mosaic virus (Asjes, 1979; Derks et al., 1985), irisbontvirus, narcissus mild mottle carlavirus.

Acronym

NLV

ICTV decimal code

57.0.U.2.002

Host range and symptoms

Natural host range and symptoms

Symptoms persist.
• Gladiolus cv. Scarlet Royal and Iris xiphium cv. praecox × I. tingitana (syn. Iris hollandica) bulbous iris - probably symptomless when present alone.
• Narcissus pseudonarcissus - leaf tip chlorosis in some cultivars.
• Nerine sarniensis cv. Rotherside - probably symptomless when present alone.

Transmission

Transmitted by a vector; an insect; Acyrthosiphon pisum, Myzus persicae, Aphis gossypii; Aphididae. Transmitted in a non-persistent manner. Virus transmitted by mechanical inoculation; not transmitted by contact between plants; not transmitted by seed; not transmitted by pollen.

Geographical distribution

Spreads in Australia, the Netherlands, and the UK.

Experimental host range

Several (3-9) families susceptible.

Diagnostically susceptible host species and symptoms

• Nicotiana clevelandii - systemic chlorotic spotting.
• Nicotiana benthamiana and N. megalosiphon - faint chlorotic local lesions, then some faint systemic chlorotic vein banding.
• Phaseolus vulgaris cv. The Prince - small chlorotic local lesions.
• Tetragonia tetragonioides - chlorotic local lesions, rarely systemic.

Diagnostically insusceptible host species

Chenopodium quinoa, Dianthus barbatus, Vigna unguiculata, Trifolium incarnatum, Gomphrena globosa.

Maintenance and propagation hosts

Nicotiana clevelandii, N. benthamiana, N. megalosiphon.

Assay hosts (Local lesions or Whole plants)

Nicotiana clevelandii (W), N. megalosiphon (W), Tetragonia tetragonioides (L) (unreliable), Phaseolus vulgaris (L) (unreliable).

Susceptible host species

• Datura metel
• Datura stramonium
• Gladiolus (cv. Scarlet Royal)
• Iris xiphium (cv. praecox X I. tingitana)
• Narcissus pseudonarcissus
• Nerine sarniensis (cv. Rotherside)
• Nicotiana benthamiana
• Nicotiana clevelandii
• Nicotiana debneyi
• Nicotiana glutinosa
• Nicotiana megalosiphon
• Nicotiana rustica
• Nicotiana tabacum
• Phaseolus vulgaris
• Tetragonia tetragonioides

Insusceptible host species

• Amaranthus retroflexus
• Antirrhinum majus
• Arachis hypogaea
• Atriplex hortensis
• Belamcanda chinensis
• Beta macrocarpa
• Beta vulgaris
• Brassica campestris ssp. pekinensis
• Brassica juncea
• Capsicum annuum
• Chenopodium amaranticolor
• Chenopodium capitatum
• Chenopodium murale
• Chenopodium quinoa
• Cucumis sativus
• Dianthus barbatus
• Emilia sagittata
• Fagopyrum esculentum
• Gomphrena globosa
• Hippeastrum hybridum
• Hyoscyamus niger
• Lycopersicon esculentum
• Nicandra physalodes
• Petunia × hybrida
• Physalis floridana
• Pisum sativum
• Silene armeria
• Solanum melongena
• Spinacia oleracea
• Trifolium incarnatum
• Verbesina encelioides
• Vicia faba
• Vigna unguiculata
• Zea mays

Families containing susceptible hosts

• Amaryllidaceae (2/3)
• Iridaceae (2/3)
• Leguminosae-Papilionoideae (1/6)
• Solanaceae (9/16)
• Tetragoniaceae (1/1)

Families containing insusceptible hosts

• Amaranthaceae (2/2)
• Amaryllidaceae (1/3)
• Caryophyllaceae (2/2)
• Chenopodiaceae (8/8)
• Compositae (2/2)
• Cruciferae (2/2)
• Cucurbitaceae (1/1)
• Gramineae (1/1)
• Iridaceae (1/3)
• Leguminosae-Papilionoideae (5 /6)
• Polygonaceae (1/1)
• Scrophulariaceae (1/1)
• Solanaceae (7/16)

Sources of host-range data

Brunt (1977).

Physical and biochemical properties

Properties of particles in sap

TIP: 65-70 °C (in Nicotiana clevelandii sap). LIV: 3-4 days (in Nicotiana clevelandii sap). DEP: log₁₀ minus 3-4 (in Nicotiana clevelandii sap). Infectivity of sap not changed by treatment with di-ethyl ether. Leaf sap contains many virions.

Purification method

Brunt (1977).

Particle morphology

Virions filamentous; not enveloped; usually straight; with a clear modal length; of 657 nm; 13 nm wide. Axial canal obscure. Basic helix obscure.

Physical properties

One sedimenting component in purified preparations; sedimentation coefficient 156-158 S. Density 1.32-1.33 g cm^-3 in CsCl (unfixed). A₂₆₀/A₂₈₀ ratio 1.09 (corrected).

Biochemical properties

Virions contain 5 % nucleic acid; 95 % protein; 0 % lipid.

Genome consists of RNA; single-stranded.

Features of proteins

Virion protein(s) one; M_r 32600. Method of preparation: Brunt et al. (1975).

Replication

Replication does not depend on a helper virus.

Cytopathology

Virions found in cytoplasm. Inclusions present in infected cells; are pinwheels.

Taxonomy and relationships

macluravirus

Virus(es) with serologically related virions

Lily symptomless virus, but distantly (SDI 6).

Virus(es) with serologically unrelated virions

Cactus 2, carnation latent, chrysanthemum B, cowpea mild mottle, elderberry, hippeastrum latent, hop latent, honeysuckle latent, passiflora latent, potato M, potato S, red clover vein mosaic and white bryony mosaic viruses.

Comments and References

General comments

Formerly assumed to be a carlavirus, however now known to induce cylindrical inclusions ('pinwheels`) to form (Mowat et al., 1991; Brunt et al., 1994). Thus the virus shares properties with maclura mosaic virus which, it is suggested (Mowat et al., 1991), should form a new genus, that has been tentatively named macluravirus (Shukla et al., 1994).

References

• Asjes, C.J. (1979). Neth. J. Pl. Path. 85: 269.
• Brunt, A.A. (1976). Rep. Glasshouse Crops Res. Inst. 1975, p. 122.
• Brunt, A.A. (1976). CMI/AAB Descr. Pl. Viruses No. 170, 4 pp.
• Brunt, A.A. (1977). Ann. appl. Biol. 87: 355.
• Brunt, A.A. and Atkey, P.T. (1967). Rep. Glasshouse Crops Res. Inst. 1966, p. 155.
• Brunt, A.A., Atkey, P.T., Frost, C. and Phillips, S. (1994). Acta Hort. 377: 275.
• Brunt, A.A., Barton, R.J., Tremaine, J.H. and Stace-Smith, R. (1975). J. gen. Virol. 27: 101.
• Derks, A.F.L.M., Hollinger, Th.C. and Vink-van den Abeele, J.L. (1985). Acta Hort. 164: 309.
• Mowat, W.P., Dawson, S., Duncan, G.H. and Robinson, D.J. (1991). Ann. appl. Biol. 119: 31.
• Shukla, D.S., Ward, C. and Brunt, A.A. (1994). The Potyviridae. CABI, Wallingford, U.K.

Cite this publication as: Brunt, A.A., Crabtree, K., Dallwitz, M.J., Gibbs, A.J., Watson, L. and Zurcher, E.J. (eds.) (1996 onwards). `Plant Viruses Online: Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database. Version: 20^th August 1996.' URL http://biology.anu.edu.au/Groups/MES/vide/

Dallwitz (1980) and Dallwitz, Paine and Zurcher (1993) should also be cited.