Plant Viruses Online   

Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database

Lettuce big-vein varicosavirus

Index

• Nomenclature
• Host range, transmission and symptoms
• Physical and biochemical properties
• Taxonomy and relationships
• Comments and References

Data collated by S. Kuwata, 1991.

Nomenclature

Acronym

LBVV

ICTV decimal code

79.0.P.3.DE.3

Host range and symptoms

Natural host range and symptoms

Symptoms vary seasonally. Symptoms vein yellowing then chlorotic or white vein banding.
• Lactuca sativa - chlorotic or white vein banding.
• Sonchus oleraceus - symptomless or vein banding.
• Sonchus asper - yellow vein-banding.

Transmission

Transmitted by a vector; a fungus; Olpidium brassicae; Chytridiales. Not transmitted by Myzus persicae, Hyperomyzus lactuca, Xiphinema spp., Longidorus spp. Virus transmitted by mechanical inoculation; transmitted by grafting; not transmitted by contact between plants; not transmitted by seed; not transmitted by pollen.

Ecology and control

Studies reported by Allen (1948); Tomlinson and Faithfull (1979).

Geographical distribution

Spreads in Australia, the former Czechoslovakia, Italy, Japan, the Netherlands, New Zealand, the UK, and the USA.

Experimental host range

Several (3-9) families susceptible. Experimentally infected plants mostly show chlorotic or white vein-banding.

Diagnostically susceptible host species and symptoms

• Chenopodium amaranticolor, C. quinoa - chlorotic local lesions.
• Lactuca sativa - chlorotic or white vein-banding.
• Nicotiana benthamiana, N. clevelandii - symptomless.
• Nicotiana occidentalis - chlorotic local lesions and systemic chlorosis.
• Sonchus asper - yellow vein-banding.
• Sonchus oleraceus - slight vein-banding.
• Tetragonia tetragonioides - green rings after leaf senescence.

Diagnostically insusceptible host species

Chenopodium murale, Nicotiana tabacum.

Maintenance and propagation hosts

Lactuca sativa, Nicotiana occidentalis.

Assay hosts (Local lesions or Whole plants)

Chenopodium quinoa (L).

Susceptible host species

• Chenopodium amaranticolor
• Chenopodium quinoa
• Lactuca sativa
• Nicotiana benthamiana
• Nicotiana clevelandii
• Nicotiana occidentalis
• Sonchus asper
• Sonchus oleraceus
• Tetragonia tetragonioides

Insusceptible host species

• Chenopodium murale
• Nicotiana tabacum

Families containing susceptible hosts

• Chenopodiaceae (2/3)
• Compositae (3/3)
• Solanaceae (3/4)
• Tetragoniaceae (1/1)

Families containing insusceptible hosts

• Chenopodiaceae (1/3)
• Solanaceae (1/4)

Sources of host-range data

Campbell (1965); Huijberts et al. (1990).

Physical and biochemical properties

Properties of particles in sap

TIP: 50 °C. LIV: 1 days. DEP: log₁₀ minus 1. Leaf sap contains few virions. Electron microscopy: aldehyde fixation essential.

Purification method

Kuwata et al. (1983).

Particle morphology

Virions rod-shaped; not enveloped; usually straight; with a clear modal length; of 320-360 nm; 18 nm wide. Axial canal obvious; 3 nm in diameter. Basic helix obvious; pitch of basic helix 5 nm.

Physical properties

Density 1.27 g/cm³ in Cs₂SO₄.

Biochemical properties

Genome consists of RNA; double-stranded; linear. Total genome size 13.5 kb (pairs). Genome of two parts; largest (or only) genome part the larger 7 kb (pairs); the 2nd largest 6.5 kb (pairs). Genomic nucleic acid isolated by Kuwata: proteinase K hydrolysis then phenol.

Features of proteins

Virion protein(s) one; M_r 48000; coat protein.

Replication

Replication does not depend on a helper virus.

Cytopathology

Virions found in leaves, roots, mesophyll and vascular parenchyma; in cytoplasm. Inclusions present in infected cells; are crystals in the cytoplasm; they contain virions.

Taxonomy and relationships

varicosavirus

Additional comments on relationships

The virions of this virus are closely serological related to those of tobacco stunt virus, but as they differ in host range, they are considered to be separate species, rather than related strains (Kuwata and Kubo, 1986).

Best tests for diagnosis

Soil transmissibility. Serological tests such as ISEM and ELISA.

Comments and References

References

• Allen, M.W. (1948). Phytopathology 38: 616.
• Campbell, R.N. (1962). Nature, Lond. 195: 675.
• Campbell, R.N. (1985). Can. J. Bot. 63: 2288.
• Campbell, R.N. and Grogan, R.G. (1964). Phytopathology 54: 681.
• Campbell, R.N., Grogan, R.G. and Purcifull, D.E. (1961). Virology 15: 82.
• Huijberts, N., Blystad, D.-R. and Bos, L. (1990). Ann. appl. Biol. 116: ;463.
• Kuwata, S. and Kubo, S. (1986). AAB Descr. Pl. Viruses No. 313.
• Kuwata, S., Kubo, S., Yamashita, S. and Doi, Y. (1983). Ann. Phytopath. Soc. Japan 49: 246.
• Tomlinson, J.A. and Faithfull, E.M. (1979). Ann. appl. Biol. 93: 13.
• Tomlinson, J.A. and Garrett, R.G. (1962). Nature, Lond. 194: 249.
• Tomlinson, J.A. and Garrett, R.G. (1964). Ann. appl. Biol. 54: 45.
• Vetten, H.J., Lesemann, D.-E. and Dalchow, J. (1987). J. Phytopath. 120: 53.

Cite this publication as: Brunt, A.A., Crabtree, K., Dallwitz, M.J., Gibbs, A.J., Watson, L. and Zurcher, E.J. (eds.) (1996 onwards). `Plant Viruses Online: Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database. Version: 20^th August 1996.' URL http://biology.anu.edu.au/Groups/MES/vide/

Dallwitz (1980) and Dallwitz, Paine and Zurcher (1993) should also be cited.