Plant Viruses Online   

Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database

Johnsongrass mosaic potyvirus

Index

• Nomenclature
• Host range, transmission and symptoms
• Physical and biochemical properties
• Taxonomy and relationships
• Comments and References

Data collated by A.J. Gibbs, 1990.

Nomenclature

Synonyms

maize dwarf mosaic virus - strain O (McDaniel and Gordon, 1985; Shukla et al., 1989), sugarcane mosaic virus - Australian Johnson grass virus (Shukla et al., 1987), maize dwarf mosaic virus - Kansas I strain (McKern et al., 1990).

Acronym

JGMV

ICTV decimal code

57.0.1.0.035

Host range and symptoms

Natural host range and symptoms

Symptoms persist.
• Sorghum halepense (Johnson grass) - systemic mosaic.
• Zea mays - systemic mosaic.
• Brachiaria miliiformis, Cenchrus ciliaris, Panicum miliaceum, Paspalum orbiculare, Pennisetum typhoides, Sorghum × almum, S. laxiflorum, S. macrospermum, S. miliaceum, S. stipoideum, S. sudanense, S. verticilliflorum, S. vulgare - systemic chlorotic mosaic mottling, necrosis, stunting.

Transmission

Transmitted by a vector; an insect; Aphis craccivora, A. gossypii, Rhopalosiphum maidis but not Macrosiphum euphorbiae, M. miscanthi, Rhopalosiphum padi; Aphididae. Transmitted in a non-persistent manner. Virus transmitted by mechanical inoculation; not transmitted by contact between plants; not transmitted by seed.

Geographical distribution

Spreads in Australia and the USA.

Experimental host range

Several (3-9) families susceptible. Experimentally infected plants mostly show systemic mosaics, mottles, ringspots or necrosis.

Diagnostically susceptible host species and symptoms

• Zea mays cv. Iochief - mosaic.
• Sorghum vulgare cv. Yates NK22OY - necrosis or mosaic.
• S. vulgare cv. Atlas - mosaic.
• Avena sativa - mosaic.

Diagnostically insusceptible host species

Phaseolus vulgaris cv. Bountiful, Chenopodium quinoa, Saccharum officinarum, Nicotiana clevelandii, Cucumis sativus.

Maintenance and propagation hosts

Sorghum vulgare, Zea mays cv. Iochief (Sweet corn).

Assay hosts (Local lesions or Whole plants)

Zea mays cv. Iochief (W), Sorghum verticilliflorum (W).

Susceptible host species

• Avena sativa
• Brachiaria miliiformis
• Cenchrus ciliaris
• Echinochloa crus-galli
• Eleusine coracana
• Eragrostis cilianensis
• Panicum capillare
• Panicum miliaceum
• Paspalum orbiculare
• Pennisetum typhoides
• Setaria italica
• Setaria viridis
• Sorghum bicolor
• Sorghum halepense
• Sorghum laxiflorum
• Sorghum macrospermum
• Sorghum miliaceum
• Sorghum stipoideum
• Sorghum sudanense
• Sorghum verticilliflorum
• Sorghum vulgare
• Sorghum × almum
• Zea mays

Insusceptible host species

• Allium cepa
• Brassica campestris ssp. rapa
• Bromus inermis
• Bromus secalinus
• Chenopodium album
• Chenopodium amaranticolor
• Chenopodium quinoa
• Cicer arietinum
• Cucumis sativus
• Cynodon dactylon
• Dactylis glomerata
• Datura stramonium
• Elytrigia repens
• Glycine max
• Gomphrena globosa
• Hordeum vulgare
• Lolium perenne
• Lycopersicon esculentum
• Macroptilium lathyroides
• Medicago sativa
• Nicotiana clevelandii
• Nicotiana glutinosa
• Nicotiana tabacum
• Oryza sativa
• Oryzopsis miliacea
• Phalaris arundinacea
• Phaseolus vulgaris (cv. Bountiful)
• Phleum pratense
• Pisum sativum
• Poa pratensis
• Saccharum officinarum
• Secale cereale
• Triticum aestivum
• Vigna unguiculata
• Vigna unguiculata ssp. cylindrica

Families containing susceptible hosts

• Gramineae (23/38)

Families containing insusceptible hosts

• Alliaceae (1/1)
• Amaranthaceae (1/1)
• Chenopodiaceae (3/3)
• Cruciferae (1/1)
• Cucurbitaceae (1/1)
• Gramineae (15/38)
• Leguminosae-Papilionoideae (8/8)
• Solanaceae (5/5)

Sources of host-range data

Teakle and Grylls (1973); McDaniel and Gordon (1985).

Physical and biochemical properties

Properties of particles in sap

TIP: 60 °C. LIV: 2 days. DEP: log₁₀ minus 4. Leaf sap contains few virions.

Purification method

Teakle and Grylls (1973); McDaniel and Gordon (1985).

Particle morphology

Virions filamentous; usually flexuous; with a clear modal length; of 773-778 nm. Axial canal obscure. Basic helix obscure.

Physical properties

One sedimenting component in purified preparations.

NCBI sequence data (Entrez search)

Sequence database accession code(s)

• U07217 Em(40)_vi:JM07217 Gb(84)_vi:JMU07217 Johnsongrass mosaic virus strain Maize dwarf O polyprotein (nuclear inclusion II protein, coa
• U07218 Em(40)_vi:JM07218 Gb(84)_vi:JMU07218 Johnsongrass mosaic virus strain Maize dwarf KS1 polyprotein (nuclear inclusion II protein, c
• Z26920 Em(40)_vi:JGMVVPS Gb(84)_vi:JGMVVPS Johnson grass mosaic virus gene for protease 1 and 3, helper component 6K protein, coat prote 3 sequences.

Features of proteins

Virion protein(s) one; M_r 33505; coat protein.

Cytopathology

Virions found in all parts of the host plant; in cytoplasm. Inclusions present in infected cells; are pinwheels; they do not contain virions.

Taxonomy and relationships

Potyvirus: Potyviridae

Additional comments on relationships

Virion protein distantly homologous to that of maize dwarf mosaic potyvirus B and more distantly related to other potyviruses. Using electro-blot immunoassay with cross-absorbed polyclonal antibodies against the N-terminus of the virion proteins show that four distinct potyviruses infect sugarcane, maize and sorghum. Johnson grass mosaic virus (synonyms SCMV-JG and maize dwarf mosaic virus strain O) is one, the others are:
1) Maize dwarf mosaic potyvirus (syn; MDMV-A, MDMV-D, MDMV-E and MDMV-F);
2) Sugarcane mosaic potyvirus (syn; MDMV-B, SCMV-A, SCMV-B, SCMV-D, SCMV-E, SCMV-Sc, SCMV-Bc and SCMV-Sabi);
3) Sorghum mosaic potyvirus (syn; SCMV-H, SCMV-I and SCMV-M). (Shukla et al., 1989).

Comments and References

References

• McDaniel, L.L and Gordon, D.T. (1985). Plant Dis. 69: 602. McKern, N.M, Whittaker, L.A., Strike, P.M., Ford, R.E., Jensen, S.G. and Shukla, D.D. (1990). Phytopathology 80: 907.
• Shukla, D.D. and Gough, K.H. (1984). Plant Dis. 68: 204.
• Shukla, D.D., Gough, K.H. and Ward, C.M. (1987). Arch. virol. 96: 59.
• Shukla, D.D. and Teakle, D.S. (1989). CMI/AAB Descr. Pl. Viruses No. 340, 5 pp.
• Shukla, D.D., Tosic, M., Jilka, J., Ford, R.E., Toler, R.W. and Langham, M.A.C. (1989). Phytopathology 79: 223.
• Taylor, R.H. and Pares, R.D. (1968). Aust. J. agric. Res. 19: 767.
• Teakle, D.S. and Grylls, N.E. (1973). Aust. J. agric. Res. 24: 465.

Cite this publication as: Brunt, A.A., Crabtree, K., Dallwitz, M.J., Gibbs, A.J., Watson, L. and Zurcher, E.J. (eds.) (1996 onwards). `Plant Viruses Online: Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database. Version: 20^th August 1996.' URL http://biology.anu.edu.au/Groups/MES/vide/

Dallwitz (1980) and Dallwitz, Paine and Zurcher (1993) should also be cited.