Plant Viruses Online   

Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database

Hydrangea mosaic ilarvirus

Index

• Nomenclature
• Host range, transmission and symptoms
• Physical and biochemical properties
• Taxonomy and relationships
• Comments and References

Data collated by B.J. Thomas, 1991.

Nomenclature

Acronym

HdMV

ICTV decimal code

10.0.2.08.01

Host range and symptoms

Natural host range and symptoms

Symptoms vary seasonally. Symptoms mottles and mosaic.
• Hydrangea macrophylla - light and dark green mottle and mosaics on leaves.

Transmission

Not transmitted by Myzus persicae. Virus transmitted by mechanical inoculation; transmitted by grafting; transmitted by seed.

Geographical distribution

Found, but with no evidence of spread, in U.K. (West Sussex, Guernsey, the Channel Islands).

Experimental host range

Several (3-9) families susceptible. Experimentally infected plants mostly show transitory systemic chlorosis.

Diagnostically susceptible host species and symptoms

• Chenopodium quinoa - diffuse chlorotic local lesions; transitory systemic chlorotic local lesions.
• Gomphrena globosa, Nicotiana benthamiana, N. clevelandii - systemic but symptomless.
• Chenopodium amaranticolor - small chlorotic local lesions; not systemic.

Diagnostically insusceptible host species

Beta vulgaris, Cucumis sativus, Nicotiana glutinosa, Pisum sativum, Vigna unguiculata.

Maintenance and propagation hosts

Chenopodium quinoa.

Assay hosts (Local lesions or Whole plants)

Chenopodium quinoa (W).

Susceptible host species

• Chenopodium amaranticolor
• Chenopodium quinoa
• Gomphrena globosa
• Hydrangea macrophylla
• Nicotiana benthamiana
• Nicotiana clevelandii

Insusceptible host species

• Beta vulgaris
• Brassica campestris ssp. pekinensis
• Brassica oleracea var. botrytis
• Chenopodium murale
• Cucumis sativus
• Datura metel
• Nicotiana glutinosa
• Nicotiana tabacum
• Pisum sativum
• Trifolium pratense
• Vicia faba
• Vigna unguiculata

Families containing susceptible hosts

• Amaranthaceae (1/1)
• Chenopodiaceae (2/4)
• Hydrangeaceae (1/1)
• Solanaceae (2/5)

Families containing insusceptible hosts

• Chenopodiaceae (2/4)
• Cruciferae (2/2)
• Cucurbitaceae (1/1)
• Leguminosae-Papilionoideae (4/4)
• Solanaceae (3/5)

Sources of host-range data

Thomas et al. (1983).

Physical and biochemical properties

Properties of particles in sap

TIP: 50 °C. LIV: 21 days (at 4ºC). DEP: log₁₀ minus 3. Infectivity of sap not changed by treatment with di-ethyl ether. Leaf sap contains few virions. Electron microscopy: virions are unstable in phosphate buffer and must be fixed in aldehyde. UA can be used without fixing purified preparations.

Purification method

Thomas et al. (1983).

Particle morphology

Virions isometric; not enveloped; 28-30 nm in diameter; 30-38 nm in length; rounded in profile; with a conspicuous capsomere arrangement.

Physical properties

Three sedimenting components in purified preparations; sedimentation coefficient of the fastest 105 S ((B)); of the other(s) 86 and 97 S (;(T) and (M) respectively). Density 1.37 g cm^-3 in CsCl (necessary to fix with aldehydes). A₂₆₀/A₂₈₀ ratio 1.32 (»0.44).

Biochemical properties

Virions contain 24 % nucleic acid; 76 % protein.

Genome consists of RNA; single-stranded. Total genome size 12.225 kb. Genome of five parts; largest (or only) genome part the largest 4.032 kb (RNA-1); the 2nd largest 3.484 kb (RNA-2); the 3rd largest 2.677 kb (RNA-3); the 4th largest 1.161 kb (RNA-4); the 5th largest 0.871 kb (RNA-5). Genomic nucleic acid isolated by methods described by Rogerson (1975); Wilcockson and Hull (1974). Infectivity retained when deproteinised with phenol or detergent. Additional factor required for infectivity; infectivity depends on RNAs 1-3 (total genome) plus RNA-5 or coat protein.

NCBI sequence data (Entrez search)

Features of proteins

Virion protein(s) one; M_r 26400 (»0.4); coat protein. Method of preparation: Laemmli (1970). Virion proteins not glycosylated.

Replication

Replication does not depend on a helper virus.

Cytopathology

Virions found in leaves, stamens, gynaecium and petals.

Taxonomy and relationships

Ilarvirus: Bromoviridae (subgroup 8)

Virus(es) with serologically unrelated virions

Apple mosaic, elm mottle, prunus necrotic ringspot, asparagus 2, spinach latent and tobacco streak viruses. Hydrangea mosaic may best be regarded as a strain of elm mottle ilarvirus (Jones, 1985).

Best tests for diagnosis

In Hydrangea, leaf symptoms differ from the malformations, ringspots or chlorosis caused by hydrangea ringspot virus, cucumber mosaic, tobacco ringspot, tomato ringspot, tomato black ring, arabis mosaic or tobacco rattle viruses. Virion instability, shape and small numbers in leaves is characteristic.

Comments and References

References

• Jones, A.T. (1985). Rep. Scottish Crop Res. Inst. 1984, p.190.
• Laemmli, U.K. (1970). Nature, Lond. 227: 680.
• Rogerson, A.A. (1975). Ann. Biochem. 65: 34.
• Thomas, B.J., Barton, R.J. and Tuszynski, A. (1983). Ann. appl. Biol. 103: 261.
• Wilcockson, J. and Hull, R. (1974). J. gen. Virol. 23: 107.

Cite this publication as: Brunt, A.A., Crabtree, K., Dallwitz, M.J., Gibbs, A.J., Watson, L. and Zurcher, E.J. (eds.) (1996 onwards). `Plant Viruses Online: Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database. Version: 20^th August 1996.' URL http://biology.anu.edu.au/Groups/MES/vide/

Dallwitz (1980) and Dallwitz, Paine and Zurcher (1993) should also be cited.