Plant Viruses Online   

Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database

Hordeum mosaic rymovirus

Index

• Nomenclature
• Host range, transmission and symptoms
• Physical and biochemical properties
• Taxonomy and relationships
• Comments and References

Data collated by W.G. Langenberg and N.L. Robertson, 1991.

Nomenclature

Acronym

HoMV

ICTV decimal code

57.0.2.0.003

Host range and symptoms

Natural host range and symptoms

Symptoms persist. Symptoms mottle.
• Hordeum jubatum, H. vulgare - mottle.

Transmission

Assumed to be transmitted by eriophyid mites. Not transmitted by Eriophyes tulipae, Abacarus hystrix, Aculus mckenziei, Rhopalosiphum padi, R. maidis, Macrosiphum (Sitobion) avenae, Myzus persicae. Virus transmitted by mechanical inoculation; not transmitted by seed; not transmitted by pollen.

Geographical distribution

Spreads in Canada.

Experimental host range

Few (<3) families susceptible. Experimentally infected plants mostly show chlorotic mottles; streaking; stunting; leaf rolling.

Diagnostically susceptible host species and symptoms

• Avena sativa, Echinochloa crus-galli, Elymus canadensis, E. trachycaulus, E. virginicus, Hordeum jubatum, H. vulgare, Lolium multiflorum, Poa palustris, Secale cereale, Triticum aestivum, T. durum - diffuse chlorotic mottle; streaks at base of young leaves; moderate stunting and inrolling of leaves only with severe isolates.

Diagnostically insusceptible host species

Elytrigia repens, Lophopyrum elongatum, Elytrigia intermedia, Bromus inermis, Lolium perenne.

Maintenance and propagation hosts

Hordeum jubatum, Lolium multiflorum, Triticum aestivum.

Assay hosts (Local lesions or Whole plants)

Hordeum jubatum (W), Lolium multiflorum (W), Triticum aestivum (W).

Susceptible host species

• Avena sativa
• Echinochloa crus-galli
• Elymus canadensis
• Elymus trachycaulus
• Elymus virginicus
• Hordeum jubatum
• Hordeum vulgare
• Lolium multiflorum
• Poa palustris
• Secale cereale
• Triticum aestivum
• Triticum durum

Insusceptible host species

• Bromus inermis
• Dactylis glomerata
• Elytrigia intermedia
• Elytrigia repens
• Lolium perenne
• Lophopyrum elongatum

Families containing susceptible hosts

• Gramineae (12/18)

Families containing insusceptible hosts

• Gramineae (6/18)

Sources of host-range data

Slykhuis and Bell (1966).

Physical and biochemical properties

Properties of particles in sap

TIP: 50 °C. LIV: 8 days. DEP: log₁₀ minus 3. Leaf sap contains many virions.

Purification method

Slykhuis and Bell (1966).

Particle morphology

Virions filamentous; not enveloped; usually flexuous; with a clear modal length; of 701 nm; 15.5 nm wide. Axial canal obscure. Basic helix obscure.

Physical properties

One sedimenting component in purified preparations.

Biochemical properties

Genome consists of RNA; single-stranded; linear. Total genome size 8-10 kb. Genome unipartite; largest (or only) genome part 8-10 kb. Genomic nucleic acid isolated by (Robertson et al., 1990); polyadenylated full-length RNA genomes were obtained from partially purified virions with proteinase K and SDS, phenol/chloroform extraction, ethanol precipitation, and oligo-d(T) cellulose chromatography. 5´ terminus of RNA has a VPg. Poly A region present; the genome has a poly A tail of at least 33 residues attached to the 3´ non-coding region. Genome has no tRNA-like activity.

NCBI sequence data (Entrez search)

Features of the genome

Sub-genomic mRNA not found in infected cells.

Features of proteins

Virion protein(s) one; coat protein. Method of preparation: Slykhuis and Bell (1966).

Virus-coded non-virion proteins isolated (Langenberg (1991)); one protein found. M_r 68000-72000; pinwheel inclusion protein.

Replication

Genome replicates in cytoplasm. Coat protein mRNA translated in the cytoplasm. Replication does not depend on a helper virus.

Cytopathology

Virions found in leaves, roots, mesophyll, epidermis and the meristem; in cytoplasm. Inclusions present in infected cells; are pinwheels; they do not contain virions.

Taxonomy and relationships

Rymovirus: Potyviridae

Virus(es) with serologically related virions

Agropyron mosaic virus.

Virus(es) with serologically unrelated virions

Oat necrotic mottle, ryegrass mosaic and wheat streak mosaic viruses.

Additional comments on relationships

The genomes of hordeum mosaic and agropyron mosaic viruses are 73% homologous at their 3´ termini.

Comments and References

References

• Langenberg, W.G. (1991). J. gen. Virol. 72: 493.
• Langenberg, W.G. and Schroeder, H.F. (1974). J. gen. Virol. 23: 51.
• Robertson, N.L., French, R. and Langenberg, W.G. (1990). Phytopathology 80: 1018.
• Slykhuis, J.T. and Bell, W. (1966). Can. J. Bot. 44: 1191.

Cite this publication as: Brunt, A.A., Crabtree, K., Dallwitz, M.J., Gibbs, A.J., Watson, L. and Zurcher, E.J. (eds.) (1996 onwards). `Plant Viruses Online: Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database. Version: 20^th August 1996.' URL http://biology.anu.edu.au/Groups/MES/vide/

Dallwitz (1980) and Dallwitz, Paine and Zurcher (1993) should also be cited.