Plant Viruses
Online 
Descriptions and Lists from
the VIDE Database
Hop mosaic
carlavirus
Index
Data collated by A.N. Adams, 1986.
Nomenclature
Acronym
ICTV decimal code
Host range and symptoms
First reported
in Humulus lupulus; from England; by Salmon (1923); see Bock (1967).
Natural host range and symptoms
Symptoms persist.
- Humulus lupulus - mosaic, chlorotic vein-banding; infected
plants climb poorly. Many cultivars are symptomless.
- Urtica urens
- no symptoms.
Transmission
Transmitted by a vector; an insect; Myzus
(Phorodon) humuli, Macrosiphum euphorbiae, Myzus persicae; Aphididae.
Transmitted in a non-persistent manner. Virus transmitted by mechanical
inoculation; transmitted by grafting; not transmitted by seed.
Geographical distribution
Spreads in the Eurasian region;
Australia, China, and the USA. Found, but with no evidence of spread, in New
Zealand. Hop mosaic virus probably occurs worldwide as it is latent, and
planting material of hops has been distributed worldwide.
Experimental host range
Several (3-9) families
susceptible.
Diagnostically susceptible host species and
symptoms
- Humulus lupulus, Wye Golding varieties only -
chlorotic vein-banding and mosaic, tendency to fall from the support.
- Nicotiana clevelandii - symptomless systemic infection.
Maintenance and propagation hosts
Assay hosts (Local lesions or
Whole plants)
Nicotiana clevelandii (W)
- no symptoms. Humulus lupulus Golding varieties (W).
Susceptible host species
Insusceptible host species
Families containing susceptible hosts
Families containing
insusceptible hosts
Sources of host-range data
Bock
(1967); Adams and Barbara (1980).
Physical and
biochemical properties
Properties of particles in sap
Leaf sap
contains few virions (when from hop, more when from Nicotiana
clevelandii).
Purification method
Adams and
Barbara (1980).
Particle morphology
Virions filamentous; not enveloped;
usually straight (or slightly flexuous); with a clear modal length; of 651 nm;
13.8 nm wide. Axial canal obscure.
Physical properties
One sedimenting component in purified
preparations.
Biochemical properties
Virions contain 6 % nucleic acid;
94 % protein; 0 % lipid.
Genome consists of RNA; single-stranded; linear. Total genome size 8.5
kb. Genome unipartite; largest (or only) genome part 8.5 kb. Genomic nucleic
acid isolated by Adams and Barbara (1980).
Features of proteins
Virion protein(s) one;
Mr 34000. Method of preparation: Adams and Barbara (1980). Amino acid
composition: Yu and Liu (1987).
Replication
Replication does not depend on a helper
virus.
Cytopathology
Virions found in all parts of the host
plant; in cytoplasm (the plants examined by Macovei and Titu (1976) were
probably also infected with hop latent virus).
Taxonomy and
relationships
Virus(es) with serologically related virions
Helenium S, carnation latent and hop latent viruses, but distantly;
American hop latent, nerine latent, lily symptomless, potato S, potato M and
poplar mosaic viruses are very distantly related.
Virus(es) with
serologically unrelated virions
Comments and
References
References
- Adams, A.N. and Barbara,
D.J. (1980). Ann. appl. Biol. 96: 201.
- Barbara, D.J. and
Adams, A.N. (1981). CMI/AAB Descr. Pl. Viruses No. 241, 3 pp.
- Bock,
K.R. (1967). Rep. East Malling Res. Stn. 1966, p. 163.
- Macovei, A.
and Titu, H. (1976). Rev. Roum. Biol. - Biol. Veg. (Bucarest)
21: 71.
- Salmon, E.S. (1923). J. Minist. Agric. 29: 1.
- Salmon, E.S. and Ware, W.M. (1928). Ann. appl. Biol. 15: 342.
- Thresh, J.M., Adams, A.N., Barbara, D.J. and Clark, M.F. (1977). Ann.
appl. Biol. 87: 57.
- Yu, J. and Liu, Y. (1987). Pl. Path.
36: 38.
Cite this publication as:
Brunt, A.A., Crabtree, K., Dallwitz, M.J., Gibbs, A.J., Watson, L. and Zurcher, E.J. (eds.)
(1996 onwards).
`Plant Viruses Online: Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database.
Version: 20th August 1996.' URL
http://biology.anu.edu.au/Groups/MES/vide/
Dallwitz (1980)
and
Dallwitz, Paine and Zurcher (1993)
should also be cited.
Please send comments, corrections and suggestions to:
vide-manager@biology.anu.edu.au