Plant Viruses Online   

Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database

Hop American latent carlavirus

Index

• Nomenclature
• Host range, transmission and symptoms
• Physical and biochemical properties
• Taxonomy and relationships
• Comments and References

Data collated by A.N. Adams, 1986.

Nomenclature

Synonyms

American hop latent virus, New Zealand hop virus.

Acronym

AHLV

ICTV decimal code

14.0.1.0.002

Host range and symptoms

Natural host range and symptoms

• Humulus lupulus - symptomless.

Transmission

Transmitted by a vector; an insect; Myzus (Phorodon) humuli experimental vector, no information on natural spread; Aphididae. Transmitted in a non-persistent manner. Virus transmitted by mechanical inoculation.

Geographical distribution

Spreads in the North American region; the USA. Found, but with no evidence of spread, in the U.K., Germany and Australia where it has occurred only in recent imports from the U.S.A. and has probably been eliminated. Also found in New Zealand.

Experimental host range

Several (3-9) families susceptible. Experimentally infected plants mostly show necrotic and chlorotic local lesions, systemic veinbanding and mottle.

Diagnostically susceptible host species and symptoms

• Datura stramonium - necrotic spots and systemic ringspots.
• Chenopodium quinoa - chlorotic spots, systemic vein-banding and mottle.
• Humulus lupulus - usually symptomless, may show faint chlorotic ringspots.

Diagnostically insusceptible host species

Nicotiana clevelandii.

Maintenance and propagation hosts

Chenopodium quinoa.

Assay hosts (Local lesions or Whole plants)

Datura stramonium (L).

Susceptible host species

• Chenopodium album
• Chenopodium amaranticolor
• Chenopodium foetidum
• Chenopodium murale
• Chenopodium quinoa
• Datura stramonium
• Humulus lupulus
• Nicotiana tabacum
• Phaseolus vulgaris
• Vicia faba

Insusceptible host species

• Allium cepa
• Avena sativa
• Cucumis sativus
• Gomphrena globosa
• Helianthus annuus
• Lactuca sativa
• Lycopersicon esculentum
• Medicago sativa
• Nicotiana bigelovii
• Nicotiana clevelandii
• Nicotiana debneyi
• Nicotiana glutinosa
• Nicotiana rustica
• Nicotiana tabacum
• Petunia × hybrida
• Pisum sativum
• Raphanus sativus
• Trifolium hybridum
• Trifolium pratense
• Trifolium repens

Families containing susceptible hosts

• Cannabidaceae (1/1)
• Chenopodiaceae (5/5)
• Leguminosae-Papilionoideae (2/7)
• Solanaceae (2/9)

Families containing insusceptible hosts

• Alliaceae (1/1)
• Amaranthaceae (1/1)
• Compositae (2/2)
• Cruciferae (1/1)
• Cucurbitaceae (1/1)
• Gramineae (1/1)
• Leguminosae-Papilionoideae (5/7)
• Solanaceae (8/9)

Sources of host-range data

Adams and Barbara (1982).

Physical and biochemical properties

Properties of particles in sap

Leaf sap contains few virions.

Purification method

Adams and Barbara (1982).

Particle morphology

Virions filamentous; not enveloped; usually straight (or slightly flexuous); with a clear modal length; of 678 nm; 15 nm wide. Axial canal obscure.

Physical properties

One sedimenting component in purified preparations.

Biochemical properties

Virions contain 6 % nucleic acid; 94 % protein; 0 % lipid.

Genome consists of RNA; single-stranded; linear. Total genome size 8.45 kb. Genome unipartite; largest (or only) genome part 8.45 kb. Genomic nucleic acid isolated by Adams and Barbara (1982).

Features of proteins

Virion protein(s) one; M_r 33000; coat. Method of preparation: Adams and Barbara (1980).

Replication

Replication does not depend on a helper virus.

Taxonomy and relationships

Carlavirus

Virus(es) with serologically related virions

Nerine latent virus (distantly); hop latent, hop mosaic and chrysanthemum B viruses (very distantly).

Virus(es) with serologically unrelated virions

Carnation latent, lily symptomless, potato virus S, poplar mosaic, helenium S and narcissus latent viruses.

Comments and References

References

• Adams, A.N. and Barbara, D.J. (1980). Ann. appl. Biol. 96: 201.
• Adams, A.N. and Barbara, D.J. (1982). Ann. appl. Biol. 101: 483.
• Barbara, D.J. and Adams, A.N. (1983). CMI/AAB Descr. Pl. Viruses No. 262, 3 pp.
• Probasco, E.G. and Skotland, C.B. (1976). Proc. Am. Phytopath. Soc. 3: 319.

Cite this publication as: Brunt, A.A., Crabtree, K., Dallwitz, M.J., Gibbs, A.J., Watson, L. and Zurcher, E.J. (eds.) (1996 onwards). `Plant Viruses Online: Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database. Version: 20^th August 1996.' URL http://biology.anu.edu.au/Groups/MES/vide/

Dallwitz (1980) and Dallwitz, Paine and Zurcher (1993) should also be cited.