Plant Viruses Online   

Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database

Henbane mosaic potyvirus

Index

• Nomenclature
• Host range, transmission and symptoms
• Physical and biochemical properties
• Taxonomy and relationships
• Comments and References

Data collated by R. Plumb, 1991.

Nomenclature

Synonyms

hyoscyamus virus I, hyoscyamus virus III, atropa mild mosaic virus (Govier and Woods, 1971; Harrison and Roberts, 1971).

Acronym

HMV

Strains

alkekengi strain (HMV-A).

ICTV decimal code

57.0.1.0.030

Host range and symptoms

Natural host range and symptoms

Symptoms persist and vary seasonally. Symptoms mosaics and malformation.
• Hyoscyamus niger - vein clearing, green/yellow mosaic.
• Datura stramonium, D. inermis - mosaic, malformation.
• Physalis alkekengi, Atropa belladonna - mild mosaic.

Transmission

Transmitted by a vector; an insect; Myzus persicae, M. ascalonicus, Aulacorthum circumflexum, Macrosiphum euphorbiae; Aphididae. Principal natural vector(s): Myzus persicae. Not transmitted by Psylloides hyoscyami. Transmitted in a non-persistent manner. Virus probably does not require a helper virus for vector transmission; transmitted by mechanical inoculation.

Ecology and control

Studies reported by Hamilton (1937).

Geographical distribution

Spreads in Germany, Hungary, Italy, and the UK.

Experimental host range

Few (<3) families susceptible. Experimentally infected plants mostly show mild to severe mosaics, some leaf malformation.

Diagnostically susceptible host species and symptoms

• Datura stramonium - severe mosaic.
• Hyoscyamus niger - mosaic.
• Nicotiana glutinosa, N. tabacum cvs White Burley and Samsun, Physalis floridana - mild mosaic.
• Nicotiana clevelandii - necrotic local lesions and then mosaic.

Diagnostically insusceptible host species

Amaranthus spp., Cucumis sativus, Spinacia oleracea, Chenopodium quinoa, Tetragonia tetragonioides.

Maintenance and propagation hosts

Nicotiana tabacum cv. Xanthi-nc.

Assay hosts (Local lesions or Whole plants)

Nicotiana sylvestris (L and W), Datura stramonium (W), Chenopodium amaranticolor (L), Solanum demissum × S. tuberosum `A-6' (L).

Susceptible host species

• Atropa belladonna
• Capsicum annuum
• Celosia argentea
• Celosia cristata
• Chenopodium amaranticolor
• Chenopodium quinoa
• Datura inermis
• Datura metel
• Datura stramonium
• Datura tatula
• Hyoscyamus niger
• Lycopersicon esculentum
• Nicandra physalodes
• Nicotiana bigelovii
• Nicotiana clevelandii
• Nicotiana debneyi
• Nicotiana glutinosa
• Nicotiana megalosiphon
• Nicotiana rustica
• Nicotiana sylvestris
• Nicotiana tabacum
• Petunia × hybrida
• Physalis alkekengi
• Physalis floridana
• Solanum demissum × S. tuberosum
• Solanum nigrum
• Solanum tuberosum

Insusceptible host species

• Amaranthus caudatus
• Atriplex hortensis
• Brassica campestris ssp. rapa
• Capsicum annuum
• Capsicum frutescens
• Chenopodium album
• Chenopodium amaranticolor
• Chenopodium ambrosioides
• Chenopodium foliosum
• Chenopodium murale
• Chenopodium quinoa
• Crambe abyssinica
• Cucumis sativus
• Emilia sagittata
• Gomphrena globosa
• Ocimum basilicum
• Phaseolus vulgaris
• Spinacia oleracea
• Tetragonia tetragonioides
• Tropaeolum majus
• Vicia faba
• Vigna unguiculata

Families containing susceptible hosts

• Amaranthaceae (2/4)
• Chenopodiaceae (2/8)
• Solanaceae (23/24)

Families containing insusceptible hosts

• Amaranthaceae (2/4)
• Chenopodiaceae (8/8)
• Compositae (1/1)
• Cruciferae (2/2)
• Cucurbitaceae (1/1)
• Labiatae (1/1)
• Leguminosae-Papilionoideae (3/3)
• Solanaceae (2/24)
• Tetragoniaceae (1 /1)
• Tropaeolaceae (1/1)

Sources of host-range data

Lovisolo and Bartels (1970); Salamon (1989).

Physical and biochemical properties

Properties of particles in sap

TIP: 60 °C. LIV: 2-3 days. DEP: log₁₀ minus 6. Leaf sap contains few virions.

Purification method

Govier and Plumb (1972).

Particle morphology

Virions filamentous; not enveloped; with no clear modal length; of 800-900 nm; 12 nm wide. Axial canal obscure.

Physical properties

One sedimenting component in purified preparations; sedimentation coefficient 160 S. A₂₆₀/A₂₈₀ ratio 1.1.

Biochemical properties

Genome consists of RNA; single-stranded. Base composition 26 % G; 29 % A; 27 % C; 18 % U.

Replication

Genome replicates in cytoplasm. Acts as helper for another virus. Acts as a helper by aiding transmission of potato aucuba mosaic virus; presumably through a helper component.

Cytopathology

Virions found in leaves, mesophyll and the epidermis; in cytoplasm. Inclusions present in infected cells; are crystals in the cytoplasm and pinwheels; they do not contain virions. Other cellular changes: mitochondrial aggregates found in some plants.

Taxonomy and relationships

Potyvirus: Potyviridae

Virus(es) with serologically related virions

Potato Y, potato A, tobacco etch and tulip breaking viruses; Columbian datura and pokeweed mosaic viruses are distantly related.

Comments and References

References

• Bartels, R. (1964). Phytopath. Z. 49: 257.
• Bartels, R. (1971). Phytopath. Z. 76: 87.
• Bode, O., Brandes, J. and Paul, H.L. (1969). Biol. Bund. für Land. Fortwirt. in Berlin and Braunschweig, 1968, p. 61.
• Bradley, R.H.E. (1952). Ann. appl. biol. 39: 78.
• Doncaster, J.P. and Kassanis, B. (1946). Ann. appl. Biol. 33: 66.
• Govier, D.A. and Plumb, R.T. (1972). CMI/AAB Descr. Pl. Viruses No. 95.
• Govier, D.A. and Woods, R.D. (1971). J. gen. virol. 13: 127.
• Hamilton, M.A. (1932). Ann. appl. Biol. 19: 550.
• Hamilton, M.A. (1937). Ann. appl. Biol. 24: 557.
• Harrison, B.D. and Roberts, I.M. (1971). J. gen. Virol. 10: 71.
• Horvath, J. (1988). Acta Phytopath. Ent. Hung. 23: 143.
• Horvath, J., Salamon, P., Wolf, I. and Kölber, M. (1988). Potato Research 31: 311.
• Kahn, R.P. and Bartels, R. (1968). Phytopath. Z. 58: 587.
• Kitajima, E.W. and Lovisolo, O. (1972). J. gen. Virol. 16: 265.
• Lovisolo, O. and Bartels, R. (1970). Phytopath. Z. 69: 189.
• Mamula, D., Stefanac, Z., Thaler, I. and Gailhofer, M. (1988). Acta bot. Croat. 47: 15.
• Plumb, R.T. and Vince, D.A. (1971). J. gen. Virol. 13: 357.
• Salamon, P. (1989). Novenyvedelem 25: 337.
• Watson, M.A. (1968). Rep. Rothamsted Exp. Stn. 1967, p.123.
• Watson, M.A. and Roberts, F.M. (1939). Proc. Royal Soc. London, B 127: 543.

Cite this publication as: Brunt, A.A., Crabtree, K., Dallwitz, M.J., Gibbs, A.J., Watson, L. and Zurcher, E.J. (eds.) (1996 onwards). `Plant Viruses Online: Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database. Version: 20^th August 1996.' URL http://biology.anu.edu.au/Groups/MES/vide/

Dallwitz (1980) and Dallwitz, Paine and Zurcher (1993) should also be cited.