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Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database

Helenium S carlavirus

Index

• Nomenclature
• Host range, transmission and symptoms
• Physical and biochemical properties
• Taxonomy and relationships
• Comments and References

Data collated by A.A. Brunt, 1991.

Nomenclature

Acronym

HVS

Strains

Helenium and Impatiens strains.

ICTV decimal code

14.0.1.0.011

Host range and symptoms

Natural host range and symptoms

Symptoms none.
• Helenium amarum hybrids, Impatiens holstii - no conspicuous symptoms, but the virus is often found in complex with helenium Y potyvirus in H. amarum plants with leaf chlorosis and flower breaking.

Transmission

Transmitted by a vector; an insect; Myzus persicae (Impatiens isolate); Aphididae. Transmitted in a non-persistent manner. Virus transmitted by mechanical inoculation; not transmitted by seed.

Geographical distribution

Spreads in Germany and the USA.

Experimental host range

Few (<3) families susceptible.

Diagnostically susceptible host species and symptoms

• Chenopodium album, C. amaranticolor, C. quinoa - chlorotic local lesions; systemic veinal chlorosis.
• Gomphrena globosa, Tetragonia tetragonioides (Impatiens isolates) - local lesions; no systemic infection.
• Beta vulgaris ssp. cicla, B. patellaris - local symptomless infection; no systemic infection.

Diagnostically insusceptible host species

Cucumis sativus, Glycine max, Chrysanthemum segetum, Nicotiana clevelandii, Zinnia elegans.

Maintenance and propagation hosts

Chenopodium album, C. amaranticolor, C. quinoa.

Assay hosts (Local lesions or Whole plants)

Chenopodium album (L,W), C. amaranticolor (L,W), C. quinoa (L,W).

Susceptible host species

• Beta patellaris
• Beta vulgaris
• Beta vulgaris ssp. cicla
• Chenopodium album
• Chenopodium amaranticolor
• Chenopodium quinoa
• Gomphrena globosa
• Helenium amarum
• Impatiens holstii
• Tetragonia tetragonioides

Insusceptible host species

• Abelmoschus esculentus
• Ageratum conyzoides
• Amaranthus caudatus
• Antirrhinum majus
• Apium graveolens
• Arachis hypogaea
• Atriplex hortensis
• Brassica campestris ssp. rapa
• Brassica juncea
• Brassica oleracea var. capitata
• Capsicum annuum
• Cheiranthus cheiri
• Chrysanthemum morifolium
• Chrysanthemum segetum
• Citrullus lanatus
• Cucumis sativus
• Cucurbita maxima
• Cucurbita pepo
• Dactylis glomerata
• Dahlia pinnata
• Datura metel
• Daucus carota
• Dianthus barbatus
• Glycine max
• Gynura aurantiaca
• Helianthus annuus
• Hordeum vulgare
• Lactuca sativa
• Lupinus albus
• Lycopersicon pimpinellifolium
• Matthiola incana
• Medicago sativa
• Melilotus albus
• Nicotiana clevelandii
• Nicotiana debneyi
• Nicotiana glutinosa
• Nicotiana megalosiphon
• Nicotiana tabacum
• Ocimum basilicum
• Pastinaca sativa
• Petunia × hybrida
• Phaseolus vulgaris
• Pisum sativum
• Solanum melongena
• Spinacia oleracea
• Trifolium hybridum
• Trifolium incarnatum
• Tropaeolum majus
• Verbesina encelioides
• Vicia faba
• Vigna unguiculata
• Zea mays
• Zinnia elegans

Families containing susceptible hosts

• Amaranthaceae (1/2)
• Balsaminaceae (1/1)
• Chenopodiaceae (6/8)
• Compositae (1/10)
• Tetragoniaceae (1/1)

Families containing insusceptible hosts

• Amaranthaceae (1/2)
• Caryophyllaceae (1/1)
• Chenopodiaceae (2/8)
• Compositae (9/10)
• Cruciferae (5/5)
• Cucurbitaceae (4/4)
• Gramineae (3/3)
• Labiatae (1/1)
• Leguminosae-Papilionoideae (11 /11)
• Malvaceae (1/1)
• Scrophulariaceae (1/1)
• Solanaceae (10/10)
• Tropaeolaceae (1/1)
• Umbelliferae (3/3)

Sources of host-range data

Kuschki et al. (1978); Koenig et al. (1983).

Physical and biochemical properties

Properties of particles in sap

TIP: 70-72 °C. LIV: 21 days. DEP: log₁₀ minus 5. Leaf sap contains few virions.

Purification method

Koenig et al. (1983).

Particle morphology

Virions filamentous; not enveloped; usually straight; with a clear modal length; of 640 nm (in Impatiens isolate), or 676 nm (in PTA), or 693 nm (in UA). Axial canal obscure. Basic helix obscure.

Physical properties

One sedimenting component in purified preparations; sedimentation coefficient 160 S. A₂₆₀/A₂₈₀ ratio 1.1.

Biochemical properties

Genome consists of RNA; single-stranded; linear. Total genome size 7.5 kb. Genome unipartite; largest (or only) genome part 7.5 kb.

NCBI sequence data (Entrez search)

Sequence database accession code(s)

• D10454 Em(40)_vi:HENSG Gb(84)_vi:HENSG Helenium virus S (HelVS) RNA, 3´terminal region encoding coat protein. 7/92 1,389bp.
• S71594 Gb(89)_un:S71594 12K, 7K=coat protein Helenium virus S HelVS, Genomic RNA, 381 nt). 10/94 381bp.

Features of proteins

Virion protein(s) one; M_r 31000; coat protein.

Cytopathology

Virions found in leaves and mesophyll; in cytoplasm. Inclusions present in infected cells; are viroplasms and unusual in shape; aggregates of virions in parallel array associated with endoplasmic reticulum and ribosomes.

Taxonomy and relationships

Carlavirus

Virus(es) with serologically related virions

Carnation latent, chrysanthemum B, dandelion latent, hop latent, hop mosaic, lily symptomless and potato M viruses.

Virus(es) with serologically unrelated virions

Poplar mosaic and potato S viruses.

Differences between type strain and others

Helenium and Impatiens strains differ in host range and transmissibility by aphids.

Comments and References

References

• Koenig, R. and Lesemann, D.-E. (1983). CMI/AAB Descr. Pl. Viruses No. 265, 3 pp.
• Koenig, R., Lesemann, D.-E., Lockhart, B.E., Betzold, J.A. and Weidemann, H.L. (1983). Phytopath. Z. 106: 133.
• Kuschki, G.H., Koenig, R., Düvel, D. and Kühne, H. (1978). Phytopathology 68: 1407.

Cite this publication as: Brunt, A.A., Crabtree, K., Dallwitz, M.J., Gibbs, A.J., Watson, L. and Zurcher, E.J. (eds.) (1996 onwards). `Plant Viruses Online: Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database. Version: 20^th August 1996.' URL http://biology.anu.edu.au/Groups/MES/vide/

Dallwitz (1980) and Dallwitz, Paine and Zurcher (1993) should also be cited.