Plant Viruses Online   

Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database

Grapevine stem pitting associated closterovirus

Index

• Nomenclature
• Host range, transmission and symptoms
• Physical and biochemical properties
• Taxonomy and relationships
• Comments and References

Data collated by S. Holland, 1986.

Nomenclature

Synonyms

grapevine virus A, grapevine corky bark virus, grapevine stem-pitting virus.

ICTV decimal code

17.0.1.T.DE.3

Host range and symptoms

Natural host range and symptoms

Symptoms persist.
• Vitis vinifera - pits and grooves in trunk and legno riccio, rugose wood, possibly caused.

Transmission

Transmitted by a vector (very rarely); an insect; Pseudococcidae. Virus transmitted by mechanical inoculation (only to Nicotiana glutinosa); transmitted by grafting; not transmitted by contact between plants; not transmitted by seed; not transmitted by pollen.

Ecology and control

Studies reported by Rosciglione et al. (1983).

Geographical distribution

Spreads in the Middle East; Italy, South Africa, and the USA (California).

Experimental host range

Few (<3) families susceptible.

Diagnostically susceptible host species and symptoms

• Vitis rupestris var. rupestris cv. St. George - pits and grooves in trunk.

Maintenance and propagation hosts

Nicotiana glutinosa.

Susceptible host species

• Nicotiana clevelandii
• Nicotiana glutinosa
• Vitis labrusca
• Vitis rupestris
• Vitis rupestris var. rupestris (cv. St. George)
• Vitis vinifera

Insusceptible host species

• Chenopodium amaranticolor
• Chenopodium quinoa
• Nicotiana glutinosa

Families containing susceptible hosts

• Solanaceae (2/2)
• Vitidaceae (4/4)

Families containing insusceptible hosts

• Chenopodiaceae (2/2)
• Solanaceae (1/2)

Physical and biochemical properties

Properties of particles in sap

TIP: 50 °C. LIV: 4-5 days. DEP: log₁₀ minus 5. Leaf sap contains few virions (when isolated from Nicotiana clevelandii). Electron microscopy: when stained in UA the pitch of the basic helix can be measured.

Purification method

Milne et al. (1980).

Particle morphology

Virions filamentous; not enveloped; usually flexuous; with a clear modal length; of 800 nm; 11-12 nm wide. Basic helix obvious; pitch of basic helix 3.7 nm.

Physical properties

One sedimenting component in purified preparations (in CsCl).

Biochemical properties

Genome consists of RNA; single-stranded; linear. Genomic nucleic acid isolated by Boccardo and D'Aquilo (1981). Base composition 28.4 % G; 24.4 % A; 24.9 % C; 22.3 % U. Additional factor not required for infectivity.

Features of proteins

Method of preparation: Boccardo and D'Aquilo (1981).

Replication

Replication does not depend on a helper virus.

Cytopathology

Virions found in phloem, but are very difficult to extract from host tissue.

Taxonomy and relationships

Closterovirus

Virus(es) with serologically related virions

Citrus tristeza virus, but distantly (Conti et al., 1980).

Virus(es) with serologically unrelated virions

Apple chlorotic leafspot, beet yellows, carnation yellow fleck, heracleum latent, lilac chlorotic leafspot, apple stem grooving and potato T viruses.

Comments and References

References

• Boccardo and D'Aquilo (1981). J. gen. Virol. 53: 179.
• Ciccarone (1961). Hort. Agric. 98: 901.
• Conti, M. (1980).
• Rosciglione, B. (1983). Vitis 22: 331.

Cite this publication as: Brunt, A.A., Crabtree, K., Dallwitz, M.J., Gibbs, A.J., Watson, L. and Zurcher, E.J. (eds.) (1996 onwards). `Plant Viruses Online: Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database. Version: 20^th August 1996.' URL http://biology.anu.edu.au/Groups/MES/vide/

Dallwitz (1980) and Dallwitz, Paine and Zurcher (1993) should also be cited.