Plant Viruses Online   

Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database

Ginger chlorotic fleck (?) sobemovirus

Index

• Nomenclature
• Host range, transmission and symptoms
• Physical and biochemical properties
• Taxonomy and relationships
• Comments and References

Data collated by J.E. Thomas, 1984. Revised 1987.

Nomenclature

Acronym

GCFV

ICTV decimal code

67.0.1.T.014

Host range and symptoms

Natural host range and symptoms

Symptoms persist.
• Zingiber officinale - chlorotic leaf flecking.

Transmission

Virus transmitted by mechanical inoculation.

Geographical distribution

Found, but with no evidence of spread, in Australia, where it was isolated from ginger imported from India, Malaysia, Mauritius and Thailand, but all infected material was destroyed and there was no evidence that it became established in Australia. Its presence has not yet been confirmed in the countries of origin of the infected ginger.

Experimental host range

Few (<3) families susceptible.

Diagnostically susceptible host species and symptoms

• Zingiber officinale - systemic chlorotic flecking.

Diagnostically insusceptible host species

Gomphrena globosa, Chenopodium quinoa, Cucumis sativus cv. Supermarket, Phaseolus vulgaris cv. Bountiful, Zea mays cv. Iochief.

Maintenance and propagation hosts

Zingiber officinale.

Assay hosts (Local lesions or Whole plants)

Zingiber officinale (W). No local lesion host.

Susceptible host species

• Zingiber officinale

Insusceptible host species

• Chenopodium amaranticolor
• Chenopodium quinoa
• Cucumis sativus
• Elettaria cardamomum
• Gomphrena globosa
• Hedychium gardnerianum
• Musa acuminata (cv. Cavendish)
• Nicotiana tabacum
• Oryza sativa
• Phaseolus vulgaris
• Sorghum bicolor
• Vigna unguiculata
• Zea mays

Families containing susceptible hosts

• Zingiberaceae (1/3)

Families containing insusceptible hosts

• Amaranthaceae (1/1)
• Chenopodiaceae (2/2)
• Cucurbitaceae (1/1)
• Gramineae (3/3)
• Leguminosae-Papilionoideae (2/2)
• Musaceae (1/1)
• Solanaceae (1/1)
• Zingiberaceae (2/3)

Sources of host-range data

Thomas (1986).

Physical and biochemical properties

Properties of particles in sap

Leaf sap contains many virions. Electron microscopy: virions are unstable in PTA, but stable in UA and AM.

Purification method

Thomas (1986).

Particle morphology

Virions isometric; 28-33 nm in diameter (from side to side, 4 nm less than from vertex to vertex); angular in profile; without a conspicuous capsomere arrangement.

Physical properties

One sedimenting component in purified preparations; sedimentation coefficient 111 S (in 10 mM phosphate pH7, 20ºC). Density 1.355 g cm^-3 in CsCl (fixed). Density in Cs₂SO₄ 1.297 g cm^-3 at pH 4.9 and 1.293 g cm^-3 at pH 6.9.

Biochemical properties

Virions contain 20 % nucleic acid; 80 % protein.

Genome consists of RNA; single-stranded. Total genome size 4.2 kb. Genome unipartite (but with two minor components); largest (or only) genome part the largest 4.2 kb. Genomic nucleic acid isolated by Thomas (1986).

Features of proteins

Virion protein(s) two (the smaller probably a degradation product of the larger); M_r of the larger 29000. M_r of 2nd largest 27300. Method of preparation: Thomas (1986): SDS digestion.

Cytopathology

Virions found in leaves and mesophyll; in cytoplasm. Inclusions present in infected cells; are membranous bodies.

Taxonomy and relationships

Possible Sobemovirus

Virus(es) with serologically unrelated virions

Carnation mottle, cocksfoot mild mottle (syn. phleum mottle), cocksfoot mottle, cucumber leaf spot (cucumber fruit streak strain), cucumber mosaic, cymbidium ringspot, elm latent, galinsoga mosaic, glycine yellow mosaic, hibiscus chlorotic ringspot, lucerne transient streak, narcissus tip necrosis, pelargonium flower break, pelargonium line pattern, pelargonium vein netting, red clover necrotic mosaic, saguaro cactus, solanum nodiflorum mottle, southern bean mosaic, sowbane mosaic, tobacco necrosis, turnip crinkle, turnip rosette and velvet tobacco mottle viruses.

Best tests for diagnosis

Easily diagnosed by serological methods.

Comments and References

References

• Thomas, J.E. (1986). Ann. appl. Biol. 108: 43.
• Thomas, J.E. (1988). AAB Descr. Pl. Viruses No. 328, 4 pp.

Cite this publication as: Brunt, A.A., Crabtree, K., Dallwitz, M.J., Gibbs, A.J., Watson, L. and Zurcher, E.J. (eds.) (1996 onwards). `Plant Viruses Online: Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database. Version: 20^th August 1996.' URL http://biology.anu.edu.au/Groups/MES/vide/

Dallwitz (1980) and Dallwitz, Paine and Zurcher (1993) should also be cited.