Plant Viruses Online   

Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database

Galinsoga mosaic carmovirus

Index

• Nomenclature
• Host range, transmission and symptoms
• Physical and biochemical properties
• Taxonomy and relationships
• Comments and References

Data collated by A.J. Gibbs, 1986.

Nomenclature

Acronym

GaMV.

ICTV decimal code

74.0.2.0.007

Host range and symptoms

Natural host range and symptoms

Symptoms persist.
• Galinsoga parviflora - mosaic.

Transmission

Without a vector through soil. Virus transmitted by mechanical inoculation; not transmitted by contact between plants; not transmitted by seed.

Geographical distribution

Spreads in Australia.

Experimental host range

Several (3-9) families susceptible.

Diagnostically susceptible host species and symptoms

• Chenopodium amaranticolor, C. quinoa - small necrotic local lesions, not systemic.
• Galinsoga parviflora - chlorotic or necrotic local lesions, systemic mosaic; leaf malformation.
• Phaseolus vulgaris cvs Bountiful, Pinto - reddish-brown necrotic lesions; not systemic.
• Spinacia oleracea - systemic chlorotic spots and vein necrosis, leaves produced later symptomless.

Diagnostically insusceptible host species

Cucumis sativus, Datura stramonium, Lycopersicon esculentum, Trifolium repens, Vicia faba.

Maintenance and propagation hosts

Chenopodium amaranticolor, Phaseolus vulgaris (several cultivars).

Assay hosts (Local lesions or Whole plants)

Chenopodium amaranticolor (L); Chenopodium quinoa (L); Phaseolus vulgaris (L).

Susceptible host species

• Calendula officinalis
• Chenopodium album
• Chenopodium amaranticolor
• Chenopodium quinoa
• Cichorium endiva
• Daucus carota
• Emilia sagittata
• Emilia sonchifolia
• Galinsoga parviflora
• Glycine max
• Gomphrena globosa
• Helianthus annuus
• Lablab purpureus
• Lactuca sativa
• Melilotus albus
• Nicotiana clevelandii
• Nicotiana glutinosa
• Nicotiana tabacum
• Petunia × hybrida
• Phaseolus vulgaris
• Sonchus oleraceus
• Spinacia oleracea
• Trifolium incarnatum
• Vigna radiata
• Vigna unguiculata
• Zinnia elegans

Insusceptible host species

• Capsella bursa-pastoris
• Cucumis sativus
• Datura stramonium
• Lycopersicon esculentum
• Stellaria media
• Trifolium repens
• Vicia faba
• Vigna unguiculata ssp. cylindrica

Families containing susceptible hosts

• Amaranthaceae (1/1)
• Chenopodiaceae (4/4)
• Compositae (9/9)
• Leguminosae-Papilionoideae (7/10)
• Solanaceae (4/6)
• Umbelliferae (1/1)

Families containing insusceptible hosts

• Caryophyllaceae (1/1)
• Cruciferae (1/1)
• Cucurbitaceae (1/1)
• Leguminosae-Papilionoideae (3/10)
• Solanaceae (2/6)

Sources of host-range data

Behncken (1970).

Physical and biochemical properties

Properties of particles in sap

TIP: 75-80 °C. LIV: 42 days (and longer). DEP: log₁₀ minus 6. Infectivity of sap not changed by treatment with di-ethyl ether. Leaf sap contains many virions.

Purification method

Behncken (1970).

Particle morphology

Virions isometric; not enveloped; 34 nm in diameter; rounded in profile; without a conspicuous capsomere arrangement.

Physical properties

Two sedimenting components in purified preparations; sedimentation coefficient 118 S; of the other(s) 48 S (minor component of some preparations).

Biochemical properties

Virions contain 22 % nucleic acid; 78 % protein; 0 % lipid.

Genome consists of RNA; single-stranded; probably linear. Total genome size 4.4 kb. Genome unipartite; largest (or only) genome part 4.4 kb. Base composition 24.8 % G; 28.1 % A; 21.8 % C; 25.3 % U. Infectivity retained when deproteinised with phenol or detergent.

Features of the genome

Non-genomic nucleic acid not found in the virions.

Features of proteins

Virion protein(s) one; M_r 36400; coat protein. Method of preparation: Skotnicki and Gibbs (1981). Amino acid composition: Skotnicki and Gibbs (1981).

Replication

Replication does not depend on a helper virus.

Cytopathology

Virions found in all parts of the host plant; in cytoplasm (but not in the nucleus or perinuclear space). Inclusions present in infected cells; are unusual in shape (multivesicular bodies derived from mitochondria); they do not contain virions. Other cellular changes: multivesicular bodies similar to those found in cells infected with tomato bushy stunt virus.

Taxonomy and relationships

Carmovirus: Tombusviridae

Virus(es) with serologically unrelated virions

Tomato bushy stunt and glycine mottle viruses.

Comments and References

References

• Behncken, G.M. (1970). Aust. J. biol. Sci. 23: 497.
• Behncken, G.M., Francki, R.I.B. and Gibbs, A.J. (1982). CMI/AAB Descr. Pl. Viruses No. 252, 4 pp.
• Hatta, T. and Francki, R.I.B. (1981). J. Ultrastruct. Res. 74: 116.
• Shukla, D.D., Shanks, G.J., Teakle, D.S. and Behncken, G.M. (1979). Aust. J. biol. Sci. 32: 267.
• Skotnicki, A. and Gibbs, A.J. (1981). Australas. Pl. Path. 10: 27.

Cite this publication as: Brunt, A.A., Crabtree, K., Dallwitz, M.J., Gibbs, A.J., Watson, L. and Zurcher, E.J. (eds.) (1996 onwards). `Plant Viruses Online: Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database. Version: 20^th August 1996.' URL http://biology.anu.edu.au/Groups/MES/vide/

Dallwitz (1980) and Dallwitz, Paine and Zurcher (1993) should also be cited.