Plant Viruses Online   

Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database

Frangipani mosaic tobamovirus

Index

• Nomenclature
• Host range, transmission and symptoms
• Physical and biochemical properties
• Taxonomy and relationships
• Comments and References

Data collated by A. Varma, 1984.

Nomenclature

Synonyms

temple tree mosaic virus, champa mosaic virus.

Acronym

FrMV

Strains

Adel (Adelaide), Ald (Allahabad), Del (Delhi).

ICTV decimal code

71.0.1.0.003

Host range and symptoms

Natural host range and symptoms

Symptoms persist.
• Plumeria acutifolia - mosaic, ringspots, vein banding, bronzing.
• P. alba - ringspots, leaf malformation, necrosis.

Transmission

Transmitted by means not involving a vector. Virus transmitted by mechanical inoculation.

Geographical distribution

Spreads in Australia, India, and Kenya.

Experimental host range

Several (3-9) families susceptible.

Diagnostically susceptible host species and symptoms

• Datura stramonium - chlorotic or black necrotic local lesions; most strains not systemic.
• Nicotiana glutinosa - chlorotic local lesions, not systemic.
• Nicotiana tabacum cvs Samsun, Virginia Gold, White Burley - chlorotic or necrotic ringspots, then systemically when grown at 35ºC.
• Nicotiana × edwardsonii - faint chlorotic lesions which become necrotic when plants are grown at 35ºC. Not systemic.

Diagnostically insusceptible host species

Chenopodium amaranticolor, Cucumis sativus, Phaseolus vulgaris.

Maintenance and propagation hosts

Nicotiana glutinosa.

Assay hosts (Local lesions or Whole plants)

Datura stramonium (L).

Susceptible host species

• Chenopodium quinoa
• Datura stramonium
• Nicotiana clevelandii
• Nicotiana glutinosa
• Nicotiana tabacum
• Nicotiana × edwardsonii
• Plumeria acutifolia
• Plumeria alba

Insusceptible host species

• Chenopodium amaranticolor
• Cucumis sativus
• Cucurbita pepo
• Phaseolus vulgaris

Families containing susceptible hosts

• Apocynaceae (2/2)
• Chenopodiaceae (1/2)
• Solanaceae (5/5)

Families containing insusceptible hosts

• Chenopodiaceae (1/2)
• Cucurbitaceae (2/2)
• Leguminosae-Papilionoideae (1/1)

Comments on host-range

FMV requires high temperatures for replication. More species become infected at temperatures above 25ºC than below. Symptoms appear in 3-6 days at 35ºC, but after 2 weeks or more at 22ºC.

Sources of host-range data

Varma and Gibbs (1978).

Physical and biochemical properties

Properties of particles in sap

TIP: 95 °C. LIV: 70 days (or more). DEP: log₁₀ minus 5. Leaf sap contains many virions.

Purification method

Varma et al. (1970).

Particle morphology

Virions rod-shaped; not enveloped; usually straight; with a clear modal length; of 297 nm; 17 nm wide. Axial canal obvious.

Physical properties

One sedimenting component in purified preparations; sedimentation coefficient 188 S.

Biochemical properties

Virions contain 5 % nucleic acid; 95 % protein; 0 % lipid.

Genome consists of RNA; single-stranded; linear; unipartite.

Features of proteins

Virion protein(s) one. Method of preparation: Francki et al. (1971). Amino acid composition: Francki et al. (1971).

Replication

Replication does not depend on a helper virus.

Cytopathology

Virions found in mesophyll; in cytoplasm. Inclusions present in infected cells; are crystals in the cytoplasm; they contain virions.

Taxonomy and relationships

Tobamovirus

Virus(es) with serologically related virions

Cucumber green mottle mosaic and sunn-hemp mosaic viruses are closely related; tobacco mosaic virus-type strain, tobacco mild green mosaic (U2), tomato mosaic and ribgrass mosaic viruses are more distantly related (Francki et al., 1971). Nucleic hybridization tests have confirmed the relatedness of tomato mosaic and tobacco mild green mosaic viruses (Palukaitis and Symons, 1980; Palukaitis et al., 1981).

Virus(es) with serologically unrelated virions

Sammons' opuntia virus.

Comments and References

References

• Francki, R.I.B., Zaitlin, M. and Grivell, C.J. (1971). Aust. J. biol. Sci. 24: 815.
• Varma, A. and Gibbs, A.J. (1978). CMI/AAB Descr. Pl. Viruses No. 196, 4 pp.
• Palukaitis, P. and Symons, R.H. (1980). Virology 107: 354.
• Palukaitis, P., Randles, J.W., Tian, Y.C., Kang, L.Y. and Tien, P. (1981). Intervirology 16: 136.
• Varma, A., Gibbs, A.J. and Woods, R.D. (1970). J. gen. Virol. 8: 21.

Cite this publication as: Brunt, A.A., Crabtree, K., Dallwitz, M.J., Gibbs, A.J., Watson, L. and Zurcher, E.J. (eds.) (1996 onwards). `Plant Viruses Online: Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database. Version: 20^th August 1996.' URL http://biology.anu.edu.au/Groups/MES/vide/

Dallwitz (1980) and Dallwitz, Paine and Zurcher (1993) should also be cited.