Plant Viruses
Online 
Descriptions and Lists from
the VIDE Database
Eggplant mottled
dwarf nucleorhabdovirus
Index
Data collated by A.A. Brunt, 1989.
Nomenclature
Synonyms
tomato vein chlorosis virus, tomato yellow vein
virus, tomato vein yellowing virus (Adam et al., 1987; Castellano and
Martelli, 1987; El Maataoui et al., 1985), tomato vein clearing virus.
Acronym
ICTV decimal code
Host range and symptoms
First reported
in Solanum melongena; from southern Italy; by Martelli (1969).
Natural host range and symptoms
Symptoms persist.
- Solanum melongena - mottling, vein clearing and leaf
malformation.
- Hibiscus rosa-sinensis - vein yellowing and leaf
malformation.
- Lycopersicon esculentum, Solanum nigrum - yellow
vein banding.
- Solanum sodomaeum - severe leaf chlorosis.
- Lonicera sp. - yellow vein banding.
Transmission
Virus transmitted by mechanical inoculation;
transmitted by grafting; not transmitted by seed.
Ecology and
control
Studies reported by the virus is widespread in some
Mediterranean countries, but its vector is unknown. In Morocco, Solanum
sodomaeum is probably an important perennial source of infection.
Geographical distribution
Spreads in Algeria, Greece, Italy,
Morocco, Portugal, Tunisia, and Turkey (and the Canary Islands).
Experimental host range
Several (3-9) families
susceptible.
Diagnostically susceptible host species and
symptoms
- Solanum melongena, Nicotiana benthamiana, N.
clevelandii, N. langsdorffii, N. glutinosa, N. megalosiphon, N. rustica, N.
tabacum - chlorotic local lesions, then systemic chlorosis.
- Chenopodium amaranticolor, C. quinoa, Gomphrena globosa - local
lesions, not systemic.
Diagnostically insusceptible host species
Lactuca sativa, Datura stramonium, Physalis floridana, Phaseolus
vulgaris, Cucumis sativus.
Maintenance and propagation hosts
Solanum melongena, Nicotiana glutinosa, N. tabacum, N.
benthamiana, N. clevelandii.
Assay hosts (Local lesions or Whole plants)
Nicotiana tabacum (L), N. glutinosa (L).
Susceptible
host species
Insusceptible host species
Families containing susceptible hosts
Families containing
insusceptible hosts
Comments on host-range
The Italian
tomato isolate has a narrower host range than the Italian eggplant and Moroccan
tomato isolates and fails also to infect eggplant (Castellano and Martelli,
1987). El Maataoui et al. (1985) also report that 32 unnamed
dicotyledonous species are insusceptible.
Sources of host-range data
Martelli
and Rana (1970); El Maataoui et al. (1985); Castellano and Martelli
(1987).
Physical and
biochemical properties
Properties of particles in sap
TIP: 54
°C. LIV: 30-44 days (at 4ºC). DEP: log10 minus 3-4. Infectivity of sap
decreased by treatment with di-ethyl ether. Leaf sap contains few virions.
Purification method
El Maataoui
et al. (1985).
Particle morphology
Virions rhabdo- or
bullet-shaped; enveloped; of 220-230 nm; 80-90 nm wide. Axial canal obvious;
18 nm in diameter. Basic helix obvious; pitch of basic helix 4.5 nm.
Features of proteins
Virion protein(s) five;
Mr of the largest 100000 (or more); L protein. Mr of 2nd
largest 81000-86000; G protein. Mr of 3rd largest 56000-61000; N
protein. Mr of 4th largest 27000-32000; M1 protein. Mr of
5th largest 21000-25000; M2 protein.
Cytopathology
Virions found in leaves, vascular
parenchyma, flowers (except stamens) and pericarp; in cytoplasm (within
membranous cisternae attached to the nuclear membrane), or in the perinuclear
space. Inclusions absent from infected cells. Other cellular changes: nuclei
which develop uniformly granular nucleoplasm and loose chromatin. The
chloroplasts and mitochondria are also altered.
Taxonomy and
relationships
Virus(es) with serologically unrelated virions
Potato yellow dwarf (SYDV and CYDV serotypes), broccoli necrotic
yellows and sonchus yellow net viruses.
Additional comments on relationships
The tomato vein clearing rhabdovirus occurring in Japan (Kano et
al., 1985) shows some similarities to eggplant mottled dwarf virus, but
tests for possible relatedness have yet to be made. The yellow vein disease of
tomatoes in Nigeria (Ladipo, 1977) is induced by an uncharacterised
sap-transmissible virus which also shows some similarities to eggplant mottled
dwarf rhabdovirus.
Comments and
References
References
- Adam, G., Chagas, C.M.
and Lesemann, D.E. (1987). Phytopathology 120: 31.
- Castellano,
M.A. and Martelli, G.P. (1987). Phytopathol. Medit. 26: 46.
- Cherif, C. and Martelli, G.P. (1985). FAO Pl. Prot. Bull. 33:
166.
- Dale, J.L. and Peters, D. (1981). Intervirology 16: 86.
- El Maataoui, M., Lockhart, B.E.L. and Lesemann, D.E. (1985).
Phytopathology 75: 109.
- Kano, T.S., Namba, S., Yamashita, Y.,
Doi, Y. and Yora, K. (1985). Ann. Phytopath. Soc. Japan 51: 606.
- Ladipo, J.L. (1977). Pl. Dis. Reptr 61: 958.
- Lockhart,
B.E.L. (1987). Plant Dis. 71: 731.
- Peters, D. (1981).
CMI/AAB Descr. Pl. Viruses No. 244, 4 pp.
- Plavsic, B., Eric, Z. and
Milicic, D. (1984). Phytopathol. Medit. 23: 49.
- Martelli, G.P. (1969). J. gen. Virol. 5: 319.
- Martelli,
G.P. and Cirulli, M. (1969). Annls. Phytopath. 1: 393.
- Martelli, G.P. and Castellano, M.A. (1970). Phytopathol. Medit.
9: 39.
- Martelli, G.P. and Rana, G.L. (1970). Phytopathol.
Medit. 9: 187.
- Martelli, G.P. and Cherif, C. (1987). J.
Phytopath. 119: 32.
- Martelli, G.P. and Hmadi, A. (1986). Pl.
Path. 35: 595.
- Martelli, G.P., Yilmaz, M.A. and Baloglu, S.
(1984). Phytopathol. Medit. 23: 9.
- Russo, M. and Martelli,
G.P. (1972). Phytopathol. Medit. 11: 136.
Cite this publication as:
Brunt, A.A., Crabtree, K., Dallwitz, M.J., Gibbs, A.J., Watson, L. and Zurcher, E.J. (eds.)
(1996 onwards).
`Plant Viruses Online: Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database.
Version: 20th August 1996.' URL
http://biology.anu.edu.au/Groups/MES/vide/
Dallwitz (1980)
and
Dallwitz, Paine and Zurcher (1993)
should also be cited.
Please send comments, corrections and suggestions to:
vide-manager@biology.anu.edu.au