Plant Viruses Online   

Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database

Digitaria streak monogeminivirus

Index

• Nomenclature
• Host range, transmission and symptoms
• Physical and biochemical properties
• Taxonomy and relationships
• Comments and References

Data collated by P.G. Markham, P.M. Mullineaux, G.P. Accotto, 1991.

Nomenclature

Acronym

DSV

ICTV decimal code

29.0.1.0.004

Host range and symptoms

Natural host range and symptoms

Symptoms persist. Symptoms white or chlorotic streaks or local lesions.
• Digitaria setigera - narrow white streaks or local lesions, usually 1-3 mm long. Longer wider chlorotic often yellow local lesions with diffuse margins.

Transmission

Transmitted by a vector; an insect; Nesoclutha declivata; Cicadellidae. Not transmitted by Cicadulina mbila, C. triangula, C. chinai, C. bipunctella, Nesoclutha pallida. Transmitted in a persistent manner. Virus does not multiply in the vector; not transmitted congenitally to the progeny of the vector; not transmitted by mechanical inoculation; not transmitted by grafting; not transmitted by contact between plants; not transmitted by seed; not transmitted by pollen.

Geographical distribution

Spreads in Vanuatu.

Experimental host range

Several (3-9) families susceptible. Experimentally infected plants mostly show narrow, short, white or chlorotic streaks or local lesions with some showing diffuse edges to local lesions, but most local lesions clearly defined.

Diagnostically susceptible host species and symptoms

• Avena sativa, Digitaria setigera, Hordeum vulgare, Zea mays - chlorotic streaks and local lesions, severe deformation of plant.

Diagnostically insusceptible host species

Nicotiana tabacum.

Maintenance and propagation hosts

Digitaria setigera.

Assay hosts (Local lesions or Whole plants)

Digitaria setigera (W).

Susceptible host species

• Avena sativa
• Digitaria setigera
• Hordeum vulgare
• Zea mays

Insusceptible host species

• Nicotiana tabacum

Families containing susceptible hosts

• Gramineae (4/4)

Families containing insusceptible hosts

• Solanaceae (1/1)

Sources of host-range data

Dollet et al. (1986); Donson et al. (1988); Pinner and Markham (1990); Creissen et al. (1990).

Physical and biochemical properties

Properties of particles in sap

Leaf sap contains few virions. Electron microscopy: ISEM for negative staining.

Purification method

Resuspend virus in 0.01M sodium acetate buffer pH 4.5, purify through sucrose cushion (30%).

Particle morphology

Virions geminate; not enveloped; 18 nm in diameter; 30 nm in length; angular in profile; with a conspicuous capsomere arrangement.

Physical properties

One sedimenting component in purified preparations. A₂₆₀/A₂₈₀ ratio 1.1.

Biochemical properties

Virions contain 20 % nucleic acid; 80 % protein.

Genome consists of DNA; single-stranded; circular. Total genome size 2.701 kb. Genome unipartite; largest (or only) genome part 2.701 kb. Genomic nucleic acid isolated by Dollet et al. (1986). Base composition 25.8 % G; 25.5 % A; 23.9 % C; 24.8 % T. Genome has no tRNA-like activity. Nucleotide sequence references: Donson et al. (1987).

NCBI sequence data (Entrez search)

Sequence database accession code(s)

• M23022 Gb(84)_vi:DIGGENOME Digitaria streak virus, complete genome. 3/92 2,701bp. 1 sequence.

Features of the genome

Features of the genome: 4 ORFs; V1, V2 (coat protein), C1 and C2. Core promoter sequences located at coordinates 2671 (virion sense) and 2496 (complementary sense). Main stem loop structure in intergenic region (coordinates 2542-2581). Polyadenylation sequences at 1064 (virions strand) and 1084 (complementary strand).
Transcripts; 2 abundant virion-sense transcripts (1+, 2+). 1+ 5´ end at 2700-3´ end at c. 1060. 2+ 5´ end at 170-3´ end at c. 1060. 1+ may direct V1 translation, 2+ may direct V2 translation. Rare transcripts on complementary sense. 3 transcripts (1-, 2- and 4-). 4- is spliced between coordinates 1759 and 1666. Intron sequences typical for plant leads to fusion of C1:C2 ORF's which synthesise 41kDa protein. 2- unspliced equivalent would synthesise, C1 product only (30.5kDa).
5´ ends 1- 2650, 2- 2467 and 2476 (2 ends), 4- 2467 and 2476 (2 ends).
3´ ends for all transcripts; major end at 1063, minor end at 1067.

Non-genomic nucleic acid not found in the virions.

Features of proteins

Virion protein(s) one; M_r 26600; it is ORF V2 and functions as coat protein. Method of preparation: Dollet et al. (1986). Amino acid sequence: Donson et al. (1987).

Replication

Genome replicates in nuclei.

Cytopathology

Virions found in leaves, mesophyll, meristems and probably the roots; in nuclei and in cell vacuoles. Inclusions present in infected cells; are crystals in the nucleus and unusual in shape; typically in the formation of large irregular sheets of virions regularly arranged in rows; they contain virions.

Taxonomy and relationships

monogeminivirus: Geminiviridae

Virus(es) with serologically related virions

Maize streak, panicum streak and sugarcane streak viruses (Pinner and Markham, 1988).

Virus(es) with serologically unrelated virions

Chloris striate mosaic and paspalum striate mosaic viruses.

Additional comments on relationships

There is 74% homology between the coat proteins of maize streak and digitaria streak viruses.

Best tests for diagnosis

Vector specific transmission; indirect ELISA test on sap from infected plants, followed by dot-blot nucleic acid hybridization.

Comments and References

References

• Accotto, G.P., Donson, J. and Mullineaux, P.M. (1989). EMBO J. 8: 1033.
• Dollet, M., Accotto, G.P., Lisa, V., Menissier, J. and Boccardo, G. (1986). J. gen. Virol. 67: 933.
• Donson, J., Accotto, G.P., Boulton, M.I., Mullineaux, P.M. and Davies, J.W. (1987). Virology 161: 160.
• Donson, J., Gunn, H.V., Woolston, C.J., Pinner, M.S., Boulton, M.I., Mullineaux, P.M. and Davies, J.W. (1988). Virology 162; 248.
• Julia, J.F. and Dollet, M. (1989). J. Phytopath. 127: 42.
• Mullineaux, P.M., Guerineau, F. and Accotto, G.P. (1990). Nucl. Acids Res. 18: 7259.
• Pinner, M.S. and Markham, P.G. (1990). J. gen. Virol. 71: 1635.

Cite this publication as: Brunt, A.A., Crabtree, K., Dallwitz, M.J., Gibbs, A.J., Watson, L. and Zurcher, E.J. (eds.) (1996 onwards). `Plant Viruses Online: Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database. Version: 20^th August 1996.' URL http://biology.anu.edu.au/Groups/MES/vide/

Dallwitz (1980) and Dallwitz, Paine and Zurcher (1993) should also be cited.