Plant Viruses Online   

Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database

Datura distortion mosaic potyvirus

Index

• Nomenclature
• Host range, transmission and symptoms
• Physical and biochemical properties
• Taxonomy and relationships
• Comments and References

Data collated by V.R. Mali, 1987. Revised 1989.

Nomenclature

Acronym

DDMV

ICTV decimal code

57.0.1.T.026

Host range and symptoms

Natural host range and symptoms

Symptoms persist.
• Datura metel, D. alba - mosaic and blistering of leaves, small fruits, no spines, stunting.

Transmission

Transmitted by a vector; an insect; Aphis craccivora, A. gossypii, A. nerii, Dactynotus sonchi, Myzus persicae, but not Melanaphis sacchari; Aphididae. Transmitted in a non-persistent manner. Virus transmitted by mechanical inoculation; transmitted by grafting; not transmitted by contact between plants; not transmitted by seed.

Ecology and control

Studies reported by Mali et al. (1985); Game (1988).

Geographical distribution

Spreads in India (Maharashtra State).

Experimental host range

Few (<3) families susceptible.

Diagnostically susceptible host species and symptoms

• Datura ferox - systemic vein clearing, mosaic, leaf malformation and shoe-stringing.
• Datura metel - veinal necrosis, then systemic mosaic and malformation.
• D. stramonium - systemic veinal chlorosis.
• Nicotiana clevelandii - chlorotic local lesions, then systemic vein clearing, epinasty and leaf malformation.
• N. glutinosa, N. sylvestris - chlorotic local lesions, then systemic mosaic and leaf malformation.
• N. megalosiphon - chlorotic local lesions, systemic mottle.
• N. tabacum cv. White Burley - systemic mottle.
• N. tabacum cv. Xanthi,
• Solanum nigrum - systemic mosaic, blistering.
• Petunia × hybrida, Physalis floridana - systemic vein clearing and mosaic.

Diagnostically insusceptible host species

Lycopersicon esculentum, Nicotiana rustica, N. tabacum cv. Samsun, Solanum melongena, S. tuberosum, Capsicum pendulum, Chenopodium album, C. amaranticolor, C. quinoa, C. murale.

Maintenance and propagation hosts

Datura metel, Nicotiana megalosiphon, N. tabacum cv. Xanthi.

Assay hosts (Local lesions or Whole plants)

Datura metel (W), Nicotiana glutinosa (W).

Susceptible host species

• Capsicum annuum
• Datura alba
• Datura ferox
• Datura metel
• Datura stramonium
• Lycopersicon esculentum
• Nicotiana clevelandii
• Nicotiana glutinosa
• Nicotiana megalosiphon
• Nicotiana sylvestris
• Nicotiana tabacum
• Petunia axillaris
• Petunia violacea
• Petunia × hybrida
• Physalis floridana
• Physalis minima
• Solanum nigrum

Insusceptible host species

• Amaranthus tricolor
• Arachis hypogaea
• Bidens pilosa
• Canavalia ensiformis
• Capsicum pendulum
• Carica papaya
• Cassia occidentalis
• Cassia tora
• Chenopodium album
• Chenopodium amaranticolor
• Chenopodium murale
• Chenopodium quinoa
• Cicer arietinum
• Commelina benghalensis
• Crotalaria juncea
• Cucumis sativus
• Cucurbita moschata
• Luffa acutangula
• Lycopersicon esculentum
• Nicotiana rustica
• Nicotiana tabacum
• Phaseolus vulgaris
• Pisum sativum
• Solanum melongena
• Solanum tuberosum
• Solanum xanthocarpum
• Tetragonia tetragonioides
• Vigna mungo
• Vigna unguiculata
• Vigna unguiculata ssp. sesquipedalis
• Zinnia elegans

Families containing susceptible hosts

• Solanaceae (17/22)

Families containing insusceptible hosts

• Amaranthaceae (1/1)
• Caricaceae (1/1)
• Chenopodiaceae (4/4)
• Commelinaceae (1/1)
• Compositae (2/2)
• Cucurbitaceae (3/3)
• Leguminosae-Caesalpinioideae (2/2)
• Leguminosae-Papilionoideae (9/9)
• Solanaceae (7 /22)
• Tetragoniaceae (1/1)

Sources of host-range data

Mali et al. (1985); Game (1988).

Physical and biochemical properties

Properties of particles in sap

TIP: 55-60 °C. LIV: 4 days. DEP: log₁₀ minus 2-3. Leaf sap contains few virions.

Purification method

Mali et al. (1985).

Particle morphology

Virions filamentous; not enveloped; usually flexuous; with a clear modal length; of »11 770 nm; 11 nm wide. Axial canal obscure. Basic helix obscure.

Cytopathology

Inclusions cytoplasmic cylindrical present in infected cells; are pinwheels and unusual in shape; scrolls and long straight laminated aggregates.

Taxonomy and relationships

Potyvirus: Potyviridae

Virus(es) with serologically related virions

Henbane mosaic virus.

Virus(es) with serologically unrelated virions

Potato A, potato Y, bean common mosaic, bean yellow mosaic, peanut mottle and soybean mosaic viruses.

Best tests for diagnosis

The virus is a potyvirus and hence distinct from tobacco mosaic (TMV) (Hotin and Procenko, 1973), potato virus M (PVM) (Habib, 1982), cucumber mosaic (CMV) (Suteri and Bala, 1982) and tobacco streak (TSV) (Blakeslee, 1921; Edwardson and Purcifull, 1974). Datura species are known to be infected at least by ten potyviruses such as CDV (Kahn and Bartels, 1968), DNV (Badami and Kassanis, 1959), DMV (Quereshi and Mahmood, 1968), datura 437 virus (Damsteegt, 1974), DSV (Giri and Agrawal, 1971), HMV (Bradley, 1952; Lovisolo and Bartels, 1970), HDMV (Peralta et al., 1981), PMeV (Nelson and Wheeler, 1974), PVY (Blaszczak, 1976; Rao and Yaraguntaiah, 1976) and TEV (Chester, 1937; Klesser, 1966; Zitter, 1971). DDMV differs from DMV, DNV and DSV in aphid transmissibility. Although DDMV is serologically related to HMV, it differs in forming type-III CCI inclusions (HMV induces type-II CCI inclusions), in virion size and host range. HMV has longer virions (800-900 nm) and causes more severe symptoms in Datura stramonium than DDMV. In CCI morphology, DDMV is also distinct from CDV, HDMV, datura 437 virus, PMeV, PVY and TEV (Edwardson et al., 1984). DDMV differs from all ten potyviruses in host range and symptoms. It differs from DSV, PMeV and PVY, in infecting Datura stramonium and from HMV, TEV, DMV and HDMV in its mild symptoms in Datura stramonium. It differs from HMV, TEV and PVY, DDMV in not infecting Chenopodium amaranticolor and Chenopodium quinoa, and is distinct from PMeV in infecting Datura metel and from HDMV in not infecting Nicotiana rustica and N. tabacum cv. Samsun. Therefore, DDMV is considered to be a distinct member of the potyvirus group (Mali, 1985) and in subdivision III of Edwardson (1974). Few comparisons have been made between DDMV and other similar viruses reported from India (Capoor and Varma, 1948, 1951; Garga, 1958; Verma and Verma, 1963).

Comments and References

References

• Badami, R.S. and Kassanis, B. (1959). Ann. appl. Biol. 47: 90.
• Blakeslee, A.F. (1921). J. Genet. 11: 17.
• Blaszczak, W. (1976). Rezn. nauk. roln. seria. E.T. 6, Z 2: 69.
• Bradley, R.H.E. (1952). Ann. appl. Biol. 39: 78.
• Capoor, S.P. and Varma, P.M. (1948). Curr. Sci. 17: 151.
• Capoor, S.P. and Varma, P.M. (1951). Indian J. agric. Sci. 22: 303.
• Chester, K.S. (1937). Phytopathology 27: 903.
• Damsteegt, V.D. (1974). Proc. Am. Phytopath. Soc. 1: 50.
• Edwardson, J.R. (1974). Fla Agric. Exp. Stn Monog. No. 4, p. 398.
• Edwardson, J.R. and Purcifull, D.E. (1974). Phytopathology 64: 1322.
• Edwardson, J.R., Christie, R.G. and Ko, N.J. (1984). Phytopathology 74: 1111.
• Game (1988). M.Sc. Thesis, Maharashtra Agric. Univ., Parbhani, India, 50 pp.
• Garga, R.P. (1958). Indian Phytopath. 11: 133.
• Giri, L. and Agrawal, H.O. (1971). Phytopath. Z. 70: 81.
• Habibi, N.M. (1982). Egypt. J. Bot. 23: 163.
• Hotin, Y.A. and Procenko, A.I. (1973). Byull. glavn. bot. Sada., Leningrad 87: 113.
• Kahn, R.P. and Bartels, R. (1962). Phytopathology 48: 587.
• Kahn, R.P. and Bartels, R. (1968). Pl. Dis. Reptr 48: 603.
• Klesser, P.J. (1966). Bothalia 9: 173.
• Lovisolo, O. and Bartels, R. (1970). Phytopath. Z. 69: 73.
• Mali, V.R. (1985). Int. J. Trop. Pl. Dis. 3: 93.
• Mali, V.R., Nirmal, D.D., Patel, K.V. and Vyanjane, N.T. (1985). Indian Phytopath. 38: 413.
• Matthews, R.E.F. (1982). Intervirology 17: 11.
• Nelson, M.R. and Wheeler, R.E. (1978). Phytopathology 68: 979.
• Peralta, E.L., Beczner, L. and Dezsery, M. (1981). Acta Phytopath. Acad. Sci. Hung. 16: 85.
• Quereshi, S. and Mahmood, K. (1978). Phytopath. Z. 93: 113.
• Rao, R.D.V.J.P. and Yaraguntaiah, R.C. (1976). Curr. Sci. 49: 467.
• Suteri, B.D. and Bala, S. (1982). Sci. Cult. 48: 384.
• Varma, G.S. and Verma, H.N. (1963). Indian Phytopath. 16: 366.
• Yaraguntaiah, R.C. and Govindu, H.C. (1972). Mysore J. Agric. Sci. 6: 352.
• Zitter, T.A. (1973). Pl. Dis. Reptr 57: 991.

Cite this publication as: Brunt, A.A., Crabtree, K., Dallwitz, M.J., Gibbs, A.J., Watson, L. and Zurcher, E.J. (eds.) (1996 onwards). `Plant Viruses Online: Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database. Version: 20^th August 1996.' URL http://biology.anu.edu.au/Groups/MES/vide/

Dallwitz (1980) and Dallwitz, Paine and Zurcher (1993) should also be cited.