Plant Viruses Online   

Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database

Dandelion yellow mosaic sequivirus

Index

• Nomenclature
• Host range, transmission and symptoms
• Physical and biochemical properties
• Taxonomy and relationships
• Comments and References

Data collated by A.A. Brunt and L. Bos, 1992.

Nomenclature

Synonyms

lettuce necrosis virus (Hein, 1963).

Acronym

DaYMV (DYMV)

ICTV decimal code

65.0.1.0.002

Host range and symptoms

Natural host range and symptoms

Symptoms persist. Symptoms chlorotic rings, interveinal necrosis, distortion and stunting.
• Lactuca sativa - veinal chlorosis and necrosis, and veinal and interveinal necrotic etching; leaf narrowing and curling and severe plant stunting.
• Taraxacum officinale - conspicuous yellow rings and mottling.

Transmission

Transmitted by a vector; an insect; Acyrthosiphon (Aulacorthum) solani, Myzus ornatus, Myzus ascalonicus, Myzus persicae; Aphididae. Not transmitted by Aphis fabae, Macrosiphum euphorbiae, Nasonovia ribicola, Aulocorthum circumflexum, Pemphigus bursarius. Virus transmitted by mechanical inoculation.

Ecology and control

Studies reported by Kassanis (1947).

Geographical distribution

Spreads in the former Czechoslovakia, Germany, the Netherlands, Norway, and the UK.

Experimental host range

Several (3-9) families susceptible. Experimentally infected plants mostly show chlorotic or necrotic local lesions, systemic chlorosis, necrosis, leaf curling and stunting or symptomless infection.

Diagnostically susceptible host species and symptoms

Chenopodium amaranticolor, C. quinoa - numerous small chlorotic local lesions; systemic stippling.
• Chenopodium murale - small local necrotic lesions.
• Lactuca sativa - chlorotic mosaics, leaf curling and plant stunting.
• Nicotiana benthamiana - systemic chlorosis (some isolates only).
• N. clevelandii - systemic chlorotic rings (some isolates only).

Diagnostically insusceptible host species

Pisum sativum, Sonchus oleraceus, Vigna unguiculata.

Maintenance and propagation hosts

Chenopodium quinoa, Lactuca sativa, Nicotiana clevelandii.

Assay hosts (Local lesions or Whole plants)

Chenopodium murale (L), C. amaranticolor (L), C. quinoa (L), Nicotiana clevelandii (W), Gomphrena globosa (L).

Susceptible host species

• Chenopodium amaranticolor
• Chenopodium murale
• Chenopodium quinoa
• Cichorium endiva
• Cucumis sativus
• Gomphrena globosa
• Lactuca sativa
• Lactuca serriola
• Lactuca virosa
• Nicotiana benthamiana
• Nicotiana clevelandii
• Nicotiana glutinosa
• Nicotiana rustica
• Nicotiana sylvestris
• Pastinaca sativa
• Spinacia oleracea
• Taraxacum officinale

Insusceptible host species

• Apium graveolens
• Calendula officinalis
• Cheiranthus cheiri
• Phaseolus vulgaris
• Pisum sativum
• Senecio vulgaris
• Sonchus oleraceus
• Vigna unguiculata

Families containing susceptible hosts

• Amaranthaceae (1/1)
• Chenopodiaceae (4/4)
• Compositae (5/8)
• Cucurbitaceae (1/1)
• Solanaceae (5/5)
• Umbelliferae (1/2)

Families containing insusceptible hosts

• Compositae (3/8)
• Cruciferae (1/1)
• Leguminosae-Papilionoideae (3/3)
• Umbelliferae (1/2)

Sources of host-range data

Kassanis (1947); Bos et al. (1983).

Physical and biochemical properties

Properties of particles in sap

TIP: 60-65 °C. LIV: 1 days. DEP: log₁₀ minus 4-5. Leaf sap contains few virions. Electron microscopy: ISEM.

Purification method

Bos et al. (1983).

Particle morphology

Virions isometric; not enveloped; rounded in profile; without a conspicuous capsomere arrangement.

Physical properties

One sedimenting component in purified preparations; sedimentation coefficient 159 S. Density 1.42 in Cs₂SO₄. A₂₆₀/A₂₈₀ ratio 1.67.

Biochemical properties

Genome consists of RNA; single-stranded; unipartite; largest (or only) genome part 10 kb.

Features of proteins

Virion protein(s) three; M_r 29000, or 32000. M_r of 2nd largest 25000, or 29500. M_r of 3rd largest 24000, or 27000.

Replication

Replication does not depend on a helper virus.

Cytopathology

Virions found in leaves; in cytoplasm.

Taxonomy and relationships

Sequivirus: Sequiviridae

Virus(es) with serologically unrelated virions

Parsnip yellow fleck virus.

Comments and References

References

• Blystad, D.-R. (1989). Norw. J. agric. Sci. 3: 373.
• Bos, L., Huijberts, N., Huttinga, H. and Maat, D. (1983). Neth. J. Pl. Path. 89: 207.
• Hein, A. (1963). NachrBl. dtsch. Pflanzenschutzd. Braunschweig 15: 17.
• Hemida, S.K. and Murant, A.F. (1989). Ann. appl. Biol. 114: 87.
• Kassanis, B. (1944). Nature, Lond. 154: 16.
• Kassanis, B. (1947). Ann. appl. Biol. 34: 412.
• Kristensen, H.R., Tapio, E. and Lihnell, D. (1965). List of Plant Viruses Occurring in the Nordic Countries, p. 25.
• Murant, A.F. (1988). In: The Plant Viruses; Vol. 3, Polyhedral Virions with Monopartite RNA Genomes, p. 273; ed. R. Koenig. Plenum Press, New York.
• Vetten, H.J., Breyel, E., Lesemann, D.-E., Maiss, E. and Weidemann, H.L. (1985). Phytoparasitica 13: 271.

Cite this publication as: Brunt, A.A., Crabtree, K., Dallwitz, M.J., Gibbs, A.J., Watson, L. and Zurcher, E.J. (eds.) (1996 onwards). `Plant Viruses Online: Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database. Version: 20^th August 1996.' URL http://biology.anu.edu.au/Groups/MES/vide/

Dallwitz (1980) and Dallwitz, Paine and Zurcher (1993) should also be cited.