Plant Viruses Online   

Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database

Cereal northern mosaic cytorhabdovirus

Index

• Nomenclature
• Host range, transmission and symptoms
• Physical and biochemical properties
• Taxonomy and relationships
• Comments and References

Data collated by S. Toriyama, 1987.

Nomenclature

Synonyms

northern cereal mosaic virus, wheat rosette stunt virus (Lundsgaard et al., 1984; Gong et al., 1985; Milne et al., 1986).

Acronym

NCMV

Strains

barley yellow striate mosaic cytorhabdovirus.

ICTV decimal code

62.0.4.0.006

Host range and symptoms

Natural host range and symptoms

• Hordeum vulgare.

Transmission

Transmitted by a vector; an insect; Delphacidae. Transmitted in a persistent manner. Virus retained when the vector moults; multiplies in the vector; not transmitted congenitally to the progeny of the vector; not transmitted by mechanical inoculation; not transmitted by contact between plants; not transmitted by seed.

Geographical distribution

Spreads in China and Japan.

Experimental host range

Few (<3) families susceptible.

Susceptible host species

• Alopecurus aequalis
• Alopecurus geniculatus
• Alopecurus japonicus
• Alopecurus pratensis
• Anthoxanthum odoratum
• Avena byzantina
• Avena fatua
• Avena sativa
• Avena strigosa
• Beckmannia syzigachne
• Calamagrostis epigejos
• Chloris virgata
• Diplachne fusca
• Echinochloa crus-galli
• Eragrostis cilianensis
• Eragrostis multicaulis
• Eragrostis pilosa
• Eragrostis poaeoides
• Festuca elatior
• Holcus lanatus
• Hordeum vulgare
• Lolium multiflorum
• Lolium perenne
• Panicum bisulcatum
• Panicum maximum
• Pennisetum alopecuroides
• Phleum paniculatum
• Poa annua
• Polypogon fugax
• Secale cereale
• Setaria faberi
• Setaria italica
• Setaria viridis
• Triticum aestivum
• Zea mays

Insusceptible host species

• Agrostis palustris
• Bromus inermis
• Cynodon dactylon
• Dactylis glomerata
• Eleusine coracana
• Eleusine indica
• Festuca ovina
• Festuca rubra
• Holcus mollis
• Leersia japonica
• Oryza sativa
• Phleum pratense
• Poa compressa
• Poa pratensis
• Poa trivialis
• Setaria faberi
• Sorghum vulgare
• Sporobolus elongatus

Families containing susceptible hosts

• Gramineae (35/52)

Families containing insusceptible hosts

• Gramineae (18/52)

Sources of host-range data

Ito and Fukushi (1944a); Ito and Fukushi (1944b); Shinkai (1955); Liu and Chen (1982); Lin et al. (1983).

Physical and biochemical properties

Properties of particles in sap

TIP: 50-55 °C. LIV: 4-5 days (at 5ºC). DEP: log₁₀ minus 3 (sap), or 4 (insect extracts). Infectivity of sap decreased by treatment with di-ethyl ether. Leaf sap contains many virions.

Purification method

Toriyama: grind tissues with glycine at pH 7, Celite filtration, sucrose density gradient centrifugation, zone electrophoresis.

Particle morphology

Virions rhabdo- or bullet-shaped; enveloped; with a clear modal length; of 350 nm; 68 nm wide. Axial canal obvious. Basic helix obvious (if stained with UA); pitch of basic helix 5.5 nm.

Physical properties

One sedimenting component in purified preparations.

Biochemical properties

Also phospho-lipids and sterols. Composition of sterols 10.7%, cholesterol 12.9%, campesterol 25.6%, stigmasterol 50.8% b-sitosterol.

Genome consists of RNA; single-stranded. Total genome size 10.5 kb. Genome unipartite; largest (or only) genome part 10.5 kb. Base composition 16.3 % G; 30.3 % A; 16.7 % C; 36.6 % U (for wheat rosette stunt strain). Infectivity lost when deproteinised with phenol or detergent.

Features of proteins

Virion protein(s) six; M_r (wheat rosette stunt strain only) of the largest(L) 140000. M_r of 2nd largest 60000-63000. M_r of 3rd largest 46000-47000. M_r of 4th largest 40000. M_r of 5th largest 19000. Virion proteins glycosylated.

Replication

Genome replicates in cytoplasm.

Cytopathology

Virions found in leaves, roots, mesophyll, epidermis, meristem, vascular parenchyma, phloem, companion cells and in developing xylem cells; in cytoplasm. Inclusions present in infected cells; are viroplasms; they do not contain virions. Other cellular changes: suppression of the elongation of cells in wheat and barley: the proportion of glucose decreases and that of xylose arabinose increases.

Taxonomy and relationships

Cytorhabdovirus: Rhabdoviridae

Virus(es) with serologically related virions

Wheat rosette stunt virus is closely related and barley yellow striate mosaic virus is distantly related.

Virus(es) with serologically unrelated virions

Festuca leaf streak virus.

Best tests for diagnosis

After one day acquisition feeding and about 10 days latent period, transmit the virus by Laodelphax striatellus to wheat (or barley) and japonica type rice varieties. Ceral northern mosaic virus infects wheat (or barley), but not rice. Infected wheat (or barley) plants, first show chlorotic striping, then develop many tillers, one by one, to give stunted rosettes.

Comments and References

References

• Anon. (1979). Scientia Sin. 22: 573.
• Gong, Z. and Zhen, Q. (1985). Acta Biochim. Biophys. Sin. 17: 650.
• Gong, Z., Zhen, Q., Peng, T. and Shikata, E. (1985). Chinese J. Virol. 1: 257.
• Ishii, M. (1966). Res. Bull. Hokkaido natn agric. Exp. Stn 89: 49.
• Ishii, M. (1967). Jap. J. appl. Ent. Zool. 11: 191.
• Ishii, M. and Matsumoto (1964). Ann. Phytopath. Soc. Japan 29: 280.
• Ito and Fukushi, T. (1944a). J. Sapporo Soc. Agric. For. 36: 62.
• Ito and Fukushi, T. (1944b). J. Sapporo Soc. Agric. For. 36: 65.
• Ito and Fukushi, T. (1956). Ann. Phytopath. Soc. Japan 21: 3.
• Kung and Zheng (1985). Acta Biochim. Biophys. Sin. 17: 248.
• Lee and Shikata, E. (1977). Korean J. Pl. Prot. 16: 87.
• Lin, Ruan and Jin (1983). Scientia agric. Sin. 64: 1983.
• Liu and Chen (1982). Scientia agric. Sin. 8: 1982.
• Lu, Shikata, E. and Murayama (1968). Mem. Fac. Agric. Hokkaido Univ. 6: 335.
• Lundsgaard, T. (1984). Intervirology 22: 50.
• Lundsgaard, T., Tien, P. and Toriyama, S. (1984). Phytopath. Z. 111: 232.
• Milne, R.G., Masenga, V. and Conti, M. (1986). Intervirology 25: 83.
• Mikoshiba, Nemoto and Gomi (1984). Ann. Phytopath. Soc. Japan 50: 108.
• Murayama and Lu (1967). J. Fac. Agric. Hokkaido Univ. 55: 182.
• Ogawa and Moichi (1984). Ann. Phytopath. Soc. Japan 50: 108.
• Shinkai, A. (1955). Ann. Phytopath. Soc. Japan 19:1 40.
• Shinkai, A. (1960). In: Plant Virus Diseases p. 275; eds J. Hidaka, T. Hirai, D. Murayama, and K. Yora. Asakura Pub. Co. Ltd., Tokyo.
• Shinkai, A. (1966). Ann. Phytopath. Soc. Japan 32: 317.
• Shinkai, A. (1968). Shokubutsu Boeki 22: 445.
• Shinkai, A. (1969). Shokubutsu Boeki 23: 380.
• Shinkai, A., Kureha and Suzuki (1968). Ann. Phytopath. Soc. Japan 34: 376.
• Shikata, E. and Lu (1967). Proc. Japan Acad. 43: 918.
• Shirako, Y. and Ehara, Y. (1985). Phytopathology 75: 453.
• Toriyama, S. (1972). Virus 22: 114.
• Toriyama, S. (1976a). Ann. Phytopath. Soc. Japan 42: 494.
• Toriyama, S. (1976b). Ann. Phytopath. Soc. Japan 42: 563.
• Toriyama, S. (1977). Ann. Phytopath. Soc. Japan 43: 126.
• Toriyama, S. (1986). CMI/AAB Descr. Pl. Viruses No. 322, 5 pp.
• Toriyama, S. and Kuwata, S. (1973). Ann. Phytopath. Soc. Japan 39: 136.
• Toriyama, S. and Peters, D. (1981). J. gen. Virol. 56: 59.
• Toriyama, S. and Yora, K. (1969). Ann. Phytopath. Soc. Japan 35: 360.
• Yamada and Shikata, E. (1969). J. Fac. Agric. Hokkaido Univ. 56: 91.
• Yamada, Shikata, E. and Murayama (1967). Ann. Phytopath. Soc. Japan 33: 97.
• Zheng, Xu, Zhu, Shen and Kung (1983). Acta Biochim Biophys. Sin 15: 561.

Cite this publication as: Brunt, A.A., Crabtree, K., Dallwitz, M.J., Gibbs, A.J., Watson, L. and Zurcher, E.J. (eds.) (1996 onwards). `Plant Viruses Online: Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database. Version: 20^th August 1996.' URL http://biology.anu.edu.au/Groups/MES/vide/

Dallwitz (1980) and Dallwitz, Paine and Zurcher (1993) should also be cited.