Plant Viruses Online   

Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database

Celery mosaic potyvirus

Index

• Nomenclature
• Host range, transmission and symptoms
• Physical and biochemical properties
• Taxonomy and relationships
• Comments and References

Data collated by R.N. Campbell, 1986.

Nomenclature

Synonyms

apium virus 1, celery western mosaic virus, celery ringspot virus (Hollings, 1964; Pemberton and Frost, 1986).

Acronym

CeMV

Strains

celery crinkle-leaf strain (Freitag and Severin, 1945a), poison hemlock ringspot virus (Freitag and Severin, 1945a and b; Sutabutra and Campbell, 1971).

ICTV decimal code

57.0.1.0.015

Host range and symptoms

Natural host range and symptoms

Symptoms persist.
• Apium graveolens var. dulce - mottling, malformation of leaflets.
• Conium maculatum - systemic mottle and malformation.
• Pastinaca sativa - crinkly leaves and mottle.
• Petroselinum crispum - chlorosis and necrotic spots.
• Coriandrum sativum - chlorosis, stunted.
• Daucus carota - mosaic.
• Anethum graveolens - stunted and malformed.

Transmission

Transmitted by a vector; an insect; Myzus persicae, Aphis middletonii, A. ferruginea-striata; A. apigraveolens, A. apii, A. gossypii, A. rumicis, Cavariella capreae, Myzus circumflexus, M. convolvuli, Rhopalosiphum melliferum; Cavariella aegopodii, C. pastinacae (Severin and Freitag, 1968; Walkey et al., 1970); Aphididae. Transmitted in a non-persistent manner. Virus transmitted by mechanical inoculation; not transmitted by contact between plants; not transmitted by seed.

Ecology and control

Studies reported by Milbrath in California, U.S.A.. Controlled by a celery-free period (Milbrath, 1948). In Britain, the virus infects wild hemlock and other weeds (Walkey, 1970), thus a celery-free period may not control the virus there.

Geographical distribution

Probably distributed worldwide. Spreads in Argentina (Gracia and Feldman, 1977), Australia (western Australia), Canada (Kemp and Froud, 1975), the former Czechoslovakia (Chod, 1984)), France (Marchoux et al., 1969), Germany (Brandes and Luisoni, 1966), Italy (Avgelis and Quacquarelli, 1972), Japan (Iwaki and Komuro, 1970), New Zealand (Fry and Proctor, 1968), the UK (Walkey et al., 1970), the USA (in the western states and Florida (Purcifull and Shepard, 1967)).

Experimental host range

Few (<3) families susceptible. Experimentally infected plants mostly show mottle leaf malformation.

Diagnostically susceptible host species and symptoms

• Apium graveolens var. dulce - mottled and malformed leaflets.
• Conium maculatum - mottled and leaves malformed (Sutabutra, 1968).
• Pastinaca sativa - leaves malformed.
• Daucus carota ssp. sativus chlorotic spots.
• Coriandrum sativum - systemic chlorosis.

Maintenance and propagation hosts

Apium graveolens cv. Utah 10B.

Assay hosts (Local lesions or Whole plants)

Apium graveolens (W), Chenopodium amaranticolor (L), C. quinoa (L).

Susceptible host species

• Anethum graveolens
• Apium graveolens
• Apium graveolens var. dulce
• Chenopodium amaranticolor
• Chenopodium quinoa
• Conium maculatum
• Coriandrum sativum
• Daucus carota
• Daucus carota ssp. sativus
• Heracleum sphondylium
• Pastinaca sativa
• Petroselinum crispum

Families containing susceptible hosts

• Chenopodiaceae (2/2)
• Umbelliferae (10/10)

Sources of host-range data

Severin and Freitag (1938); Sutabutra and Campbell (1971); Frowd and Tomlinson (1970); Walkey et al. (1970); Wolf (1969); Wolf and Schmelzer (1972).

Physical and biochemical properties

Properties of particles in sap

TIP: 55-60 °C. LIV: 6 days. DEP: log₁₀ minus 2-3. Leaf sap contains few virions.

Purification method

Shepard and Grogan (1967b).

Particle morphology

Virions filamentous; not enveloped; usually flexuous; with a clear modal length; of 780 nm; 15 nm wide (Walkey et al., 1970). Axial canal obscure.

Biochemical properties

Virions contain 5.5 % nucleic acid; 94.5 % protein; 0 % lipid.

Genome consists of RNA; single-stranded; linear. Total genome size 9.5-11 kb. Genome unipartite; largest (or only) genome part 9.5-11 kb. Infectivity decreased when deproteinised with proteases; retained when deproteinised with phenol or detergent.

Features of proteins

Virion protein(s) one.

Replication

Replication does not depend on a helper virus.

Cytopathology

Virions found in all parts of the host plant; in cytoplasm. Inclusions present in infected cells; are pinwheels and unusual in shape; tubules in cytoplasm (Purcifull and Shepard, 1967).

Taxonomy and relationships

Potyvirus: Potyviridae

Virus(es) with serologically related virions

Tobacco etch and potato Y (Shepard et al., 1974) viruses.

Differences between type strain and others

Pastinaca sativa is not infected by the common strain, but is susceptible to the crinkle leaf strain (Freitag and Severin, 1945a). Daucus carota ssp. sativus cultivars, Western Red and Early Nantes, are not infected by mechanical inoculation with British isolates (Walkey et al., 1970).

Comments and References

References

• Avgelis, A. and Quacquarelli, A. (1972). Phytopathol. Medit. 11: 124.
• Brandes, J. and Luisoni, E. (1966). Phytopath. Z. 57: 277.
• Chod, J. (1984). Ochr. Rost. 20: 91.
• Freitag, J.H. and Severin, H.H.P. (1945a). Hilgardia 16: 361.
• Freitag, J.H. and Severin, H.H.P. (1945b). Hilgardia 16: 389.
• Fry, P.R. and Proctor, C.H. (1968). N.Z. comml. Grow. 24: 23.
• Gracia, O. and Feldman, J.M. (1977). Pl. Dis. Reptr 61: 905.
• Hari, V. (1981). Virology 112: 391.
• Hollings, M. (1964). J. hort. Sci. 39: 130.
• Iwaki, M. and Komuro, Y. (1970). Ann. Phytopathol. Proc. Japan 36: 36.
• Kemp, W.G. and Frowd, J.A. (1975). Pl. Dis. Reptr 59: 50.
• Marchoux, G., Navatel, J.C., Rougier, J. and Duteil, M. (1969). Annls. Phytopath. 1: 227.
• Milbrath, D.G. (1948). Bull. Calif. Dep. Agric. 37: 3.
• Pemberton, A.W. and Frost, R.R. (1974). Pl. Path. 23: 20.
• Pemberton, A.W. and Frost, R.R. (1986). Ann. appl. Biol. 108: 319.
• Purcifull, D.E. and Shepard, J.F. (1967). Pl. Dis. Reptr 51: 502.
• Severin, H.H.P. and Freitag, J.H. (1938). Hilgardia 11: 493.
• Shepard, J.F. and Grogan, R.G. (1967a). Phytopathology 57: 1104.
• Shepard, J.F. and Grogan, R.G. (1967b). Phytopathology 57: 1136.
• Shepard, J.F. and Grogan, R.G. (1971). CMI/AAB Descr. Pl. Viruses No. 50, 3 pp.
• Shepard, J.F., Secor, G.A. and Purcifull, D.E. (1974). Virology 58: 464.
• Sutabutra, T. and Campbell, R.N. (1971). Pl. Dis. Reptr 55: 328.
• Walkey, D.G.A., Tomlinson, J.A. and Frowd, J.A. (1970). Pl. Dis. Reptr 54: 370.
• Wolf, P. (1969). TagBer. dt. Akad. Wiss., Berlin 11: 293.
• Wolf, P. and Schmelzer, K. (1972). Zbl. Bakt. ParasitKde. Abt. 2, 127: 665.

Cite this publication as: Brunt, A.A., Crabtree, K., Dallwitz, M.J., Gibbs, A.J., Watson, L. and Zurcher, E.J. (eds.) (1996 onwards). `Plant Viruses Online: Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database. Version: 20^th August 1996.' URL http://biology.anu.edu.au/Groups/MES/vide/

Dallwitz (1980) and Dallwitz, Paine and Zurcher (1993) should also be cited.