Plant Viruses Online   

Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database

Cactus X potexvirus

Index

• Nomenclature
• Host range, transmission and symptoms
• Physical and biochemical properties
• Taxonomy and relationships
• Comments and References

Data collated by R. Koenig, 1987.

Nomenclature

Synonyms

barrel cactus virus (Attathom et al, 1978; Milne, 1988).

Acronym

CVX

Strains

Chessin, Milicic, Braunschweig.

ICTV decimal code

56.0.1.0.003

Host range and symptoms

Natural host range and symptoms

Symptoms none.
• Opuntia vulgaris, Austrocylindropuntia cylindrica, Pereskia saccharosa, Schlumbergera bridgesii, Epiphyllum spp., Cereus spp., Echinopsis spp., Zygocactus spp., Ferocactus acanthodes, Echinocereus procumbens - usually infected symptomlessly.

Transmission

Virus transmitted by mechanical inoculation; transmitted by grafting; transmitted by contact between plants; not transmitted by seed.

Geographical distribution

Probably distributed worldwide (in cultivated cacti). Spreads in the North American region; the USA.

Experimental host range

Several (3-9) families susceptible. Experimentally infected plants mostly show necrotic local lesions, mottle.

Diagnostically susceptible host species and symptoms

• Amaranthus caudatus - necrotic local lesions; rarely systemic.
• Gomphrena globosa, Chenopodium amaranticolor - necrotic local lesions; not systemic.
• C. quinoa - systemic mottle.

Diagnostically insusceptible host species

Nicotiana tabacum, Phaseolus spp., Cucumis sativus.

Maintenance and propagation hosts

Chenopodium quinoa.

Assay hosts (Local lesions or Whole plants)

Gomphrena globosa (L), Chenopodium quinoa (W).

Susceptible host species

• Amaranthus caudatus
• Amaranthus retroflexus
• Austrocylindropuntia cylindrica
• Beta vulgaris
• Cactaceae
• Celosia argentea
• Cereus
• Chenopodium amaranticolor
• Chenopodium foetidum
• Chenopodium murale
• Chenopodium quinoa
• Echinocereus procumbens
• Echinopsis
• Epiphyllum
• Ferocactus acanthodes
• Gomphrena globosa
• Ocimum basilicum
• Opuntia vulgaris
• Pereskia saccharosa
• Schlumbergera bridgesii
• Zygocactus

Insusceptible host species

• Chenopodium album
• Chenopodium amaranticolor
• Cucumis sativus
• Nicotiana tabacum
• Phaseolus vulgaris

Families containing susceptible hosts

• Amaranthaceae (4/4)
• Cactaceae (10/10)
• Chenopodiaceae (5/6)
• Labiatae (1/1)

Families containing insusceptible hosts

• Chenopodiaceae (2/6)
• Cucurbitaceae (1/1)
• Leguminosae-Papilionoideae (1/1)
• Solanaceae (1/1)

Sources of host-range data

Plese and Milicic (1966).

Physical and biochemical properties

Properties of particles in sap

TIP: 82 °C. LIV: 28 days (or longer). DEP: log₁₀ minus 5. Infectivity of sap not changed by treatment with di-ethyl ether. Leaf sap contains many virions.

Purification method

Koenig and Lesemann (1983).

Particle morphology

Virions filamentous; not enveloped; usually flexuous; with a clear modal length; of 520 nm; 13 nm wide. Axial canal obscure.

Physical properties

One sedimenting component in purified preparations; sedimentation coefficient 120 S.

Biochemical properties

Virions contain 5 % nucleic acid; 95 % protein; 0 % lipid.

Genome consists of RNA; single-stranded; linear. Total genome size 6.5 kb. Genome unipartite; largest (or only) genome part 6.5 kb. Genomic nucleic acid isolated by Attathom et al. (1978); Koenig (1971). Base composition 20.8 % G; 26.4 % A; 29.2 % C; 23.6 % U. Infectivity retained when deproteinised with phenol or detergent.

Features of proteins

Virion protein(s) one; M_r 20000. Method of preparation: Attathom et al. (1978). Amino acid composition: Attathom et al. (1978).

Replication

Replication does not depend on a helper virus.

Cytopathology

Virions found in all parts of the host plant; usually in cytoplasm, or in cell vacuoles (occasionally). Inclusions cytoplasmic present in infected cells; are unusual in shape; banded bodies or paracrystalline structures; they contain virions.

Taxonomy and relationships

Potexvirus

Virus(es) with serologically unrelated virions

Zygocactus X potexvirus.

Comments and References

References

• Amelunxen, F. (1958). Protoplasma 49: 140.
• Attathom, S., Weathers, L.G. and Gumpf, D.J. (1978). Pl. Dis. Reptr. 62: 228.
• Attathom, S., Weathers, L.G. and Gumpf, D.J. (1978). Phytopathology 68: 1401.
• Bercks, R. (1971). CMI/AAB Descr. Pl. Viruses No. 58, 3 pp.
• Koenig, R. (1978). J. gen. Virol. 40: 309.
• Koenig, R. and Lesemann, D.-E. (1983). CMI/AAB Descr. Pl. Viruses No. 265, 3 pp.
• Milne, R.G. (1988). In: The Plant Viruses, Vol. 4; The Filamentous Viruses, p.6; ed Milne, R.G., Plenum, New York.
• Plese, N. and Milicic, D. (1966). Phytopath. Z. 55: 197
• Ready, K.F.M. and Bancroft, J.B. (1985). Virology 141: 302.

Cite this publication as: Brunt, A.A., Crabtree, K., Dallwitz, M.J., Gibbs, A.J., Watson, L. and Zurcher, E.J. (eds.) (1996 onwards). `Plant Viruses Online: Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database. Version: 20^th August 1996.' URL http://biology.anu.edu.au/Groups/MES/vide/

Dallwitz (1980) and Dallwitz, Paine and Zurcher (1993) should also be cited.