Plant Viruses Online   

Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database

Cacao yellow mosaic tymovirus

Index

• Nomenclature
• Host range, transmission and symptoms
• Physical and biochemical properties
• Taxonomy and relationships
• Comments and References

Data collated by A.A. Brunt, 1985.

Nomenclature

Acronym

CYMV

ICTV decimal code

77.0.1.0.003

Host range and symptoms

Natural host range and symptoms

Symptoms persist.
• Theobroma cacao - leaves with yellow blotches or mosaic.

Transmission

Transmitted by a vector. Virus transmitted by mechanical inoculation; transmitted by grafting; not transmitted by seed.

Geographical distribution

Spreads in Sierra Leone.

Experimental host range

Several (3-9) families susceptible. Experimentally infected plants mostly show local lesions, mosaic.

Diagnostically susceptible host species and symptoms

• Chenopodium amaranticolor, C. quinoa - local lesions; systemic chlorosis.
• Tetragonia tetragonioides - chlorotic local lesions; not systemic.
• Nicandra physalodes, Nicotiana clevelandii, Catharanthus roseus - systemic chlorosis.

Diagnostically insusceptible host species

Gomphrena globosa, Phaseolus vulgaris, Datura stramonium, Nicotiana glutinosa, Physalis floridana.

Maintenance and propagation hosts

Catharanthus roseus, Chenopodium quinoa, Nicandra physalodes, Nicotiana clevelandii, Theobroma cacao.

Assay hosts (Local lesions or Whole plants)

Chenopodium amaranticolor (L), C. quinoa (L), Tetragonia tetragonioides (L), Nicotiana clevelandii (W).

Susceptible host species

• Adansonia digitata
• Beta vulgaris
• Catharanthus roseus
• Ceiba pentandra
• Chenopodium amaranticolor
• Chenopodium quinoa
• Cucumis melo
• Cucurbita pepo
• Nicandra physalodes
• Nicotiana clevelandii
• Nicotiana tabacum
• Tetragonia tetragonioides
• Theobroma cacao
• Vigna unguiculata

Insusceptible host species

• Arachis hypogaea
• Avena sativa
• Brassica campestris ssp. pekinensis
• Calendula officinalis
• Capsicum frutescens
• Cucumis sativus
• Dactylis glomerata
• Datura stramonium
• Daucus carota
• Glycine max
• Gomphrena globosa
• Hordeum vulgare
• Lolium perenne
• Lycopersicon esculentum
• Nicotiana glutinosa
• Petunia × hybrida
• Phaseolus lunatus
• Phaseolus vulgaris
• Phlox drummondii
• Physalis floridana
• Physalis peruviana
• Raphanus sativus
• Solanum melongena
• Trifolium incarnatum
• Zea mays
• Zinnia elegans

Families containing susceptible hosts

• Apocynaceae (1/1)
• Bombacaceae (2/2)
• Chenopodiaceae (3/3)
• Cucurbitaceae (2/3)
• Leguminosae-Papilionoideae (1/6)
• Solanaceae (3/11)
• Sterculiaceae (1/1)
• Tetragoniaceae (1/1)

Families containing insusceptible hosts

• Amaranthaceae (1/1)
• Compositae (2/2)
• Cruciferae (2/2)
• Cucurbitaceae (1/3)
• Gramineae (5/5)
• Leguminosae-Papilionoideae (5/6)
• Polemoniaceae (1/1)
• Solanaceae (8/11)
• Umbelliferae (1 /1)

Sources of host-range data

Brunt et al. (1965).

Physical and biochemical properties

Properties of particles in sap

TIP: 60-65 °C. LIV: 16-32 days. DEP: log₁₀ minus 4. Leaf sap contains many virions.

Purification method

Brunt et al. (1965).

Particle morphology

Virions isometric; not enveloped; 28 nm in diameter; angular in profile; with a conspicuous capsomere arrangement.

Physical properties

Two sedimenting components in purified preparations; sedimentation coefficient 108 S ((B)); of the other(s) 49 S ((T)). Isoelectric point pH 3.6.

Biochemical properties

Virions contain 38 % nucleic acid (B); 62 % protein (B).

Genome consists of RNA; single-stranded; linear. Total genome size 6 kb. Genome unipartite; largest (or only) genome part 6 kb. Base composition 16 % G; 22 % A; 33 % C; 29 % U.

NCBI sequence data (Entrez search)

Sequence database accession code(s)

• X54354 Em(40)_vi:CYMVP Gb(84)_vi:CYMVP Cacao yellow mosaic virion protein gene. 9/93 681bp. 1 sequence.

Features of proteins

Virion protein(s) one; M_r 19788; coat.

Cytopathology

Virions found in cytoplasm (as paracrystals), or in nuclei (but only empty virions). Other cellular changes: small regular vesicles formed by invagination of the outer chloroplast membrane. Mitochondria swollen.

Taxonomy and relationships

Tymovirus

Virus(es) with serologically related virions

Clitoria yellow vein, desmodium yellow mottle, and okra mosaic viruses are related closely; scrophularia mottle, Andean potato latent and eggplant mosaic viruses are distantly related.

Virus(es) with serologically unrelated virions

Dulcamara mottle, ononis yellow mosaic, belladonna mottle, turnip yellow mosaic and wild cucumber mosaic viruses.

Comments and References

References

• Blencowe, J.W., Brunt, A.A., Kenten, R.H. and Lovi, N.K. (1963). Trop. Agric., Trin. 40: 233.
• Brunt, A.A. (1970). CMI/AAB Descr. Pl. Viruses No. 11, 4 pp.
• Brunt, A.A., Kenten, R.H., Gibbs, A.J. and Nixon, H.L. (1965). J. gen. Microbiol. 38: 81.
• Koenig, R. (1976). Virology 72: 1.
• Lesemann, D.-E. (1977). Phytopath. Z. 90: 315.

Cite this publication as: Brunt, A.A., Crabtree, K., Dallwitz, M.J., Gibbs, A.J., Watson, L. and Zurcher, E.J. (eds.) (1996 onwards). `Plant Viruses Online: Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database. Version: 20^th August 1996.' URL http://biology.anu.edu.au/Groups/MES/vide/

Dallwitz (1980) and Dallwitz, Paine and Zurcher (1993) should also be cited.