Plant Viruses Online   

Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database

Beet mild yellowing luteovirus

Index

• Nomenclature
• Host range, transmission and symptoms
• Physical and biochemical properties
• Taxonomy and relationships
• Comments and References

Data collated by H.G. Smith, 1991.

Nomenclature

Synonyms

beet western yellows.

Acronym

BMYV

ICTV decimal code

39.0.1.0.008

Host range and symptoms

Natural host range and symptoms

Symptoms persist. Symptoms yellowing of older leaves, which become curled, thickened and brittle. Some reddening of older leaves of weed species.
• Beta spp. - golden yellowing of older leaves, which become thick and brittle.
• Capsella bursa-pastoris - yellowing of older leaves, curling and reddening of leaves.
• Stellaria media - yellowing of older leaves.
• Lamium amplexicaule - yellowing of older leaves.
• Senecio vulgaris, Vernonia sp. - yellowing of older leaves, reddening of some older leaves.

Transmission

Transmitted by a vector; an insect; Myzus persicae, M. (Sciamyzus) ascolonicus, M. (Nectarosiphon) certus, Macrosiphum euphorbiae, Acyrthosiphon (Aulocorthum) solani, Myzus (Phorodon) humuli, Brachycaudus helichrysi; Aphididae. Transmitted in a persistent manner. Virus retained when the vector moults; does not multiply in the vector; not transmitted congenitally to the progeny of the vector; not transmitted by mechanical inoculation; not transmitted by grafting; not transmitted by contact between plants; not transmitted by seed; not transmitted by pollen.

Ecology and control

Studies reported by Dunning et al. (1988).

Geographical distribution

Spreads in the Eurasian region.

Experimental host range

Several (3-9) families susceptible. Experimentally infected plants mostly show yellowing or reddening of older leaves, which also may become thickened and brittle. Curling of leaves. Stunting.

Diagnostically susceptible host species and symptoms

• Capsella bursa-pastoris and
• Spinacia oleracea - yellowing of older leaves, curling and thickening.
• Montia perfoliata - reddening of older leaves.
• Senecio vulgaris.

Diagnostically insusceptible host species

Brassica spp., Lactuca sativa, Nicotiana clevelandii, Pisum sativum, Trifolium incarnatum.

Maintenance and propagation hosts

Beta vulgaris, Capsella bursa-pastoris, Montia perfoliata.

Assay hosts (Local lesions or Whole plants)

Beta vulgaris (W), Capsella bursa-pastoris (W), Montia perfoliata (W).

Susceptible host species

• Beta macrocarpa
• Beta patellaris
• Beta vulgaris
• Capsella bursa-pastoris
• Crambe abyssinica
• Cucumis sativus
• Gomphrena globosa
• Lamium amplexicaule
• Montia perfoliata
• Physalis floridana
• Senecio vulgaris
• Sinapis alba
• Spinacia oleracea
• Stellaria media
• Tetragonia tetragonioides
• Vernonia
• Viola cornuta
• Zinnia elegans

Insusceptible host species

• Amaranthus caudatus
• Amaranthus retroflexus
• Atriplex hortensis
• Brassica campestris
• Brassica campestris ssp. chinensis
• Brassica campestris ssp. napus
• Brassica campestris ssp. pekinensis
• Brassica campestris ssp. rapa
• Brassica juncea
• Brassica oleracea var. botrytis
• Brassica oleracea var. capitata
• Celosia argentea
• Celosia cristata
• Chenopodium album
• Chenopodium amaranticolor
• Chenopodium ambrosioides
• Chenopodium capitatum
• Chenopodium foetidum
• Chenopodium foliosum
• Chenopodium hybridum
• Chenopodium quinoa
• Chrysanthemum morifolium
• Cucumis melo
• Datura metel
• Datura stramonium
• Emilia sagittata
• Hyoscyamus niger
• Lactuca sativa
• Melandrium album
• Melilotus albus
• Nicotiana clevelandii
• Nicotiana sylvestris
• Nicotiana tabacum
• Petunia × hybrida
• Pisum sativum
• Prunus persica
• Raphanus sativus
• Solanum nigrum
• Sonchus oleraceus
• Trifolium incarnatum
• Trifolium pratense
• Trifolium repens
• Trifolium subterraneum
• Vicia faba

Families containing susceptible hosts

• Amaranthaceae (1/5)
• Caryophyllaceae (1/2)
• Chenopodiaceae (4/13)
• Compositae (3/7)
• Cruciferae (3/12)
• Cucurbitaceae (1/2)
• Labiatae (1/1)
• Portulacaceae (1/1)
• Solanaceae (1 /9)
• Tetragoniaceae (1/1)
• Violaceae (1/1)

Families containing insusceptible hosts

• Amaranthaceae (4/5)
• Caryophyllaceae (1/2)
• Chenopodiaceae (9/13)
• Compositae (4/7)
• Cruciferae (9/12)
• Cucurbitaceae (1/2)
• Leguminosae-Papilionoideae (7/7)
• Rosaceae (1/1)
• Solanaceae (8 /9)

Sources of host-range data

Peters (1988).

Physical and biochemical properties

Properties of particles in sap

TIP: 65 °C. LIV: 16 days. Leaf sap contains few virions.

Purification method

Govier (1985).

Particle morphology

Virions isometric; not enveloped; 26 nm in diameter; angular in profile; without a conspicuous capsomere arrangement.

Physical properties

One sedimenting component in purified preparations; sedimentation coefficient 116 S. Density 1.42 g cm^-3 in CsCl. A₂₆₀/A₂₈₀ ratio 1.8.

Biochemical properties

Genome consists of RNA; single-stranded. Genomic nucleic acid isolated by Veidt et al. (1988).

NCBI sequence data (Entrez search)

Sequence database accession code(s)

• X83110 Em(44)n:Myvrna Gb(90)n:Myvrna Beet mild yellowing virus genomic RNA. 8/95 5,722bp.

Cytopathology

Virions found in leaves, roots and phloem. Inclusions absent from infected cells.

Taxonomy and relationships

Luteovirus

Virus(es) with serologically related virions

Beet western yellows virus, closely.

Additional comments on relationships

The virus is considered by some virologists to be a synonym of beet western yellows luteovirus. However, those working closely with the virus consider it to be a distinct pathogen.

Best tests for diagnosis

ELISA using polyclonal antiserum to distinguish it from beet yellows virus, with which it is frequently associated in field-grown sugar beet.

Comments and References

References

• Govier, D.A. (1985). Ann. appl. Biol. 107: 439.
• Peters, D. (1988) In: Virus Yellows Monograph pp. 87-117. IIRB, Rue Montoyer, 47, B-1040, Brussels, Belgium.
• Russel, G.E. (1958). Ann. appl. Biol. 46: 393.
• Veidt, I., Lot, H., Leiser, M., Scheidecker, D., Guilley, H., Richards, K. and Jonard, G. (1988). Nucl. Acids Res. 16: 9917.

Cite this publication as: Brunt, A.A., Crabtree, K., Dallwitz, M.J., Gibbs, A.J., Watson, L. and Zurcher, E.J. (eds.) (1996 onwards). `Plant Viruses Online: Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database. Version: 20^th August 1996.' URL http://biology.anu.edu.au/Groups/MES/vide/

Dallwitz (1980) and Dallwitz, Paine and Zurcher (1993) should also be cited.