Plant Viruses Online   

Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database

Beet curly top hybrigeminivirus

Index

• Nomenclature
• Host range, transmission and symptoms
• Physical and biochemical properties
• Taxonomy and relationships
• Comments and References

Data collated by K. Boswell, 1985.

Nomenclature

Synonyms

sugarbeet curly top virus, sugarbeet curly-leaf virus, tomato yellows virus, western yellow blight virus.

Acronym

BCTV

Strains

tomato yellows virus. Many stable strains described (Thomas and Mink, 1979).

ICTV decimal code

29.0.2.0.001

Host range and symptoms

Natural host range and symptoms

Symptoms persist.
• Spinacia oleracea, Cucurbitaceae, Phaseolus vulgaris, Linum spp., Capsicum spp., Lycopersicon esculentum, Solanum tuberosum, and many other species - vein-clearing, swelling and malformation in young leaves; rigid, dwarfed, yellowed, twisted and malformed leaves; axillary buds stimulated, phloem necrosis, exudation of fluid from phloem; death of plant. Some hosts symptomless.
• Beta vulgaris - leaf rolling, vein clearing, leaves become dark, dull green in colour, thick crisp and brittle.

Transmission

Transmitted by a vector; an insect; Circulifer tenellus in N. America, C. tenellus, C. opacipennis in Mediterranean Basin; Cicadellidae. Transmitted in a persistent manner. Virus retained when the vector moults; does not multiply in the vector; not transmitted congenitally to the progeny of the vector; not transmitted by mechanical inoculation (unless special procedures used); transmitted by grafting (by dodder from plants that are not hosts of the vector); not transmitted by seed.

Geographical distribution

Spreads in the African region, the Eurasian region, the Mediterranean region, the North American region, and the South and Central American region (in the arid and semi-arid regions of the west); Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Canada, Costa Rica, Cyprus, Egypt, India, Iran, Italy, Mexico, Puerto Rico, Spain, Turkey, the USA, and Uruguay.

Experimental host range

Many (>9) families susceptible.

Diagnostically susceptible host species and symptoms

• Beta vulgaris - vein-clearing and upward and inward rolling of leaves. Vein swelling and galling to give rough abaxial leaf surface. Phloem exudate on petioles and large leaf veins, phloem necrosis in roots.
• Cucumis sativus - seedlings killed. Older plants stunted and malformed, leaves rolled upward.
• Phaseolus vulgaris cv. Bountiful - first trifoliate leaf epinastic. Buds of survivors proliferate, leaflets brittle, curled and crinkled.

Maintenance and propagation hosts

Beta vulgaris for maintenance cultures. Phaseolus vulgaris cvs Romano, Bountiful, and Nicotiana tabacum cv. Turkish for propagation.

Assay hosts (Local lesions or Whole plants)

no local-lesion host. Beta vulgaris (W).

Susceptible host species

• Abelmoschus esculentus
• Amaranthus caudatus
• Amaranthus retroflexus
• Apium graveolens
• Atriplex hortensis
• Bellis perennis
• Beta macrocarpa
• Beta patellaris
• Beta vulgaris
• Brassica campestris ssp. rapa
• Calendula officinalis
• Capsella bursa-pastoris
• Capsicum frutescens
• Catharanthus roseus
• Chenopodium album
• Chenopodium amaranticolor
• Chenopodium capitatum
• Chenopodium murale
• Cicer arietinum
• Citrullus lanatus
• Coriandrum sativum
• Cucumis sativus
• Cucurbita maxima
• Cucurbita moschata
• Cucurbita pepo
• Cucurbitaceae
• Dianthus barbatus
• Dianthus caryophyllus
• Euphorbia marginata
• Fagopyrum esculentum
• Gomphrena globosa
• Gossypium hirsutum
• Ipomoea setosa
• Lactuca sativa
• Lathyrus odoratus
• Linum usitatissimum
• Lycopersicon esculentum
• Matthiola incana
• Medicago hispida
• Medicago sativa
• Melilotus albus
• Nicotiana benthamiana
• Nicotiana bigelovii
• Nicotiana clevelandii
• Nicotiana debneyi
• Nicotiana glutinosa
• Nicotiana rustica
• Nicotiana sylvestris
• Nicotiana tabacum
• Papaver nudicaule
• Petunia × hybrida
• Phaseolus vulgaris
• Phlox drummondii
• Physalis floridana
• Physalis peruviana
• Phytolacca americana
• Pisum sativum
• Raphanus sativus
• Ricinus communis
• Salvia splendens
• Senecio vulgaris
• Solanum demissum
• Solanum melongena
• Solanum nigrum
• Solanum tuberosum
• Spinacia oleracea
• Stellaria media
• Trifolium hybridum
• Trifolium incarnatum
• Trifolium pratense
• Trifolium repens
• Tropaeolum majus
• Vicia faba
• Vicia sativa
• Vicia villosa
• Vigna angularis
• Vigna unguiculata
• Viola cornuta
• Zinnia elegans

Insusceptible host species

• Celosia argentea
• Datura stramonium
• Lycopersicon esculentum
• Lycopersicon pimpinellifolium
• Phaseolus lunatus
• Solanum tuberosum
• Sonchus oleraceus

Families containing susceptible hosts

• Amaranthaceae (3/4)
• Apocynaceae (1/1)
• Caryophyllaceae (3/3)
• Chenopodiaceae (9/9)
• Compositae (5/6)
• Convolvulaceae (1/1)
• Cruciferae (4/4)
• Cucurbitaceae (5/5)
• Euphorbiaceae (2/2)
• Labiatae (1 /1)
• Leguminosae-Papilionoideae (16/17)
• Linaceae (1/1)
• Malvaceae (2/2)
• Papaveraceae (1/1)
• Phytolaccaceae (1/1)
• Polemoniaceae (1/1)
• Polygonaceae (1/1)
• Solanaceae (17/19)
• Tropaeolaceae (1 /1)
• Umbelliferae (2/2)
• Violaceae (1/1)

Families containing insusceptible hosts

• Amaranthaceae (1/4)
• Compositae (1/6)
• Leguminosae-Papilionoideae (1/17)
• Solanaceae (4/19)

Comments on host-range

No monocotyledonous species found to be susceptible.

Sources of host-range data

Bennet (1971).

Physical and biochemical properties

Properties of particles in sap

TIP: 80 °C. LIV: 8 days. DEP: log₁₀ minus 3. Leaf sap contains few virions.

Purification method

Mink and Thomas (1974); Mumford (1974; 1977).

Particle morphology

Virions geminate; not enveloped; 18-22 nm in diameter; rounded in profile.

Physical properties

One sedimenting component in purified preparations, or two sedimenting components in purified preparations; sedimentation coefficient 82 S (for single virions); of the other(s) 86 S, or 55 S (Egbert et al. 1976).

Biochemical properties

Genome consists of DNA; single-stranded; circular. Total genome size 2.8 kb. Genome unipartite; largest (or only) genome part 2.8 kb.

NCBI sequence data (Entrez search)

Sequence database accession code(s)

• M24597 Gb(84)_vi:BCTCG028A Beet curly top virus (clone pBCT028) DNA, complete genome. 9/89 2,994bp.
• M74562 Em(40)_vi:BCTSTLPA Gb(84)_vi:BCTSTLPA Beet curly top virus stem loop. 1/92 58bp.
• M74563 Em(40)_vi:BCTSTLPB Gb(84)_vi:BCTSTLPB Beet curly top virus stem loop. 1/92 60bp.
• U02311 Em(40)_vi:BCU02311 Gb(84)_vi:BCU02311 Beet curly top virus CFH complete genome. 1/94 2,927bp
• X04144 Em(40)_vi:GEBCTV Gb(84)_vi:GEBCTV Beet curly top virus (BCTV) virion DNA. 7/89 2,993bp.
• S72015 Gb(89)_un:S72015 orf L1 (intergenic region) (beet curly top virus BCTV, Worland, Genomic, 106 nt). 12/94 106bp.

Cytopathology

Virions found in phloem; in nuclei.

Taxonomy and relationships

hybrigeminivirus: Geminiviridae (type species)

Comments and References

References

• Ball, E.D. (1909). Bull. Bur. Ent. U.S. Dep. Agric. 66: 33.
• Bennett, C.W. (1971). Monogr. Am. Phytopath. Soc. No. 7: 81.
• Mink, G.I. and Thomas, P.E. (1974). Phytopathology 64: 140.
• Mumford, D.L. (1974). Phytopathology 64: 136.
• Mumford, D.L. (1977). Phytopathology 67: 949.
• Stanley, J., Markham, P.G., Callis, R.J. and Pinner, M.S. (1986). EMBO J. 5: 1761.
• Thomas, P.E. and Mink, G.I. (1979). CMI/AAB Descr. Pl. Viruses No. 210, 6 pp.

Cite this publication as: Brunt, A.A., Crabtree, K., Dallwitz, M.J., Gibbs, A.J., Watson, L. and Zurcher, E.J. (eds.) (1996 onwards). `Plant Viruses Online: Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database. Version: 20^th August 1996.' URL http://biology.anu.edu.au/Groups/MES/vide/

Dallwitz (1980) and Dallwitz, Paine and Zurcher (1993) should also be cited.