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Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database

Bean calico mosaic bigeminivirus

Index

• Nomenclature
• Host range, transmission and symptoms
• Physical and biochemical properties
• Taxonomy and relationships
• Comments and References

Data collated by J.K. Brown, 1990.

Nomenclature

Acronym

BCaMV

ICTV decimal code

29.0.3.0.007

Host range and symptoms

Natural host range and symptoms

Symptoms persist and vary seasonally.
• Phaseolus vulgaris cv. Red Kidney, Phaseolus lunatus - leaf curl, yellow mosaic.
• Malva parviflora - yellow mosaic, leaves stunted and puckered.

Transmission

Transmitted by a vector; an insect; Bemisia tabaci; Aleyrodidae. Transmitted in a persistent manner. Virus does not multiply in the vector; not transmitted congenitally to the progeny of the vector; transmitted by mechanical inoculation; transmitted by grafting; not transmitted by contact between plants; not transmitted by seed.

Ecology and control

Studies reported by Brown et al. (1989).

Geographical distribution

Spreads in the North American region; Mexico.

Experimental host range

Several (3-9) families susceptible. Experimentally infected plants mostly show mosaics, mottles, ringspots or necrosis first on youngest leaves as vein clearing.

Diagnostically susceptible host species and symptoms

• Phaseolus vulgaris cvs Red Kidney, Top Crop, Phaseolus lunatus - yellow mosaic, stunted.
• Vigna radiata, Phaseolous acutifolius, Glycine max cv. Frost Beater - systemic vein clearing and necrosis, mosaic curled leaves.
• Vigna unguiculata cv. Californian Blackeye - malformed leaves and recovery.

Diagnostically insusceptible host species

Gossypium hirsutum cv. DP90, Datura stramonium, Lactuca sativa cv. Empire, Cucurbita maxima cv. Big Max, Capsicum annuum cv. Anaheim.

Maintenance and propagation hosts

Phaseolus vulgaris cvs Red Kidney, Top Crop. Phaseolus lunatus cv. Henderson Bush.

Assay hosts (Local lesions or Whole plants)

Phaseolus vulgaris cv. Red Kidney (W), P. vulgaris cv. Top Crop (W), P. lunatus cv. Henderson Bush (W), Nicotiana benthamiana (W).

Susceptible host species

• Glycine max
• Malva parviflora
• Nicotiana benthamiana
• Phaseolus acutifolius
• Phaseolus lunatus
• Phaseolus vulgaris
• Vigna radiata
• Vigna unguiculata

Insusceptible host species

• Amaranthus retroflexus
• Arachis hypogaea
• Beta vulgaris
• Brassica campestris ssp. chinensis
• Brassica campestris ssp. rapa
• Capsella bursa-pastoris
• Capsicum annuum
• Cassia obtusifolia
• Chenopodium album
• Chenopodium capitatum
• Chenopodium murale
• Cicer arietinum
• Citrullus lanatus
• Cucumis melo
• Cucumis sativus
• Cucurbita maxima
• Cyamopsis tetragonoloba
• Datura stramonium
• Gossypium hirsutum
• Helianthus annuus
• Hibiscus cannabinus
• Lactuca sativa
• Lycopersicon esculentum
• Physalis floridana
• Pisum sativum
• Solanum melongena
• Sonchus oleraceus
• Spinacia oleracea
• Zea mays
• Zinnia elegans

Families containing susceptible hosts

• Leguminosae-Papilionoideae (6/10)
• Malvaceae (1/3)
• Solanaceae (1/6)

Families containing insusceptible hosts

• Amaranthaceae (1/1)
• Chenopodiaceae (5/5)
• Compositae (4/4)
• Cruciferae (3/3)
• Cucurbitaceae (4/4)
• Gramineae (1/1)
• Leguminosae-Caesalpinioideae (1/1)
• Leguminosae-Papilionoideae (4/10)
• Malvaceae (2/3)
• Solanaceae (5 /6)

Sources of host-range data

Brown et al. (1988); Brown et al. (1989).

Physical and biochemical properties

Properties of particles in sap

Leaf sap contains few virions. Electron microscopy: fix with 0.25% glutaraldehyde.

Purification method

Brown and Nelson (1989).

Particle morphology

Virions geminate; not enveloped; 20 nm in diameter; 30 nm in length; rounded in profile, or angular in profile; without a conspicuous capsomere arrangement.

Physical properties

One sedimenting component in purified preparations.

Biochemical properties

Virions contain 20 % nucleic acid; 80 % protein.

Genome consists of DNA; single-stranded; circular. Total genome size 5.2 kb. Genome of two parts; largest (or only) genome part the larger 2.6-2.7 kb; the 2nd largest 2.6-2.7 kb. Genomic nucleic acid isolated by Brown: resuspend purified virions in Tris-EDTA (10mM each) plus 0.1M NaCl, pH 8.0, 1% SDS; add 50ug/ml proteinase K; incubate 42ºC 1 hour; phenol:CHCl₃: (50:48:2) extract; precipitate with ethanol at - 20ºC overnight.

NCBI sequence data (Entrez search)

Sequence database accession code(s)

• L22757 Em(40)_vi:BCOORGRPL Gb(84)_vi:BCOORGRPL Bean calico mosaic virus origin of replication. 1/94 169bp.
• L22758 Em(40)_vi:BCOREPR Gb(84)_vi:BCOREPR Bean calico mosaic virus replicative protein gene, 5´ end. 1/94 659bp.
• L27264 Em(40)_vi:GEBCOAC1A Gb(84)_vi:BCOAC1A Bean calico mosaic geminivirus replication-associated protein (AC1) gene, partial cds. 1/94 2
• L27266 Em(40)_vi:GETLGBC1A Gb(84)_vi:TLGBC1A Bean calico mosaic virus movement protein (BC1) gene, partial cds. 1/94 204bp.
• U00120 Em(40)_vi:BCMOVCR Gb(84)_vi:BCMOVCR Phaseolus vulgaris calico mosaic virus origin of replication sequence. 6/94 169bp.
• U00121 Em(40)_vi:BCMAL1 Gb(84)_vi:BCMAL1 Phaseolus vulgaris calico mosaic virus replicative protein (AL1) gene, partial cds. 6/94 659b 6 sequences.

Features of proteins

Method of preparation: Brown and Nelson (1989).

Replication

Replication does not depend on a helper virus.

Cytopathology

Inclusions present in infected cells; are unusual in shape.

Taxonomy and relationships

bigeminivirus: Geminiviridae

Virus(es) with serologically related virions

Bean golden mosaic and watermelon curly mottle viruses.

Virus(es) with serologically unrelated virions

Five other legume geminiviruses which induce similar symptoms in common hosts.

Best tests for diagnosis

Use whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) transmission to Malva parviflora to separate from other viruses commonly found in mixed infections in Mexico.

Comments and References

References

• Brown, J.K. and Nelson, M.R. (1989). Ann. appl. Biol. 115: 243.
• Brown, J.K., Chapman, M.A. and Nelson, M.R. (1990). Plant Dis. 73: 74: 81.
• Brown, J.K., Jimenez-Garcia, E. and Nelson, M.R. (1988). Phytopathology 78: 1579.

Cite this publication as: Brunt, A.A., Crabtree, K., Dallwitz, M.J., Gibbs, A.J., Watson, L. and Zurcher, E.J. (eds.) (1996 onwards). `Plant Viruses Online: Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database. Version: 20^th August 1996.' URL http://biology.anu.edu.au/Groups/MES/vide/

Dallwitz (1980) and Dallwitz, Paine and Zurcher (1993) should also be cited.